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1. We have learnt Englist for 4 years
=> We started ... LEARNING ENGLISH 4 YEARS AGO.................................................................
2. My father started to give up smoking last year.
=> My father has ..............GIVEN UP SMOKING SINCE LAST YEAR......................................................
3. They have worked in that factory since 2001.
=> they started ........WORKING IN THAT FACTORY IN 2001............................................................
4. Lan hasn't written to Maryam for a month.
=> Lan didn't ......WRITE TO MARYAM A MONTH AGO..............................................................
5. He has lives in Hanoi since he was 12.
=> He started ....LIVING IN HANOI WHEN HE WAS 12................................................................
6. I haven't seen her for s long time.
=> I didn't ...........SEE HER A LONG TIME AGO.........................................................
7. How long have you learnt French?
=>How long ago ..DID YOU LEARN FRENCH..................................................................?
8.When đi you start to listen to classical music?
=> How long .......HAVE YOU LISTENED TO CLASSICAL MUSIC.............................................................?
9. I last saw her 10 years ago.
I haven't .......SEEN HER FOR 10 YEARS .............................................................
10. How long have you bought this cat?
=>When did ......YOU BUY THIS CAT..............................................................?
1. We have learnt Englist for 4 years
=> We started ....................................................................
2. My father started to give up smoking last year.
=> My father has not smoked since last year
3. They have worked in that factory since 2001.
=> they started working in that factory in 2001
4. Lan hasn't written to Maryam for a month.
=> Lan didn't write to Maryam a month ago
5. He has lives in Hanoi since he was 12.
=> He started living in Hanoi when he was 12
6. I haven't seen her for s long time.
=> I didn't see her a long time ago
7. How long have you learnt French?
=>How long ago did you start learning English?
8.When đi you start to listen to classical music?
=> How long have you listened to classical music?
9. I last saw her 10 years ago.
I haven't seen her for 10 years
10. How long have you bought this cat?
=>When did you buy this cat
Change into passive
1. They will hold the meeting before May Day.
------->The meeting ......will be held before May Day......
2. Somebody has taken some of my books away
--------> Some of my books have been taken by somebody............
3. They have to repair the engine of the car.
-------> The engine of the car ....HAS TO BE REPAIRED.......
4. They may use this room for the classroom.
---------->This room .......MAY BE USED FOR THE CLASSROOM........
5. The teacher is going to tell a story.
------------A story IS GOING TO BE TOLD BY THE TEACHER...........
6. John used to visit his parents at weekends.
----------> His parents ....USED TO BE VISITED BY JOHN AT WEEKENDS.........
7. They use milk for making butter and cheese.
-------->Milk clothing. ..IS USED FOR MAKING BUTTER AND CHEESE..........
8. They have provided the victims with food and clothing
-----> The victims ......HAVE BEEN PROVIDED WITH FOOD AND CLOTHING......
9 . People speak English in most every corner of the world .
------>. English ...IS SPOKEN IN MOST EVERY CORNER OF THE WORLD.........
10. The students are writing the lesons now .
------> The lesson IS BEING WRITTEN BY THE STUDENTS NOW.
11. Her teacher taught her how to apply this theory
------>She .WAS TAUGHT HOW TO APPLY THIS THEORY BY HER TEACHER.............
12. Someone will tell him that news.
------> he ......WILL BE TOLD THAT NEWS BY SOMEONE....
EXERCISE: Complete the sentences with "for" or "since":
1. We haven't heard from them ___FOR______ ages
2. They waited for you _____FOR____ two days
3. They haven't met him ____SINCE_____ he left the room
4. We have bought the new car ___SINCE_____ 1999
5. Haven't you seen him _____SINCE_______ Christmas?
6. It was not rained ____SINCE______ May
7. I haven't written to him _______FOR_ five months.
8. She has spoken to them _____SINCE__ this morning
9. We have listened to music __SINCE______ 8a.m
10. The house been built _____SINCE_____ last year
EXERCISE: Use simple past or present perfect to complete the following sentences:
1. Her English ( improve) ______HAS IMPROVED_____ recently
2. How many pages _____HAVE YOU READ____ you (read) _________ so far?
3. We (finish)____FINISHED____ our homework two hour ago
4. __________ you(be)__________ to Rome? HAVE YOU BEEN
5. I (see)____________ him several times on TV HAVE SEEN
6. What _______you (do)__________ last night? DID YOU DO
7. This is the first time I (visit)______ the city HAVE VISITED
8. They (buy)__________ the garden some days ago. BOUGHT
9. I (learn)________ English since I (be)__________ 11 years old HAVE LEARNT/ WAS
10. Be careful! I (just clean)________ the floor HAVE JUST CLEANED
11. The meal (already be)___HAS ALREADY BEEN____ ready
12. I ( never read)________ an interesting story like this before HAVE NEVER READ
EXERCISE : Rewrite the following sentences with the words given
l. Minh last wrote to his pen al five months ago
-> Minh hasn't WRITTEN TO HIS PENPAL FOR 5 MONTHS.
