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1.The dry weather is killing all the plants in my garden . dying
->All the plants in the garden ....are dying because of....the dry weather.
2. Because it snowed heavily during the night the motorway is closed. due
=>the motorway is closed...due to the fact.that there was heavy snow the night before .
3. Redundancy had caused a lot of domestic problems.
=> Many domestic problems had been caused by Redundancy
4. We had to call the doctor because the baby had a high temperature. because of
We had to call the doctor because of the baby's high temperature.
5.The factory had to be shut down because of very low output and poor profits. due
The factory had to be shut down due to very low output and poor profits
6.He is going to step down because of the corruption allegations. account
He is going to step down on account of the corruption allegations
7.I held my breath for a long while because I was afraid they might discover my presence. lest
I held my breath for a long while lest they should discover my presence.
8.Alfred put on his raincoat because he didn't want to get soaked.
=> For fear of getting soaked Alfred put on his raincoat.
9.He ran away because he was afraid that he might be seen. lest
He ran away lest he should be seen.
10.Wage cuts have led to people rioting on the streets. as a result of
As a result of wage cuts, people have rioted on the street
1. If my parents allowed me to go, I wouldn't have to stay at home.
2. If the computer hadn't broken down, I wouldn't have had to stop my work.
3. If she didn't love him, she wouldn't forgive he easily.
4. If you had often talked to them, they would have understood you.
5. If I had had a dictionary, I could have looked the word up.
6. If Sandra had got her camera, she could take a photo.
7. If I didn't have to work tomorrow evening, I would meet you.
8. If it hadn't been raining, we could have had lunch in the garden.
9. If Susan had got a watch, she wouldn't be often late for work.
10. If he didn't smoke forty cigarettes a day, he wouldn't cough a lot.
11. If I had a boat, I would sail around the world.
12. If they had had a garden, they would have grown vegetables.
13. If I had known his address, I would have given it to you.
14. If the doctor hadn't been so late, he could have seen many patients.
1. It takes me an hour to watch TV every day. => I spend an hour watching TV every day
2. Cat can' swim as xell as dogs can. => Dogs can swim better than cat can
3 Mary doesn't go to school because she is ill. => Because of her illness, Mary doesn't go to school
4. Although she had a good salary, he was unhappy in his job. => In spite of having a good salary, he was unhappy in his job
5. I would like you to put the chair away. => Do you mind putting the chair away ?
6. Is it really necessary for us to finish the work today. => Do we really need to finish the work today?
7. Learning about other cultures is one of my interest. => I'm interested in learning about other cultures
8. Unless he phones her immediately, he won't get any information. => If he doesn't phone her immediately, he won't get any imformation
9. It's a very difficult to leave here after such a long time. => It isn't easy to leave here after such a long time
10. " Why don't you put better lock on the door, Barbara " said John. => Jonh suggested Barbara put better lock on the door
11. It's the first time I've been to New York. => I haven't been to New York before
12. My French friend finds driving on the left difficult. => My French friend isn't used to driving on the left
1. It takes me an hour to watch TV every day.
=> I spend an hour watching TV every day
2. Cat can't swim as well as dogs can.
=> Dogs can swim better than cat
3 Mary doesn't go to school because she is ill.
=> Because of her illness , Mary doesn't go to school
4. Although she had a good salary, he was unhappy in his job.
=> In spite of having a good salary , he was unhappy in his job.
5. I would like you to put the chair away.
=> Do you mind putting the chair away
6. Is it really necessary for us to finish the work today.
=> Do we need to finish the work today
7. Learning about other cultures is one of my interest.
=> I'm interested in learning about other cultures
8. Unless he phones her immediately, he won't get any information.
=> If he doesn't phone her immediately, he won't get any information.
9. It's a very difficult to leave here after such a long time.
=> It isn't easy to leave here after such a long time
10. " Why don't you put better lock on the door, Barbara " said John.
=> Jonh suggested Barbara to put better lock on the door
11. It's the first time I've been to New York.
=> I haven't been to New York before
12. My French friend finds driving on the left difficult.
=> My French friend isn't used to driving on the left
Ex1: Rewrite the following sentences so that the second sentence means exactly the same as the sentence before it:
1. Although she was not beautiful, she took part in a beauty contest.
-> She wasn't beautiful but she took part in a beauty contest.
2. It was raining, so we decided to postpone our camping.
-> Since it was raining, we decided to postpone our camping.
3. She wants them to sing a song.
-> She suggests they should singing a song.
4. She couldn't come to class because of her illness.
-> As she was ill, she couldn't come to class.
5. She couldn't join us because she was busy.
-> She was busy, so she couldn't join us.
6. Because of having a lot of difficulties, she managed to sell the house.
-> As she had a lot of difficulties, she managed to sell house.
7. Shall we go to the cinema tonight ?
-> What about going to the cinema tonight?
8. They requested us to leave the place at once.
-> They suggested we leaving the place at once.
9. I stay at home because it is raining.
-> As it is raining, I stay at home.
10. She was tired and therefore wanted to go home.
-> She wanted to go home because of tiring
Ex2: Complete the sentences using and / but / so / or / because:
1. I like Linda very much ..but... I don't like her brother.
2. I'd like to live somewhere by the Mediterranean ..because... I love the Sun.
3. We enjoy learning English ....so..... we find it very difficult.
4. I can't go out tonight ....because..... I am short of money.
5. She went to the theatre last night ....and.... had a wonderful time.
6. They can't walk home ......because...... it is very dark.
7. Would you like to drink milk .....or....coffee ?
8. It's raining heavily, ....so.... I can't go out.
9. He did the tests well ...and...I did, too.
10. His life was hard ....but... he studied very well.
Ex3: Use connectives to combine each pair of the sentences:
1. He is very tired. He has to finish his homework. (but)
-> He is very tired but he has to finish his homework.
