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Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\dfrac{a^3}{\sqrt{b^2+3}}+\dfrac{a^3}{\sqrt{b^2+3}}+\dfrac{b^2+3}{7\sqrt{7}}\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^3}{\sqrt{b^2+3}}\cdot\dfrac{a^3}{\sqrt{b^2+3}}\cdot\dfrac{b^2+3}{7\sqrt{7}}}=\dfrac{3a^2}{\sqrt{7}}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại ta cũng có:
\(\dfrac{b^3}{\sqrt{c^2+3}}+\dfrac{b^3}{\sqrt{c^2+3}}+\dfrac{c^2+3}{7\sqrt{7}}\ge\dfrac{3b^2}{\sqrt{7}};\dfrac{c^3}{\sqrt{a^2+3}}+\dfrac{c^3}{\sqrt{a^2+3}}+\dfrac{a^2+3}{7\sqrt{7}}\ge\dfrac{3c^2}{\sqrt{7}}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(2P+\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+9}{7\sqrt{7}}\ge\dfrac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\sqrt{7}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\dfrac{\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}+9}{7\sqrt{7}}-\dfrac{3\cdot\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}{\sqrt{7}}}{2}\ge\dfrac{\dfrac{\sqrt{7}}{21}}{2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{7}}{42}\)
Xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
am-gm :a3/V(b2+3)+a3/V(b2+3)+(b2+3)/x tự tìm số x dựa theo Min của bài (dự đoán a=b=c=1/3)
12. Ta có \(ab\le\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}\)
=> \(a^2-ab+3b^2+1\ge\frac{a^2}{2}+\frac{5}{2}b^2+1\)
Lại có \(\left(\frac{a^2}{2}+\frac{5}{2}b^2+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{5}{2}+1\right)\ge\left(\frac{a}{2}+\frac{5}{2}b+1\right)^2\)
=> \(\sqrt{a^2-ab+3b^2+1}\ge\frac{a}{4}+\frac{5b}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2-ab+3b^2+1}}\le\frac{4}{a+b+b+b+b+b+1+1}\le\frac{4}{64}.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{5}{b}+2\right)\)
Khi đó
\(P\le\frac{1}{16}\left(6\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+6\right)\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Vậy \(MaxP=\frac{3}{2}\)khi a=b=c=1
13. Ta có \(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\le1\)
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c+3}\)( BĐT cosi)
=> \(1\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c+3}\)
=> \(a+b+c\ge6\)
Ta có \(a^3-b^3=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\)
=> \(\frac{a^3-b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=a-b\)
Tương tự \(\frac{b^3-c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}=b-c\),,\(\frac{c^3-a^2}{c^2+ac+a^2}=c-a\)
Cộng 3 BT trên ta có
\(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ac+c^2}=\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+bc+b^2}+\frac{a^3}{a^2+ac+c^2}\)
Khi đó \(2P=\frac{a^3+b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+...\)
=> \(2P=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}+....\)
Xét \(\frac{a^2-ab+b^2}{a^2+ab+b^2}\ge\frac{1}{3}\)
<=> \(3\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\ge a^2+ab+b^2\)
<=> \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)(luôn đúng )
=> \(2P\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+b+c+a+c\right)=\frac{2}{3}.\left(a+b+c\right)\ge4\)
=> \(P\ge2\)
Vậy \(MinP=2\)khi a=b=c=2
Lưu ý : Chỗ .... là tương tự
có: \(\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{2}{b}-\dfrac{1}{a}=\dfrac{2a-b}{ab}\Rightarrow2a-b=\dfrac{ab}{c}\)
tương tự ta cũng có \(2c-b=\dfrac{bc}{a}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{c\left(a+b\right)}{ab}+\dfrac{a\left(c+b\right)}{bc}=\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{a}{c}=\left(\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)+\dfrac{a+c}{b}\)
Áp dụng BĐt AM-GM:\(\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{a}{c}\ge2\)
và \(\dfrac{2}{b}=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+c}\Leftrightarrow a+c\ge2b\)
do đó \(VT\ge2+2=4\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c
Câu 3. Dự đoán dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Dùng phương pháp chọn điểm rơi thôi :)
LG
Áp dụng bđt Cô-si được \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{3}\ge\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{27}\ge a^2b^2c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{27}}\ge abc\)
Khi đó :\(B=a+b+c+\frac{1}{abc}\)
\(=a+b+c+\frac{1}{9abc}+\frac{8}{9abc}\)
\(\ge4\sqrt[4]{abc.\frac{1}{9abc}}+\frac{8}{9.\frac{1}{\sqrt{27}}}\)
\(=4\sqrt[4]{\frac{1}{9}}+\frac{8\sqrt{27}}{9}=\frac{4}{\sqrt[4]{9}}+\frac{8}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{4}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{8}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{12}{\sqrt{3}}=4\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Vậy .........
2, \(A=\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\)
\(A=\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\)
\(A=\left[\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)}{4}\right]+\left[\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{\left(a+c\right)}{4}\right]+\left[\frac{c^2}{a+b}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)}{4}\right]-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(A\ge2.\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{4}}+2.\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{4}}+2.\sqrt{\frac{c^2}{4}}-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}\)
\(A\ge a+b+c-\frac{6}{2}\)
\(A\ge6-3\)
\(A\ge3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{a^2}{b+c}=\frac{b+c}{4}\Leftrightarrow4a^2=\left(b+c\right)^2\Leftrightarrow2a=b+c\)(1)
\(\frac{b^2}{a+c}=\frac{a+c}{4}\Leftrightarrow4b^2=\left(a+c\right)^2\Leftrightarrow2b=a+c\)(2)
\(\frac{c^2}{a+b}=\frac{a+b}{4}\Leftrightarrow4c^2=\left(a+b\right)^2\Leftrightarrow2c=a+b\)(3)
Lấy \(\left(1\right)-\left(3\right)\)ta có:
\(2a-2c=c+b-a-b=c-a\)
\(\Rightarrow2a-2c-c+a=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3.\left(a-c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-c=0\Leftrightarrow a=c\)
Chứng minh tương tự ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}b=c\\a=b\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=2\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=3\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)
\(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=0\Leftrightarrow ayz+bxz+cxy=0\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{xy}{ab}+\dfrac{yz}{bc}+\dfrac{xz}{ac}\right)=1=\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{xyc+ayz+xbz}{abc}\right)=\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}\)(đpcm)
\(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{xyz}=0\Leftrightarrow ayz+bxz+cxy=0\)
\(\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}=\left(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}\right)^2-2\left(\dfrac{xy}{ab}+\dfrac{yz}{bc}+\dfrac{zx}{ac}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}\right)^2-2\left(\dfrac{cxy+ayz+bzx}{abc}\right)\)\(=1-0=1\left(dpcm\right)\)
Câu 1:
Ta có: Áp dụng BĐT phụ \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge9\)
=> \(2\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\ge9\)
=> \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)\ge4,5\) (*)
và BĐT Cau -chy ta có:
\(P+3=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+c}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b}\)
\(+\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{a}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
<=> \(P+3\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)\)
\(+2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{a}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{c}.\dfrac{c}{a}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{c}.\dfrac{c}{a}}\)
<=> \(P+3\ge4,5+6=10,5\) ( Theo (*)) => \(P\ge7,5\)
=> Dấu = xảy ra <=> a = b = c
từ $x\le 3$ suy ra $x=3$ là điểm rơi
suy ra $y=8$ suy ra $P_{max}= 3*8=24$