2. The last time we visited Kuala Lumpur was 3 years ago
-> I haven't VISITED KUALA LUMPUR FOR 3 YEARS.
3. When did you study English?
-> How long HAVE YOU STUDIED ENGLISH ?
4. They began building this house 2 months ago
->They have BUILT THIS HOUSE FOR 2 MONTHS.
5. My father started to work in this factory last week
-> My father has WORKED IN THIS FACTORY SINCE LAST WEEK.
6. How long has he worked in the garden?
->When DID HE BEGIN TO WORK IN THE GARDEN ?
7. How long ago did you learn music?
-> How long have YOU LEARNT MUSIC ?
8. He started living in Ho Chi Minh city when he was 8
-> He has LIVED IN HCM CITY SINCE HE WAS 8.
9. He learnt English when he was 18
-> He has..LEARNT ENGLISH SINCE HE WAS 18.
10. They have worked in that factory for five years
-> They began WORKING IN THAT FACTORY 5 YEARS AGO.
ll. My father stopped smoking two years ago
-> My father hasn't SMOKED FOR 2 YEARS.
12. We have learnt English for four years.
-> We started. LEARNING ENGLISH 4 YEARS AGO.
13 My father started to give up smoking last year
-> My father has GIVEN UP SMOKING SINCE LAST YEAR.
14. They have worked in that factory since 2001
-> They started. WORKING IN THAT FACTORY IN 2001.
15. Lan hasn't written to Maryam for a month.
-> Lan didn't...WRITE TO MARYAM A MONTH AGO...
16. He has lived in Ha Noi since he was 12.
-> He started. LIVING IN HA NOI WHEN HE WAS 12.
17. I haven't met her for a long time.
-> I didn't. MEET HER A LONG TIME AGO.
18. How long have you leamt French ?
-> How long ago DID YOU LEARN FRENCH ?
19. How long have you bought this car -> When did YOU BUY THIS CAR ?
20. When did you start to listen to classical music ?
->How long HAVE YOU LISTENED TO CLASSICAL MUSIC ?
21. I saw her 10 years ago.
-> I haven't SEEN HER FOR 10 YEARS.
EXERCISE : Rewrite the following sentences with the words given
l. Minh last wrote to his pen al five months ago
-> Minh hasn't written to his pen pal for five months
2. The last time we visited Kuala Lumpur was 3 years ago
-> I haven't visited Kuala Lumpur for 3 years
3. When did you study English?
-> How long have you studied English
4. They began building this house 2 months ago
->They have built this house for 2 months
5. My father started to work in this factory last week
-> My father has worked in this factory since last week
6. How long has he worked in the garden?
->When did he work in the garden?
7. How long ago did you learn music?
-> How long have you learnt music ?
8. He started living in Ho Chi Minh city when he was 8
-> He has lived in Ho Chi Minh City since he was 8
9. He learnt English when he was 18
-> He has...learnt English since he was 18
10. They have worked in that factory for five years
-> They began to smoke in that factory five years ago
ll. My father stopped smoking two years ago
-> My father hasn't smoked for two years
12. We have learnt English for four years.
-> We started. to learn English four years ago
13 My father started to give up smoking last year
-> My father has given up smoking since last year
14. They have worked in that factory since 2001
-> They started. to work in that factory in 2001
15. Lan hasn't written to Maryam for a month.
-> Lan didn't...write to Maryam a month ago..
16. He has lived in Ha Noi since he was 12.
-> He started.to live in Ha Noi when he was 12
17. I haven't met her for a long time.
-> I didn't. meet her a long time ago
18. How long have you leamt French ?
-> How long ago did you learn French?
19. How long have you bought this car -> When did you buy this car?
20. When did you start to listen to classical music ?
->How long have you listened to classical music?
21. I saw her 10 years ago.
-> I haven't seen her for 10 years
Rewrite the following sentenses so that the second sentence means nearly exactly the same as the first one.
1. They have learnt English for ten years now.
=> They started to learn English ten years ago.
2. She started to give up smoking last year.
=> She has given up smoking since last year.
