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I. Fill each blank
1. He knows a lot of people who live in Dalat
2. Where is the book that he gave you on your birthday ?
3. A deaf person is the one who is not able to hear
4. I met the girl whom you talked about last night
5. This is the woman whose daughter is a doctor
6. I can’t come to your party, what is a pity
7. What’s the name of the girl whose house has just been sold ?
8. The boy who broke the window was arrested
9. The man whom we met is working in my office
10. The boy whose sister works for your father is my classleader
11.We will soon gather at the village where the festival is taking place
12.Do you know the mane of the tourist who came and talked about New Year in Canada?
13.I’m looking for a book which tells us about traditional festivals of Asian people
14.I couldn’t go to the show which was held in Hoi An last summer
15.This is the photo of a Hero whom our teacher talked about in the lecture
16.My brother has told me about the festival which is held in Hue City every twoyears
17. I recently visited the school which I used to study five years ago
18. I coundn't understand the dance which I saw at the festival last spring
19. I'm really intersted in the present which you gave me on my birthday
20. Have you seen the photos which I took at the camp last spring
21. Stop him. He's the man who stolen my wallet
22. There are many people whose lives have been spoiled by that factory
23. Is that the button that you preesed?
24. The firm, which employs five hundred people, makes video recoders
25. My boss, who work takes him to a lot of different countries, has decided he needs an assistant in London. That's me
26. The work, which increases a lot when the boss is away, is always interesting
27. Vicky, whose name was missed off the list, was not pleased
28. The picture which Laura painted is being shown in an exhibition
29. Aunt Joan, who is a bit deaf, didn't here the phone
30. Henry, whom you'll meet tomorrow, is also the member of the board
31. The concert which we're looking forward to is next Saturday
32. Many people who moved form the country are now returning to the city
33. A pacifist is a person who believes that all wars are wrong
34. An orphan is a child whose parents are dead
35. I don't know the name of the woman whom I met yesterday
36. The woman whom I wanted to see was away on holiday
37. A coward is someone who is not brave
38. The girl who was injured in the accident is in the hospital now
29. I met Jane's father who works at the university
II. Combine 2 sentences using relative clauses
1. I bought a motor. I can use it to travel to work every day
=> I bought a motor which I can use to travel to work every day
2. My cell phone has become necessary part of my life. I only bought it a month ago
=> My cellphone, which I only bought a month ago, has become necessary part of my life
3. My roomate has never been on the Internet. She is afraid of computer
=> My roomate, who is afraid of computer, has never been on the Internet
4. Some people dream of a job. They can do the job without technology
=> Some people dream of a job that they can do without technology
5. The man is a computer expert. You were talking to him
=> The man whom you were talking to is a computer expert
6. Some documents have been found. They were stolen from a car
=> Some documents which were stolen from a car have been found
7. Marta has a brother. Her brother's name is Manuel
=> Marta has a brother whose name is Manuel
8. Show me the shoes. You bought them yesterday
=> Show me the shoes which you bought yesterday
9. Edward has just moved to France. His mother died last year
=> Edward, whose mother died last year, has just moved to France
10. That man looks very lonely. He lives in the next floor
=> That man who lives in the next floor looks very lonely
11. The house is empty now. I used to live there
=>The house which I used to live is empty now
12. We often go to the town culture house. The town culture house always opens on public holidays
=> We often go to the town culture house which always opens on public holidays
13. I like reading books. Books tell about different peoples and their cultures
=> I like reading books which tell about different peoples and their cultures
14. My aunt Judy id the woman. She is holding Jack
=> My aunt Judy is the woman who is holdingJack
15. Linda is the girl. She is giving my mom a present
=> Linda is the girl who is giving my mom a present
16. That is the man. He bought her car last month
=> That is the man who bought his car last month
17. Those are the books. He has just bought them from the bookstore
=> Those are the books which he has just bought from the bookstore
18. The students are from China. They are sitting in the front row
=> The students who are sitting in the front row are from China
19. I like the girl. I met her at the party last night
=> I like the girl whom I met at the party last night
20. The boy is very happy. He won the race yesterday
=> The boy who won the race yesterday is very happy
21. The teacher liked the composition. She wrote it last Monday
=> The teacher liked the composition that she wrote it last Monday
22. The people are very friendly. We visited the two week ago
=> The people whom we visited the two week ago are very friendly
23. The book is very interesting. It was written by Jane Austen
=> The book which was written by Jane Austen is very interesting
24. The lady gave me good advice. I spoke to her an hour ago
=> The lady whom I spoke to an hour ago gave me a good advice
25. Is that the computer. Your father bought it last month?
=> Is that the computer which your father bought it last month?
