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\(E=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{2}{3^2}+\dfrac{3}{3^3}-\dfrac{4}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{2015}{3^{2015}}-\dfrac{2016}{3^{2016}}\\ 3E=1-\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{3^2}-\dfrac{4}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{2015}{3^{2014}}-\dfrac{2016}{3^{2015}}\\ 3E+E=\left(1-\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{3^2}-\dfrac{4}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{2015}{3^{2014}}-\dfrac{2016}{3^{2015}}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{2}{3^2}+\dfrac{3}{3^3}-\dfrac{4}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{2015}{3^{2015}}-\dfrac{2016}{3^{2016}}\right)\\ 4E=1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2014}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{2015}}-\dfrac{2016}{3^{2016}}\\ 12E=3-1+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2013}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{2014}}-\dfrac{6048}{3^{2016}}\\ 4E+12E=\left(3-1+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2013}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{2014}}-\dfrac{2016}{3^{2015}}\right)+\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2014}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{2015}}-\dfrac{2016}{3^{2016}}\right)\\ 16E=3-\dfrac{2017}{3^{2015}}-\dfrac{2016}{3^{2016}}\\ 16E=3-\left(\dfrac{2017}{3^{2015}}+\dfrac{672}{3^{2015}}\right)\\ 16E=3-\dfrac{2689}{3^{2015}}< 3\\ \Rightarrow E< \dfrac{3}{16}\)
A = 3 + 32 + 33 + 34 + ... + 32015 + 32016
A = (3 + 32) + (33 + 34) + ... + (32015 + 32016)
A = 3(1 + 3) + 33(1 + 3) + ... + 32015(1 + 3)
A = 3.4 + 33.4 + ... + 32015.4
A = 4(3 + 33 + ... + 32015)
Vì 4(3 + 33 + ... + 32015) \(⋮\) 4 nên A \(⋮\) 4
Vậy A \(⋮\) 4
A = 3 + 32 + 33 + 34 + ... + 32015 + 32016
A = (3 + 32 + 33) + (34 + 35 + 36) + ... + (32014 + 32015 + 32016)
A = 3(1 + 3 + 32) + 34(1 + 3 + 32) + ... + 32014(1 + 3 + 32)
A = 3.13 + 34.13 + ... + 32014.13
A = 13(3 + 34 + ... + 32014)
Vì 13(3 + 34 + ... + 32014) \(⋮\) 13 nên A \(⋮\) 13
Vậy A \(⋮\) 13
\(E=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{2}{3^2}+\dfrac{3}{3^3}-\dfrac{4}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{2015}{3^{2015}}-\dfrac{2016}{3^{2016}}\\ 3E=1-\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{3^2}-\dfrac{4}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{2015}{3^{2014}}-\dfrac{2016}{3^{2015}}\\ 3E+E=\left(1-\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{3^2}-\dfrac{4}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{2015}{3^{2014}}-\dfrac{2016}{3^{2015}}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{2}{3^2}+\dfrac{3}{3^3}-\dfrac{4}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{2015}{3^{2015}}-\dfrac{2016}{3^{2016}}\right)\\ 4E=1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2014}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{2015}}-\dfrac{2016}{3^{2016}}\\ 4E< 1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2014}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{2015}}\left(1\right)\)
Gọi \(D=1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...-\dfrac{1}{3^{2015}}\)
\(3D=3-1+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2013}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{2014}}\\ 3D+D=\left(3-1+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2013}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{2014}}\right)+\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2014}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{2015}}\right)\\ 4D=3-\dfrac{1}{3^{2015}}< 3\\ \Rightarrow D< \dfrac{3}{4}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có:
\(4E< \dfrac{3}{4}\\ \Rightarrow E< \dfrac{3}{16}\)
thanks bn nhìu