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\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot19.6\%}{98}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)
\(SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\)
\(0.4......................0.4\)
\(m_{SO_3}=0.4\cdot80=32\left(g\right)\)
\(b.\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{80\cdot19.6\%}{98}=0.16\left(mol\right)\)
\(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)
\(0.16..........0.16..............0.16\)
\(m_{MgO}=0.16\cdot40=6.4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=6.4+80=86.4\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%MgSO_4=\dfrac{0.16\cdot120}{86.4}\cdot100\%=22.22\%\)
a)
$SO_3 + H_2O \to H_2SO_4$
n SO3 = n H2SO4 = 200.19,6%/98 = 0,4(mol)
=> m = 0,4.80 = 32(gam)
b)
$MgO + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2O$
n MgSO4 = n MgO = n H2SO4 = 80.19,6%/98 = 0,16(mol)
=> m MgO = 0,16.40 = 6,4(gam)
Sau pư, m dd = 6,4 + 80 = 86,4(gam)
=> C% MgSO4 = 0,16.120/86,4 .100% = 22,22%
C là \(BaSO_4\), D là \(HCl\)
\(a,PTHH:BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+2HCl\\ n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{31,2}{208}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{BaSO_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=0,15\cdot233=34,95\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{HCl}=2n_{BaCl_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{HCl}}=0,3\cdot36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd_{HCl}}=31,2+100-34,95=96,25\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{96,25}\cdot100\%\approx11,38\%\)
a. PTHH: H2SO4 + 2NaOH ---> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
b. Ta có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{m_{H_2SO_4}}{300}.100\%=19,6\%\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=58,8\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{58,8}{98}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Ta lại có: \(C_{\%_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{m_{NaOH}}{200}.100\%=20\%\)
=> mNaOH = 40(g)
=> \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{40}{40}=1\left(mol\right)\)
Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,6}{1}>\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy H2SO4 dư.
=> \(m_{dd_{Na_2SO_4}}=300+40=340\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}.1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,5.142=71\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{71}{340}.100\%=20,88\%\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{20}{160}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
0,125 0,375 0,125 0,375
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,375.98.100}{25}=147\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,125.406}{20+147}\approx30,39\%\)
Bài 2:
a) PTHH: \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
b) Dung dịch A là dung dịch bazơ
Ta có: \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{3,1}{62}=0,05\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,1}{1}=0,1\left(M\right)\)
c) Sửa đề: dd H2SO4 9,8%
PTHH: \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot98}{9,8\%}=50\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{50}{1,14}\approx43,86\left(ml\right)\)
Bài 1:
PTHH: \(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot19,6\%}{98}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit còn dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuSO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot160}{200+16}\cdot100\%\approx14,81\%\\C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot98}{200+16}\cdot100\%\approx9,07\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) $2Al +3 H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
b) $n_{Al} = \dfrac{5,4}{27} = 0,2(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{H_2} = 0,3(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72(lít)$
c) $n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{H_2} = 0,3(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,3.98}{19,6\%} = 150(gam)$
$\Rightarrow m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 5,4 + 150 - 0,3.2 = 154,8(gam)$
$C\%_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{0,1.342}{154,8}.100\% = 22,09\%$
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2(mol)\\ a,PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ b,n_{H_2}=1,5.n_{Al}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)\\ c,n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{19,6\%}=150(g)\\ n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=0,5.n_{Al}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=\dfrac{0,1.342}{5,4+150-0,3.2}.100\%=22,09\%\)
nCuO=16/80=0,2(mol)
a) PTHH: CuO + 2HCl-> CuCl2 + H2O
0,2__________0,4________0,2(mol)
b) mHCl=0,4.36,5=14,6(g)
=>mddHCl=(14,6.100)/20=73(g)
c) mCuCl2= 135.0,2=27(g)
mddCuCl2= mCuO + mddHCl= 16+73=89(g)
=> C%ddCuCl2=(27/89).100=30,337%
Câu 9 : Số mol của đồng (II) oxit
nCuO = \(\dfrac{m_{CuO}}{M_{CuO}}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : CuO + 2HCl → CuCl2 + H2O\(|\)
1 2 1 1
0,2 0,4 0,2
b) Số mol của axit clohidric
nHCl = \(\dfrac{0,2.2}{1}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Khối lượng của axit clohidric
mHCl = nHCl . MHCl
= 0,4 . 36,5
= 14,6 (g)
Khối lượng của dung dịch axit clohidric
C0/0HCl = \(\dfrac{m_{ct}.100}{m_{dd}}\Rightarrow m_{dd}=\dfrac{m_{ct}.100}{C}=\dfrac{14,6.100}{20}=73\left(g\right)\)
c) Số mol cuả đồng (II) clorua
nCuCl2 = \(\dfrac{0,4.1}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Khối lượng của đồng (II) clorua
mCuCl2 = nCuCl2 . MCuCl2
= 0,2. 135
= 27 (g)
Khối lượng của dung dịch sau phản ứng
mdung dịch sau phản ứng = mCuO + HCl
= 16 + 73
= 89 (g)
Nồng độ phần trăm của đồng (II) clorua
C0/0CuCl2 = \(\dfrac{m_{ct}.100}{m_{dd}}=\dfrac{27.100}{89}=30,34\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
b) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.2}{1}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6.100}{100}=14,6\)0/0
c) \(n_{ZnCl2}=\dfrac{0,4.1}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{ZnCl2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=13+100-\left(0,2.2\right)=112,6\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{ZnCl2}=\dfrac{27,2.100}{112,6}=24,16\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.2........0.4..........0.2.......0.2\)
\(m_{HCl}=0.4\cdot36.5=14.6\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{14.6}{100}\cdot100\%=14.6\%\)
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0.2\cdot136=27.2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=13+100-0.2\cdot2=112.6\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{27.2}{112.6}\cdot100\%=24.1\%\)
\(m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{200\cdot20}{100}=40\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n=0,1mol\)
\(Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6NaOH\rightarrow2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow+3Na_2SO_4\)
0,1 0,6 0,2 0,3
a)\(m_{NaOH}=0,6\cdot40=24\left(g\right)\)
b)\(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,2\cdot107=21,4\left(g\right)\)
c)\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,3\cdot142=42,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddsau}=200+24-21,4=202,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%=\dfrac{42,6}{202,6}\cdot100\%=21,03\%\)
a) 2NaOH + H2SO4 -- Na2SO4 + 2H2O
b) \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{100.20}{100.40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2NaOH + H2SO4 -- Na2SO4 + 2H2O
______0,5----->0,25------>0,25
=> mH2SO4 = 0,25.98 = 24,5 (g)
=> \(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{24,5.100}{19,6}=125\left(g\right)\)
c) mNa2SO4 = 0,25.142 = 35,5 (g)
mdd sau pư = 100 + 125 = 225 (g)
=> \(C\%\left(Na_2SO_4\right)=\dfrac{35,5}{225}.100\%=15,778\%\)