26. Mr Nam is an experienced doctor. His house is near mine
=> Mr Nam, whose house is near mine, is an experienced doctor
27. The records are mostly classical. He owns them
=> The records which he owns are mostly classical
28. I saw some people and some animals. They were working on the farm
=> I saw some people and some animals that were working on the farm
29. My husband sent me this postcard. He is on a business trip to Rome all this week
=> My husband, who is on a business trip to Rome all this week, sent me this postcard
30. He is the famous scientist. Many books have been written about him
=> He is the famous scientist whose many books have been written about him
31. I've seen the little girl and her puppy. They've lived next door for ages
=> I've seen the little girl and her puppy that have lived next door for ages
32. The loud noise woke everybody up. He made the noise
=> The loud noise that he made woke everybody up
33. The birthday party was too noisy. We went to it
=> The birthday party that we went to was too noisy
34. Who was that boy? You were with him this morning
=> Who was that boy you were with him this morning ?
35. I don't like the tie. John was wearing it
=> I don't like the tie which John was wearing
36. Have you found the keys? You have lost them
=> Have you found the keys which you have lost ?
37. I like the dress. Trang is wearing it
=> I like the dress which Trang is wearing
38. The fish is really delicious, we had it for dinner
=> The fish which we had for dinner is really delicious
39. We stay at the hotel. Peter recommended it
=> We stay at the hotel which Peter recommended
40. The church is 200 years old. Our class visited it
=> The church that our class visited is 200 years old
41. The film was interesting. I watch it on TV last night
=> The film that I watch on TV last night was interesting
I:Rewrite the following sentences using "because of"instead of "because"
1.English is learned by millions of students because it is important
-> English is learned by millions of students because of its importance
2.We couldn't go out because the weather was not fine
->We couldn't go out because of the bad weather
3.These students arrived late because they had an accident
->These students arrived late because of an accident
4.M.r Baker and M.r Yamamoto can't understand each other because their languages are different
->.M.r Baker and M.r Yamamoto can't understand each other because of their different languages
5.Nick is often punished because he is lazy
->Nick is often punished because of his laziness
6.These persons live unhappily because they are very poor
->.These people live unhappily because of their poverty
7.All the students love the principal because he is very kind
->All the students love the principal because of his kindness
II:Rewrite the following sentences using "Because"instead of "Because OF"
1.We respected Mr.Lung because of his honesty
->We respected Mr.Lung because he is honest
2.My friend was absent because of his illness
->My friend was absent because he was ill
3.This boy is ignorant because of his laziness
->This boy is ignorant because he is lazy
4.Because of the invention of computers,puplis no longer spend much time in calculating
->.Because people invented the computers, puplis no longer spend much time in calculating
5.Because of my friend's absence.I have to coppy the lesson for him.
.->Because my friend is absent, I have to coppy the lesson for him.
6.Our guests aeeived late because of the bad weather.