3. Tom and Mary have worked in that factory since 1990.
=> Tom and Mary started to work in that factory in 1990.
4. I haven't written to you for a month.
=> I last wrote to you a month ago.
5. I have lived in Hue since I was an eleven-year-old girl.
=> I started to live in Hue when I was an eleven-year-old girl.
6. He hasn't seen her for twelve years now.
=> He last saw her twelve years ago.
7. How long have you learned French?
=> How long ago did you learn French?
8. When did you start to listen to pop music?
=> How long have you listened to pop music?
...........Chúc bạn học tốt.............
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Rewrite the following sentenses so that the second sentence means nearly exactly the same as the first one.
1. They have learnt English for ten years now.
=> They started to learnt English ten years ago.
2. She started to give up smoking last year.
=> She has given up smoking for a year.
3. Tom and Mary have worked in that factory since 1990.
=> Tom and Mary started to work in the factory in 1990.
4. I haven't written to you for a month.
=> I last wrote to you a month ago.
5. I have lived in Hue since I was an eleven-year-old girl.
=> I started to live in Hue when I was an eleven-year-old girl.
6. He hasn't seen her for twelve years now.
=> He last saw her twevle years ago.
7. How long have you learned French?
=> How long ago did you start to learn French?
8. When did you start to listen to pop music?
=> How long have you listened to pop music?
1. He began to give up smoking last year.
-> He has..not smoked since last year.
2. They began to live in Ho Chi Minh City in 2000.
-> They have.lived in HCM City snce 2000..
3. He started to learn how to play the piano in 2005.
-> He has..learnt how to play the piano since 2005.
4. When did you start learning English?
-> How long..have you learnt English?.
5. How long have you learnt English?
-> When.did you start learning English?..
6. When did you first know Maryam?
-> How long is it since you first knew Maryam?
7. When did people first use the telephone?
-> How long is..it since people first used telephone?.
8. When did you start saving money?
-> How long..have you saved money?.
9. The last time i wrote to her was 2 years ago.
-> I haven’t..written to her for 2 years.
10. It hasn’t rained for 2 months.
-> The last time.it rained was 2 months ago..
11. I last talked to her in 2004.
-> I haven’t..talked to her since 2004.
12. It has been a long time since Lan lelf her school.
-> Lan..has left her school for a long time.
13. He hasn’t written to me for 2 months.
-> it has been.2 months since he last wrote to me..
14. She last heard that song three years ago.
-> It’s three.years since she last heard that song..
15. It’s 2 years since I saw her.
-> I haven’t..seen her for 2 years.
16. It’s ten years since Nam stopped playing the piano.
-> Nam hasn’t..played piano for 10 years.
17. Mary was last seen 20 minutes ago.
-> Mary hasn’t..been seen for 20 minutes.
18. The last time I saw David was in 1995.
-> I haven’t.seen David since 1995..
I. Rewrite the second sentences so that they have the same meaning to the first one.
1. He has lived in Hanoi since he was 12
--> He started living Hanoi when he was 12
2. I have not seen her for a long time.
--> It’s a long time since I last saw her.
3. How long have you learnt French?
--> How long have you been learning French?
4.. When did you start to listen to classical music
--> How long have you started listening to classical music?
5. I last saw her 10 years ago
--> I have not seen her for 10 years.
6. How long have you bought this car ?
--> When did you buy this car ?
7. She started teaching the children in this remote village 5 months ago.
--> She has been teaching the children in this remote village for 5 months
8. I began living in this HCMC when I was 8
--> I have been living in this HCMC since I was 8
9. We started cooking for the party four hours ago.
--> We have been cooking for the party for four hours.
10. We began studying English when we were at primary school.
--> We have been studying English since we were at primary school.
II Change into Passive Voice.
1. My father waters this flower every morning.
--> this flower is watered every morning
2. John invited Fiona to his birthday party last night.
--> Fiona was invited to John’s birthday party last night by him
3. Her mother is preparing the dinner in the kitchen.
-> the dinner is being prepared in the kitchen
4. Some drunk drivers caused the accident in this city.
--> the accidents are caused in this city by some drunk drivers
I. Rewrite the second sentences so that they have the same meaning to the first one.
1. He has lived in Hanoi sice he was 12
--> He started living in hanoi when he was 12
2. I havenot seen her for a long time.
-->i didn't see her a long time ago
3. How long heve learnt French?
--> How long ago did you start to learn french?
4. When did you start to listen to classical music
--> How long have you listened to classical music?
