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Ta có:
\(\left(a^2+1\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+\left(c^2+1\right)+\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+c^2\right)+\left(c^2+a^2\right)\)
\(\ge2a+2b+2c+2ab+2bc+2ca=12\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+3\ge12\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\)
\(P=\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}=\dfrac{a^4}{ab}+\dfrac{b^4}{bc}+\dfrac{c^4}{ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(P\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\)
\(P_{min}=3\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge3\sqrt[6]{\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(c+ab\right)\left(a+bc\right)\left(b+ac\right)}}\)
Chứng minh \(3\sqrt[6]{\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(c+ab\right)\left(a+bc\right)\left(b+ac\right)}}\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\left(c+ab\right)\left(a+bc\right)\left(b+ac\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy
\(\Rightarrow\left(c+ab\right)\left(a+bc\right)\le\dfrac{\left(c+a+ab+bc\right)^2}{4}=\dfrac{\left[b\left(a+c\right)+c+a\right]^2}{4}=\dfrac{\left(b+1\right)^2\left(c+a\right)^2}{4}\)
Thiết lập tương tự và thu lại ta có
\(\Rightarrow\left(c+ab\right)^2\left(a+bc\right)^2\left(b+ac\right)^2\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2\left(c+a\right)^2\left(b+1\right)^2\left(a+1\right)^2\left(c+1\right)^2}{64}\)
\(\Rightarrow64\left(c+ab\right)^2\left(a+bc\right)^2\left(b+ac\right)^2\le\left(a+b\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2\left(c+a\right)^2\left(b+1\right)^2\left(c+1\right)^2\left(a+1\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8\left(c+ab\right)\left(a+bc\right)\left(b+ac\right)\le\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(a+1\right)\)
Cần chứng minh rằng \(\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\le8\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy \(\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\le\left(\dfrac{3+3}{3}\right)^3=8\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
\(\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}=\dfrac{a^4}{ab}+\dfrac{b^4}{bc}+\dfrac{c^4}{ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{ab+bc+ca}=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
Mặt khác ta có:
\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2+\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\right)-3=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\)
Từ đó suy ra đpcm
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cộng mẫu số
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{a+\sqrt[3]{bc}}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+\sqrt[3]{ca}}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c+\sqrt[3]{bc}+\sqrt[3]{ca}+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{a+\sqrt[3]{bc}}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+\sqrt[3]{ca}}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\ge\dfrac{9}{3+\sqrt[3]{bc}+\sqrt[3]{ca}+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\)
Chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{9}{3+\sqrt[3]{bc}+\sqrt[3]{ca}+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow18\ge3\left(3+\sqrt[3]{bc}+\sqrt[3]{ca}+\sqrt[3]{ab}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow18\ge9+3\sqrt[3]{bc}+3\sqrt[3]{ca}+3\sqrt[3]{ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\ge3\sqrt[3]{ab}+3\sqrt[3]{bc}+3\sqrt[3]{ca}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 3 bộ số thực không âm
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{ab}\\b+c+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{bc}\\c+a+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{ca}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a+b+c\right)+3\ge3\sqrt[3]{ab}+3\sqrt[3]{bc}+3\sqrt[3]{ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow9\ge3\sqrt[3]{ab}+3\sqrt[3]{bc}+3\sqrt[3]{ca}\) ( đpcm )
Vì \(\dfrac{9}{3+\sqrt[3]{bc}+\sqrt[3]{ca}+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Mà \(\dfrac{a^2}{a+\sqrt[3]{bc}}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+\sqrt[3]{ca}}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\ge\dfrac{9}{3+\sqrt[3]{bc}+\sqrt[3]{ca}+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{a+\sqrt[3]{bc}}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+\sqrt[3]{ca}}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)( đpcm )
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM và Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\sum\frac{a^2}{a+\sqrt[3]{bc}}\geq\sum\frac{a^2}{a+\frac{b+c+1}{3}}=\sum\frac{9a^2}{3(3a+b+c)+a+b+c}\)
\(=\sum\frac{9a^2}{10a+4b+4c}\geq\frac{9(a+b+c)^2}{(10a+4b+4c)}=\frac{9(a+b+c)^2}{18(a+b+c)}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Cách 1
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy ta có
\(\frac{a^3}{b}+b+1\ge3a,\frac{b^3}{c}+c+1\ge3b,\frac{c^3}{a}+a+1\ge3a\)
Cộng từng vế 3 bđt trên ta có
\(A=\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)-3\)
Mặt khác (a+b+c)2+3(a+b+c)\(\ge\)18 (biến đổi tương đương là c/m được)
Đặt m=a+b+c
=> t2+3t-18\(\ge\)0
=> t\(\ge\)3
=> A\(\ge\)3
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Cách 2,rất phức tạp :(
\(6=a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+3\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\)
Suy ra \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2+3\left(a+b+c\right)-18\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c\ge3\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge9\).
Mà \(VT\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\Rightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge9\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\)
Ta chứng minh BĐT sau = sos cho đẹp: \(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{a^3}{b}-\frac{a^2b}{b}\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^2\left(a-b\right)}{b}-\Sigma_{cyc}a\left(a-b\right)+\Sigma_{cyc}a\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^2\left(a-b\right)^2}{b}+\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^2\left(a-b\right)^2}{b}+\frac{1}{2}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{1}{2}\right)\ge0\) (đúng)
Do vậy: \(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3^{\left(đpcm\right)}\)
Xảy ra đẳng thức khi a = b = c = 1