->Our guests aeeived late because the weather was bad
7.I catch cold now because of going out in the rain yesterday
->..I catch cold now because i went out in the rain yesterday
III:Change clauses of concession to phrases:ALTHOUGH//THOUGH <<=>>DESPITE//IN SPITE OF
1.Lam didn't eat much though she was hungry
->lam didn't eat much despite her hunger
2.Trí couldn't solve the problem though he is good at maths
->.Trí couldn't solve the problem despite being good at maths
3.M.r Pike doesn't wear glasses though he is over sixty
->M.r Pike doesn't wear glasses in spite of his old age
4.Although he had much experience in machinery,he didn't succeed in repairing this machine
->in spite of his experience in machinery,he didn't succeed in repairing this machine
5.Although it got dark ,they continued to work
->despite the darkness, they continued to work
6.Although it was noisy ,Chou kept on studying
->in spite of the noise, Chou kept on studying
7.Although it rained heavily,I went to school on time
->despitethe heavy rain, ,I went to school on time
8.The flight was not delayed though it was foggy
->.the flight was not delayed despite the fog
9.Viet ate all the fruits though they were green
->.Viet ate all the fruits despite their green
10.We did the test well though it was difficullt
->We did the test well in spite of its difficulty
11.Although he is strong ,I'm not afraid of him
->despite his strength, I'm not afraid of him
12.Everybody has great regard for him though he is poor
->Everybody has great regard for him in spite of his poverty
13.The plane took off though the weather was bad
->The plane took off in spite of the bad weather
14.He didn't stop his car though the traffic lights turned red
-> He didn't stop his car despite the traffic lights' turning red
15.He studies hard though his life was hard at that time
-> He studies hard in spite of his hard life at that time
16.Although the streets are narrow ,many people drive cars in this city
->.despite the narrow streets, many people drive cars in this city
17.Although his english was good,he wasn't chosen
->despite his good englush, he wasn't chosen
18.Although he's got an English name,he is in fact Vietnamese
->.in spite of his English name,he is in fact Vietnamese
19.He awlays studies hard though he encounters difficult
->He awlays studies hard despite encountering difficult
20.Although the weather is bad e are going to have a picnic,w
->in spite of the bad weather, we are going to have a picnic
21.Although he had not finished the paper,he went to sleep
->despite having not finished the paper,he went to sleep
22.She attended the class although she didn't feel alert.
-> She attended the class in spite of not feeling alert.
23.The child ate the cookies even though his mother had told him not to.
-> The child ate the cookies in spite of his mother's telling him not to
24.She drank coffee to keep herself warm although she disliked it
-> She drank coffee to keep herself warm despite disliking it
25.Mary will takes a plane even though she dislikes flying
->. Mary will takes a plane in spite of her disliking flying
26.Although Tram was sad,she managed to smile
->.despite Tram's sadness, she managed to smile
27.The old woman told interesting stories to the children although her memory was poor.
-> The old woman told interesting stories to the children in spite of her poor memory
28.Though he had been absent frequently ,he was managed tp pass the test
->in spite of his frequent absence ,he was managed tp pass the test
29.He ate the chocolate cake even though he was on diet
->. .He ate the chocolate cake in spite of his diet
30.Although the prices are high,my daughters insist on buying a new motorbike
->.despite the high prices, my daughters insist on buying a new motorbike
I. Rewrite the following sentences
1. My father said I could use his car
=> My father allowed me to use his car
2. Scientist began to carry out researches on AIDS in 1980
=> Researches on AIDS began to be carried out in 1980 by scientist
3. That girl is very beautiful
=> How beautiful girl is !
4. The last time I wrote to him was in 1996
=> I haven't written to him since 1996.
5. It took him onl ten minutes to get there
=> He spent only ten minutes getting there.
6. I didn't meet him yesterday so I couldn't tell him about that
=> If I had met him yesterday, I could have told him about that.
7. Could you turn the radio down please?
=> Would you mind turning the radio down ?
8. The man was very tired, so he didn't answer my question
=> The man was too tired to answer my question.
9. Nobody could move the piano. It was too heavy
=> It was such a heavy piano that nobody could move it.
10. You'd better apologize to Sally
=> I advice you to apologize to Sally.
11. The last time I saw her was in 1985
=> I haven't seen her since 1985.
12. That meal was excellent
=> How excellent meal was!
13. That factory is producing more and more pollution
=> More and more pollution is being produced by that factory.
14. We must leave now or we'll miss the train
=> If we don't leave now, we'll miss the train
15. She is a faster and more careless driver than I am
=> She drives more fast and more carelessly than I do.
16. How old do you think this building is?
=> When do you think this building was built?
17. He is sorry now that he didn't invite Jane to his party
=> He wishes that he had invited Jane to his party.
18. This furniture is so old that it is not worth keeping
=> This is such so furniture that it is not worth keeping.
19. We spent five hours getting to London
=> It took us five hours to get to London.
20. When I arrived in London, I wrote a letter home
=> On my arrival to London, I wrote a letter home.
