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The photo goes with the first half of the dialogue because it shows Laurie bodyboarding. (Bức tranh đi với nửa đầu đoạn hội thoại vì nó thể hiện Laurie chơi lướt ván.)
Help me
PAPER RECYCLING
A Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. Unlike the minerals and oil used to make plastics and metals, trees are replaceable. Paper is also biodegradable, so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is discarded. While 45 out of every 100 tonnes of wood fibre used to make paper in Australia comes from waste paper, the rest comes directly from virgin fibre from forests and plantations. By world standards, this is a good performance since the worldwide average is 33 percent waste paper. Governments have encouraged waste paper collection and sorting schemes and at the same time, the paper industry has responded by developing new recycling technologies that have paved the way for even greater utilization of used fibre. As a result, industry’s use of recycled fibres is expected to increase at twice the rate of virgin fibre over the coming years.
B Already, waste paper constitutes 70% of paper used for packaging and advances in the technology required to remove ink from the paper have allowed a higher recycled content in newsprint and writing paper. To achieve the benefits of recycling, the community must also contribute. We need to accept a change in the quality of paper products; for example, stationery may be less white and of a rougher texture. There also needs to support from the community for waste paper collection programs. Not only do we need to make the paper available to collectors but it also needs to be separated into different types and sorted from contaminants such as staples, paperclips, string and other miscellaneous items.
C There are technical limitations to the amount of paper which can be recycled and some paper products cannot be collected for re-use. These include paper in the form of books and permanent records, photographic paper and paper which is badly contaminated. The four most common sources of paper for recycling are factories and retail stores which gather large amounts of packaging material in which goods are delivered, also offices which have unwanted business documents and computer output, paper converters and printers and lastly households which discard newspapers and packaging material. The paper manufacturer pays a price for the paper and may also incur the collection cost.
D Once collected, the paper has to be sorted by hand by people trained to recognise various types of paper. This is necessary because some types of paper can only be made from particular kinds of recycled fibre. The sorted paper then has to be repulped or mixed with water and broken down into its individual fibres. This mixture is called stock and may contain a wide variety of contaminating materials, particularly if it is made from mixed waste paper which has had little sorting. Various machineries are used to remove other materials from the stock. After passing through the repulping process, the fibres from printed waste paper are grey in colour because the printing ink has soaked into the individual fibres. This recycled material can only be used in products where the grey colour does not matter, such as cardboard boxes but if the grey colour is not acceptable, the fibres must be de-inked. This involves adding chemicals such as caustic soda or other alkalis, soaps and detergents, water-hardening agents such as calcium chloride, frothing agents and bleaching agents. Before the recycled fibres can be made into paper they must be refined or treated in such a way that they bond together.
E Most paper products must contain some virgin fibre as well as recycled fibres and unlike glass, paper cannot be recycled indefinitely. Most paper is down-cycled which means that a product made from recycled paper is of an inferior quality to the original paper. Recycling paper is beneficial in that it saves some of the energy, labour and capital that go into producing virgin pulp. However, recycling requires the use of fossil fuel, a non-renewable energy source, to collect the waste paper from the community and to process it to produce new paper. And the recycling process still creates emissions which require treatment before they can be disposed of safely. Nevertheless, paper recycling is an important economical and environmental practice but one which must be carried out in a rational and viable manner for it to be useful to both industry and the community.
i. Process of paper recycling
ii. Less threat of waste paper to the environment
iii. Collection of paper for recycling
iv. Sources of paper for recycling
v. Bad sides of paper recycling
vi. Contribution of community to recycling paper
Your answer:
1. Paragraph A ...........iii. Collection of paper for recycling............
2. Paragraph B ..........vi. Contribution of community to recycling paper.............
3. Paragraph C ...........iv. Sources of paper for recycling............
4. Paragraph D ............i. Process of paper recycling...........
5. Paragraph E ...........v. Bad sides of paper recycling............
1. Agree. Because going on adventures takes a lot of efforts and they need to be proud of that. (Đồng ý, đi thám hiểm cần nhiều công sức và họ nên tự hào vì điều đó.)
2. Agree. Adventures give people lots of knowledge and practical experience, and that is what companies are looking for in an employee.
(Đồng ý. Thám hiểm cho người ta nhiều kiến thức và kinh nghiệm thực tế, và đây là điều mà các công ty đang tìm kiếm ở một ứng viên.)
3. Agree. Well preparation will help people can easily deal with any problems coming up.
(Đồng ý. Chuẩn bị kỹ lưỡng giúp người ta có thể dễ dàng giải quyết những vấn đề phát sinh.)
4. Agree. Improving personal skills such as planning, flexibility, confidence,...
(Đồng ý. Cải thiện các kỹ năng cá nhân như lập kế hoạch; sự linh hoạt; sự tự tin…)
5. Disagree. Many teenagers don't want to become famous. They just want to study well, experience new things with their family or friends.
(Phản đối. Nhiều thiếu niên không muốn nổi tiếng. Họ chỉ muốn học tốt, trải nghiệm nhiều thứ mới với gia đình hoặc bạn bè.)
A: I think being a pilot is the best job. How about you?
B: I don’t think so. For me, being a chef is the best. It is an easy job with a high salary.
A: Oh, I dislike cooking. It is boring when you have to cook in the kitchen every day. The job is interesting with a high salary. It is also difficult and stressful, but you have a chance to travel around the world.
1. They are doing a haka, a traditional dance and chant. They are using their bodies, hands and legs to communicate.
(Họ đang thực hiện một haka, một điệu nhảy truyền thống và hát theo nhịp. Họ đang sử dụng cơ thể, tay và chân để giao tiếp.)
2. I use languages, facial expressions and eye contact to communicate with my family and friends.
(Tôi sử dụng ngôn ngữ, biểu cảm khuôn mặt và giao tiếp bằng mắt để giao tiếp với gia đình và bạn bè.)
Câu sửa lỗi sai thứ 3 mình không chắc chắn cho lắm.
EX1 :Read the text below and choose the correct word for each space. For each question 1 -10, mark the correct letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet.
Robots can work in places humans can't easily get to. These include deep oceans on distant planets or on sites with bad pollution. Robots are also used in factories (1) ________ they can work more quickly and accurately than a human, and without needing to rest. Improvements in technology over the past 50 years have (2) _______ that scientists are now able to create very clever robots. The most complicated of these can make (3) _______ for themselves, learn new things, and deal with problems. However, while robots that look like people are very common in science fiction films, they are very (4) _______ in real life. Making a machine that can balance and move on two legs is a real challenge and is unnecessary for most of the jobs we need robots to do for us. However, a Japanese robot (5)_____ as Asimo does walk on two legs and can even climb up and down stairs.
1. A. unless B. because C. although D. despite
2. A. intended B. supposed C. said D. meant
3. A. results B. decisions C. thoughts D. options
4. A. rare B. thin C. little D. narrow
5.A. called B. known C. named D. said
EX2: Mark the letter A,B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSET in meaning to the underline word(s) in each of the following question.
Her father died after he had brought up all of his children.
A. was in the dust
B. was out of this world
C. was the apple of her eyes
D. called it a day
1. d
2. a
3. d
4. a. false
b. false
5. b
6. e. hardest
c. heaviest