5. I last saw her 10 years ago
--> I havenot seen her for 10 years
6. How long have you bought this car ?
--> When did you bought this car?
7. She started teaching the children in this remote village 5 months ago.
--> I have taught the children in this remote village for5 months
8. I began living in this HCMC when I was 8
--> I have lived in HCMC since i was 8
9. We started cooking for the party four hours ago.
--> We have cooked for the party for 4 hours
10. We began studying English when we were at primary school.
--> We have studied English since we were at primary school
II Change into Passive Voice.
1. My father waters this flower every morning.
-->this flower is watered by my father every mornig
2. John invited Fiona to his birthday party last night.
--> fiona was invited to john's birthday party last night
3. Her mother is preparing the dinner in the kitchen.
-->the dinner is being prepared by her mother in the kitchen
4. Some drunk drivers caused the accident in this city.
-->The accident in this city was caused by some drunk drivers
1)Samuel started keeping a diary in 1997.
->Samuel has kept a diary since 1997.
2)We started learning English five years ago.
->We have learned English for fìve years
3)I began living in Ho Chi Minh city when I was 8.
->I have lived in Ho Chi Minh City since I was 8.
4)She has taught the children in this remote village for five months.
->She started teaching the children in this remote village five months ago
5)She hasn't had a swim for five years.
->She last hadn't had a swim five years ago
6)He hasn't written to me since April.
->The last time he wrote to me was 8 months ago
7)They last talked to each other two months ago.
->They haven't talked to each other for two months
8)The last time she saw her elder sister was in 1999.
-> She hasn't seen her elder sister since 1999.
9)She hasn't written to me for years.
->It's years since she didn't write to me
10)Robert and Catherine have been married for ten years.
->It's ten years since Robert and Catherine had married
11)It's two weeks since they cleaned their room.
-> They have cleaned their room for two weeks
12)It's over six months since John had his haircut.
->John has had his hair cut for over six months
13)How long is it since you rode a bicycle?
->When did you write a bike?
14)How long is it since he wrote to me?
->When did he last write to me?
15)When did he last talk to you?
->How long is it since he talked to you?
17)We have never eaten this kind of food before.
->It's the first time I have eaten that kind of food
18)This is the first time I have seen this film.
->I have never seen this film
19)John began playing the piano ten years ago.
->John has played the piano for ten years
1/Samel has kept a diary since 1997
2/we have learnt english for 5 years
3/i have lived in HCMcity since i was 8
4/she started teaching the childrenin this remote village 5 months ago
5/she last wrote 5 years ago
6/the last time he wrote wasApril ago
7/they havent talken for 2 months
8/they havent seen her elder sister since 1999
9/it is years since she last wrote to me
10/it's ten years since Robert and Catherine married
11/they have cleaned their room for 2 weeks
12/John has jised hair cutfor over 6 moths
13/when did you last ride a bycle
14/when did he last write to me
15/how long is it since he talken to you
16/how long is it since you telephoneed him
17/it is the first time i have eatten this kind of food
18/i have never seen this film before
19/John has played the piano for 10 years
20/he started giving up smoke i2 months ago
1. We have learned English for 7 years
=> We started learning English 7 years ago
2. Mr. Ba started to give up smoking last year
=> Mr. Ba has given up smoking since last year
3. Lien hadn't written time for a month
=> Lien didn't write time a month ago
4. He has lived in Ha Noi since he was 10
=> He started living in Ha Noi since he was 10
5. How long have you studied vietnamese ?
=> How long ago did you study vietnamese ?
1, We last met our neighbors 6 years ago.
-> We have not met our neighbors for 6 years.
2, Lan did not write to her parents a month ago.
-> Lan has not written to her her parents for a month.
3, When did you start to listen to classical music?
-> How long have you listened to classical music?
4, He started to live in Hanoi when he was 12.
-> He has lived in Hanoi since he was 12.
5, He often made a birthday cake for me.
-> He used to make a birthday cake for me.
6, It's a pity he can not come to the party.
-> I wish he could come to the party.
7, They learn English all over the world.
-> English is learnt all over the world.
8, You must do this work right away.
-> This work right away must be done (by you)
9, Lan is interested in listening to pop music.
-> Lan enjoys listening to pop music.
10, " I am having a wonderful time here " said Nga.
-> Nga said she was having a wonderful time there.
11, " Why don't you go with me now ?"
-> She asked me why I didn't go with her then.
1, We last met our neighbors 6 years ago.
-> We have not met our neighbors since last 6 years ago.
2, Lan did not write to her parents a month ago.
-> Lan has not written to her parents last a month.