II. Rewrite these sentences as directed in parentheses
1. All the teachers love him because his behaviour is good
=> Because of his good behaviour, all the teachers love him.
2. He gave up his job because he was ill
=> Because of his illness, he gave up his job.
3. Because of the darkness, he couldn't read the letter
=> Because it was dark, he couldn't read the letter.
4. Mr. David no longer works here
=> No longer does Mr David work here.
5. I didn't have time. I didn't go shopping
=> If I had had time, I would have gone shopping.
6. They had converted the major part of the temple into ''Lenin's room''
=> The major part of the temple had been converted into ''Lenin's room''
7. I'm sorry that I didn't learnt to type
=> I wish I had learnt to type.
8. She has to quit smoking or she will die
=> If she doesn't quit smoking, she will die.
9. He spent a whole day repairing the radio
=> It took him a whole day repairing the radio.
10. More newspapers are being sold in this city
=> People are selling more newspapers in this city.
11. She sings more beautifully than you do
=> You don't sing as beautifully as she does.
12. You had to pay the bill before the fifth of the month
=> The bill had to be paid before the fifth of the month.
13. The tea was too hot for her to drink
=> The tea was so hot that she couldn't drink it.
14. If is doesn't rain, they will go for a picnic
=> Unless it rains, they will go for a picnic
15. The child will die it nobody sends for a doctor
=> Unless somebody sends for a doctor, the child will die.
16. I don't have enough money, so I can't buy a computer
=> If I had enough money , I could buy a computer.
17. If you don't rest yourself you will be ill
=> Unless you rest yourself, you will be ill.
18. It was such a crazy story that nobody belive it
=> The story was so crazy that nobody believe it.
19. They had such a good crop that they decided to give a party
=> Their crop was so good that they decided to give a party.
20. ''How long will it take us to get there?'' she said
=> She wanted to know how long it would take them to get there.
EXERCISE I:Write who, that, which, or nothing to complete these sentences :
1.Have you got the money _____which______ I lent you yesterday ?
2.Peter, _____whom______ I had seen earlier, wasn’t at the party. 3.This is the machine ______which_____ cost half a million pounds.
4.Mary, ______who_____ had been listening to the conversation, looked angry.
5.Have you read the book ___which________ I gave you ?
6.The hous, ______which_____ they bought three months ago, looks lovely.
7.Mrs.Jackson, ___who________ had been very ill, died yesterday.
8.Is this the person ___who________ stole your handbag ?
9.The dog, ______which_____ had been very quiet, suddenly started barking.
10.I didn’t receive the letters __which_________ she sent me.
11.My mother, ________who___ hadn’t been expecting visitors, looked surprised.
12.The old man, _who_____ had been talking to them earlier, knew that they were in thebuilding.
13.The horse, _____which____ had been injured by the flying stones, was very frightened.
14.We didn’t like the secetary __whom_________ the agency sent.
15.I didn’t find the money ______which_____ you said you’d left.
EXERCISE I:Write who, that, which, or nothing to complete these sentences :
1.Have you got the money ___that________ I lent you yesterday ?
2.Peter, _____that______ I had seen earlier, wasn’t at the party.
3.This is the machine ____which_______ cost half a million pounds.
4.Mary, ______who_____ had been listening to the conversation, looked angry.
5.Have you read the book ___that________ I gave you ?
6.The hous, _____which______ they bought three months ago, looks lovely.
7.Mrs.Jackson, _____who______ had been very ill, died yesterday.
8.Is this the person ____who_______ stole your handbag ?
9.The dog, _____which______ had been very quiet, suddenly started barking.
10.I didn’t receive the letters ____that_______ she sent me.
11.My mother, _____who______ hadn’t been expecting visitors, looked surprised.
12.The old man, __who____ had been talking to them earlier, knew that they were in thebuilding.
13.The horse, _____which____ had been injured by the flying stones, was very frightened.
14.We didn’t like the secetary ____which_______ the agency sent.
15.I didn’t find the money _____which______ you said you’d left.
I. Rewrite the following sentences
1. My father often walks in the park with my mother every morning
=> My father often has a walk in the park with my mother every morning.
