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a) S = 5 + 52 + 53 + ... + 5100
=> S = ( 5 + 52 ) + ( 53 + 54 ) + ... + ( 599 + 5100 )
=> S = 5( 1 + 5 ) + 53( 1 + 5 ) + ... + 599( 1 + 5 )
=> S = 5 . 6 + 53 . 6 + ... + 599 . 6
=> S = ( 5 + 53 + ... + 599 ) . 6 chia hết cho 6
=> S chia hết cho 6
b) S1 = 2 + 22 + 23 + ... + 2100
=> S1 = ( 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 + 25 ) + ... + ( 296 + 297 + 298 + 299 + 2100 )
=> S1 = 2( 1 + 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 ) + ... +296( 1 + 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 )
=> S1 = 2 . 31 + ... + 296 . 31
=> S1 = ( 2 + ... + 296 ) . 31 chia hết cho 31
=> S1 chia hết cho 31
c) S2 = 165 + 215
=> S2 = ( 24 )5 + 215
=> S2 = 220 + 215
=> S2 = 220( 1 + 25 )
=> S2 = 220 . 33 chia hết cho 33
=> S2 chia hết cho 33
A=1+3+32+33+...+320
A=(1+3)+(32+33)+(34+35)+...+(319+320)
A= 4+32(1+3)+34(1+3)+......+319(1+3)
A=4+32.4+34.4+....+319.4
A=4.(32+34+...+319) =>A chia hết cho 4
0+(
A=3+32+33+34 = 3.(1+3)+33.(1+3)=3.4+33.4=4.(3+33) chia hết cho 4
B tương tự A
a) Đặt A = \(6^5.5-3^5\)
\(=\left(2.3\right)^5.5-3^5\)
\(=2^5.3^5.5-3^5\)
\(=3^5.\left(2^5.5-1\right)\)
\(=3^5.\left(32.5-1\right)\)
\(=3^5.159\)
\(=3^5.3.53⋮53\)
Vậy \(A⋮53\)
b) Đặt \(B=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{120}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\)
\(=2.\left(1+2\right)+2^3.\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{119}.\left(1+2\right)\)
\(=2.3+2^3.3+...+2^{119}.3\)
\(=3.\left(2+2^3+...+2^{59}\right)⋮3\)
Vậy \(B⋮3\)
\(B=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+...+\left(2^{118}+2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\)
\(=2.\left(1+2+2^2\right)+3^4.\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{118}.\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=2.7+2^4.7+...+2^{118}.7\)
\(=7.\left(2+2^4+...+2^{118}\right)⋮7\)
Vậy \(B⋮7\)
\(B=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5\right)+\left(2^6+2^7+2^8+2^9+2^{10}\right)\)
\(+...+\left(2^{116}+2^{117}+2^{118}+2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\)
\(=2.\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+2^6.\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\)
\(+2^{116}.\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\)
\(=2.31+2^6.31+...+2^{116}.31\)
\(=31.\left(2+2^6+...+2^{116}\right)⋮31\)
Vậy \(B⋮31\)
\(B=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6+2^7+2^8\right)+\left(2^9+2^{10}+2^{11}+2^{12}+2^{13}+2^{14}+2^{15}+2^{16}\right)\)
\(+...+\left(2^{113}+2^{114}+2^{115}+2^{116}+2^{117}+2^{118}+2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\)
\(=2.\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6+2^7\right)+2^9.\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6+2^7\right)\)
\(+...+2^{113}.\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6+2^7\right)\)
\(=2.255+2^9.255+...+2^{113}.255\)
\(=255.\left(2+2^9+...+2^{113}\right)\)
\(=17.15.\left(2+2^9+...+2^{113}\right)⋮17\)
Vậy \(B⋮17\)
c) Đặt C = \(3^{4n+1}+2^{4n+1}\)
Ta có:
\(3^{4n+1}=\left(3^4\right)^n.3\)
\(2^{4n}=\left(2^4\right)^n.2\)
\(3^4\equiv1\left(mod10\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3^4\right)^n\equiv1^n\left(mod10\right)\equiv1\left(mod10\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3^{4n+1}\equiv\left(3^4\right)^n.3\left(mod10\right)\equiv1.3\left(mod10\right)\equiv3\left(mod10\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Chữ số tận cùng của \(3^{4n+1}\) là \(3\)
\(2^4\equiv6\left(mod10\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2^4\right)^n\equiv6^n\left(mod10\right)\equiv6\left(mod10\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{4n+1}\equiv\left(2^4\right)^n.2\left(mod10\right)\equiv6.2\left(mod10\right)\equiv2\left(mod10\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Chữ số tận cùng của \(2^{4n+1}\) là \(2\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Chữ số tận cùng của C là 5
\(\Rightarrow C⋮5\)
A=5+52+53+54+..........+52000
A=(5+52)+(53+54)+..............+(51999+52000)
A=5(1+5)+53(1+5)+................+51999(1+5)
A=(1+5).(5+53+.............+51999)
A=6.(5+53+...............+51999)⋮6
=> A⋮6
\(A=2^1+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6+2^7+...+2^{99}\)
\(=\left(2^1+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+\left(2^7+2^8+2^9\right)+...+\left(2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}\right)\)
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^4\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^7\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{97}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=2.7+2^4.7+2^7.7+...+2^{97}.7\)
\(=\left(2+2^4+2^7+...+2^{97}\right).7⋮7\)
\(\Rightarrow A⋮7\)
A = 21 +22 +23 +24 +25 +26 +27 ….+ 299
A = (21 +22 +23) +(24 +25 +26) + ….+ (297+298+299)
A = 14 + (21.23 +22.23 +23.23) + ….+ (21.296+22.296+23.296)
A = 14 + 23(21+22+23) + ...... + 296(21+22+23)
A = 14.1 + 23.14 + ....... + 296.14
A = 14.(1+23+....+296)
14 \(⋮\) 7
=> A \(⋮\) 7 (đpcm)
=(5^1+5^2)+.....+(5^99+5^100)
=5^1*(1+5)+....+5^99*(1+5)
=5^1*^+....+5^99*6
=6*(5^1+....+5^10)
=>5^1+....+5^100 CHIA HẾT CHO 6 NK
Tuyệt vọng =)