2. The room is very small. It's quite comfortable. (although)
-> Althought the room is small, it's quite comfortable.
3. They went for a walk. The weather was bad. (but)
-> The weather was bad but they went for a walk.
4. Our teacher didn't arrive late. The traffic was terrible. (although)
-> Althought the trafic was terrible, our teacher didn't arive late.
5. I like watching TV. I like going to the cinema. (and)
-> I like watching TV and going to the cinema.
6. She wears glasses. She wants to see better. (because)
-> She wears glasses because she wants to see better.
Study well. 
1. He is very tired. He has to finish his homework. (but)
-> He is very tired but he has to finish his homework.
2. The room is very small. It's quite comfortable. (although)
->Although the room is very small, It's quite comfortable.
3. They went for a walk. The weather was bad. (but)
-> The weather was bad but they went for a walk.
4. Our teacher didn't arrive late. The traffic was terrible. (although)
-> Although the traffic was terrible, our teacher didn't arrive late.
5. I like watching TV. I like going to the cinema. (and)
-> I like watching TV and going to the cinema.
6. She wears glasses. She wants to see better. (because)
-> She wears glasses because she wants to see better.
1. He isn't sociable so he doesn't have a lot of friends ( enough )
-> He isn't sociable enough to have a lot friends.
2. " Please explain the words to me " Mr. Been said
-> Mr. Been asked me to explain the words for him.
3. His plan is to take part in some outdoor activities
-> He is interested in taking part in some outdoor activities.
4. They spent more time than their schoolmates doing the task
-> Their schoolmates didn't spend as much time doing the task as they.
5. " Please sit down and foll out the application from with black ink yourself " Mr. Roberts said
-> Mr. Roberts asked me to sit down and foll out the application from with black ink myself.
6. The house is more modern than the apartment
-> The apartment isn't as modern as the house.
7. He changes the light bulb without standing on chair because he is tall ( enough )
-> He is tall enough to change the light bulb without standing on chair.
8. My plan is to revise all words and grammar the last time before taking the English exam next week
-> I am going to revise all words and grammar the last time before taking the English exam next week.
9. " Can you buy me the book, Lan ? "
-> Hoa told Lan to buy her the book.
10. Recycling paper and cans is necessary
-> It is necessary to recycle paper and cans.
III. Rewrite these sentences
2. He said to me: ''I will come here again tomorrow''
-> He told me he would come there again the next day.
4. The boy will be punished by his parents
-> His parents will punished the boy.
5. She đin't know where to put sugar and she asked the owner about it
-> She asked me Where to put sugar and the owner about it
6. They have just opened anew restaurant in that area
-> A new restaurant has been opened in that area
7. The mother said to her son: ''Do you know the address of your teacher?''
-> The mother asked her son If he knew the address of his teacher
8. They are going to hold a meeting tomorrow
-> A meeting is going to be held tomorrow
9. The workers built that bridge in 1987
-> That bridge was built in 1987 by the workers.
10. Mr John has just made a speech at the meeting
-> A speech has just been made at the meeting by Mr John
Rewrite each of the following sentences in another way so that it means almost the same as the sentence printed before it
1. He isn't sociable so he doesn't have a lot of friends ( enough )
-> He isn't sociable enough to have a lot of friends.
2. " Please explain the words to me " Mr. Been said
-> Mr. Been asked me to explain the words for him.
3. His plan is to take part in some outdoor activities
-> He is interested in taking part in some outdoor activities.
4. They spent more time than their schoolmates doing the task
-> Their schoolmates didn't spend as much time doing the task as they.
5. The house is more modern than the apartment
-> The apartment isn't as modern as the house.
6. He changes the light bulb without standing on chair because he is tall ( enough )
-> He is tall enough to change the light bulb.
7. My plan is to revise all words and grammar the last time before taking the English exam next week
-> I am going to revise all words and grammar the last time before talking the English exam next week.
76.You can try to get Tim to lend you his car,but you won't succeed
-> There is no point........in trying to get Tim to lend you his car.......
77.You can use my bike,but have to keep it carefully.
-> Provied............that you have to keep it carefully, you can use my bike.............
78.I expected them to offer me that job.
-> I expected........to be offered that job........
79.He remembered,and so did she.
-> He didn't..........forget and me too...........
80."Why don't you put your luggage under the seat,Hoa?" he asked.
-> He suggested.......that Hoa should put her luggage under the seat.........
81.Some paintings were stolen from the museum.The haven't been found yet.
-> The paintings..,which were stolen from the museum, haven't been found yet.....
82.Why don't you take that EL course?
-> If....I were you, I would take that EL course.......
83.She just had time to put up her umbrella before the rain came down in torrents.
-> No sooner....had she put up her umbrella than the rain came down in torrents......
84.Couldn't you find a better hotel?
-> Is this....the best hotel you could find?.....
Part II
86.Mary found it hard to concentrate on her book because of the noise.( difficulty)
->Mary.....had difficulty in concentrating on..her book because of the noise.
87.He put up a fance so that people didn't walk on his garden.(prevent)
-> He put up a fence....to preven people from walking.....on his garden.
88.I usually walk to work but today i drove.(instead)
->I drove to work today....instead of going on..... foot.
89.They have to finish all the reports before the meeting.(necessary)
->It's......necessary for them to finish...... all the reports before the meeting.
90."Is it raining outside?" asked Michael (know)
-> Michael wanted.......to know if it was..... raining outside.