3, When did you start to listen to classical music?
-> How long have you listened to classical ?
4, He started to live in Hanoi when he was 12.
-> He has lived in Hanoi since he was 12.
5, He often made a birthday cake for me.
-> He used to make a birthday cake for me.
6, It's a pity he can not come to the party.
-> I wish he could come to the party.
7, They learn English all over the world.
-> English is learnt all over the world.
8, You must do this work right away.
-> This work right away must be done by you.
9, Lan is interested in listening to pop music.
-> Lan enjoys listening to pop music.
= Lan enjoys pop music.
10, " I am having a wonderful time here " said Nga.
-> Nga said that she was having a woderful time there.
11, " Why don't you go with me now ?"
-> She asked me why I didn't go with her then.
III/ rewrite these sentences, using present perfect tense
1. She began to learn English 3 years ago
->she has learned English for 3 years
2. He started playing tennis when he was 6
-> he has played tennis since he was 6
3. He began to work for this company in 2002
-> my brother has worked for this company since 2002
4. He started collecting stamps 4 months ago
-> he has collected stamps for 4 months
5. The last time i saw him was 2 weeks ago
-> i haven't seen him for 2 weeks
6. The last time they visited Hue was in 1999
-> they haven't visited Hue since 1999
7. We last ate in that restaurant in January
-> we haven't eaten in that restaurant since January
8. She last came here 3 months ago
-> she hasn't come here for 3 months
9. It's a long time since i last wrote to her
-> i haven't written to her for a long time
10. It's many years since we last our aunt
-> we haven't met our aunt for many years
III/ rewrite these sentences, using present perfect tense
1. She began to learn English 3 years ago
->she has..learned English for 3 years.
2. He started playing tennis when he was 6
-> he has.played tennis since he was 6.
3. He began to work for this company in 2002
-> my brother has..worked for this company since 2002..
4. He started collecting stamps 4 months ago
-> he has.collected stamps for 4 months..
5. The last time i saw him was 2 weeks ago
-> i haven't.seen him for 2 weeks..
6. The last time they visited Hue was in 1999
-> they haven't.visited Hue since 1999..
7. We last ate in that restaurant in January
-> we haven't .eaten in that restaurant since January..
8. She last came here 3 months ago
-> she hasn't come here for 3 months
9. It's a long time since i last wrote to her
-> i haven't written to her for a long time
10. It's many years since we last our aunt
-> we haven't met our aunt for many years
Rewrite the following sentences:
1. We have learn English for 2 years.
=> We started ______to learn English 2 years ago________________
2. They have worked in that factory since 2002.
=> They started ________working in that factory in 2002____________
3. Lan hasn't written to Maryam for a month .
=> Lan didn't ____________write to Maryam a month ago__________
4. He has lived in Hanoi since he was 12.
=> He started_________living in HN when he was 12_____________
5. I haven't seen her for a long time
=> I didn't ______see her a long time ago__________________
6. How long have you learned French ?
=> When did ________you start to learn French_____________?
7. They learn English well.
=> English __________is learnt well_______________
8. They don't grow rice in that country
=> Rice is not ________grown in that country______________
9. They shouldn't cut flowers in that garden .
=> Flowers________shouldn't be cut in that garden________________
10. People can't sell food on the sidewalk.
=> Food_______can't be sold on the sidewalk__________________
11. Peter has bought this book
=> This book ___________has been bought by Peter__________
12. I'm sorry he can't come
=> I wish ________he could come________________
13. She doesn't come ,so I can't meet her
=> If_____________she came, I would meet her__________________
14. He goes to school late because he misses the bus .
=> If__________he didn't miss the bus, he wouldn't go to school late______________________
15. Learn hard or you will get bad marks.
=> If ________you learn hard, you will not get bad mark______________________
16. It's a pity he comes late
=> I wish ___________he didn't come late_______________
17. They will sell these cars tomorrow.
=> These cars_________will be sold tomorrow______________
18. He left the letters on the desk.
=> The letters______were left on the desk by him_______________
19. He wrote taht novel
=> That novel ______was written by him_______________
20. It has rained since this morning
=> It began _________to rain in this morning_______________
21. We played volley ball last week
=> We've ________played volleyball since last week__________________
22. The teacher corrects our homework
=> Our homework ________is corrected by the teacher_________
23. My sister learns hard and she gets good marks.
=> If ___________my sister didn't learn hard, she wouldn;t get good marks __________________
24." I have something to show you"
=> He said ______that he had something to show me__________________
25. " Are you a good student?"
=> I asked her ______if she was a good student______________