2. They seldom went to the cinema last year
=> Seldom went they to the cinema last year.
3. We didn't intend to go for a walk with them
=> We had not intention to go for a walk with them.
4. He doesn't smoke anymore, but he smoked a lot 2 year ago
=> He used to smoke a lot 2 years ago but he doesn't anymore.
5. Apples are usually cheaper than oranges
=> Apples are not usually as expensive as oranges.
6. My salary is high but his is very high
=> His salary is higher than my salary.
7. I can't cook as well as my mother does
=> My mother cooks better than I do.
8. Unless it stops raining, we won't go out
=> If it doesn't stop raining, we won't go out.
9. She didn't cook as well as you did
=> You cooked better than she does.
10. Unless someone has a key, we can't get into the house
=> We can only get into the house if someone has the key
11. Because of being careful, she didn't make any mistakes in her answers
=> Because she was careful, she didn't make any mistakes in her answers.
12. She said ''I'll spend my holiday in Italy next year''
=> She said that she would spend her holiday in Italy the next year.
13. She didn't buy it because the price was too high
=> Because of the high price, she didn't buy it.
14. We didn't go on holiday because we didn't have enough mone
=> If we had had enough money, we would have gone on holiday.
15. The question was so difficult that we can't answer it
=> The question was too difficult for us to answer.
II. Write the following sentences as directed
1. She has just completed the picture. The composition of the picture was suggested by me
=> The picture whose composition was suggested by me has just been completed.
2. Such a situation should never again be allowed to arise
=> Never again should never such a situation again be allowed to arise.
3. If you want to make your life worth living, make yourself useful
=> Making youself useful in order to make your life worth living.
4. They said he had left Paris secretly in his private car
=> It was said that he had left Paris secretly in his private car.
5. Tom didn't do his test well because he didn't study his lessons carefully
=> If Tom had studied his lessons carefully, he would have done his test well.
6. They had such a good crop that they decided to give a party
=> The crop was so good that they decided to give a party.
7. He made a great discovery. He took pride in it
=> He took pride in having made a great discovery.
8. You may be intelligent, but you should be careful about this
=> No matter how intelligent you are, you should be careful about this.
9. He asked me if I was ready to carry out other assignments
=> He said to me ''Are you ready to carry out other assignments ?''
10. ''Which of you has put the ink on my chair?'' The teacher said
=> The teacher asked me which of me had put the ink on her chair.
1. Our English teacher is Eric. My cousin used to work with him
-> Our English teacher is Eric whom My cousin used to work with
3.It rained yesterday. They did'n go out for lunch
->If It hadn't rained yesterday,they would have gone out for lunch
4.Mai can't buy the dictionary because she doesn't have enough money
-> If Mai had enough money,she could buy the dictionary
5.The coffee is so hot that I can't drink it
-> The coffee is too hot for me to drink
6.He began learning English in 2010
->He has learnt English since 2010
9.It was very cold yesterday, so we couldn't go swimming
->If It hadn't been cold yesterday, we could have gone swimming
10.The bookshelf was too high for his soon to reach
->The bookshelf was so high that his soon couldn't reach it
11. We stared working in this company for 5 years
->We have been working in this company for 5 years
12.Many people are out of work because that factory closes down
->If that factory didn't close down,Many people wouldn't be out of work
13.I don't know the name of the woman. I met her at the bus station yesterday
->I don't know the name of the woman whom I met at the bus station yesterday
14. The man who spoke to John is his Math teacher
->The man speaking to John is his Math teacher
viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi
1)It's difficult to get a good iob
>>Getting a good job is difficult
2) His pronounciation is hard to understand
>>It's hard to understand his pronounciation
3)It's difficult for us to answer this question
>>This question is too difficult for us to answer
4)Learning English is interesting
>>It is interesting to learn English
5)We couldn't answer this question because it was very hard
>>The question was so hard that we couldn't answer
6)Speaking English fluently is not easy
>>It is not easy to speak English fluently
7)It was impossible to work in that condition
>>Working in that condition was impossible
8)I fell asleep because the film was so boring
>>The film was so boring that I fell asleep
9) I'm too poor to take a space trip
>>I'm not rich enough to take a space trip
10)He is too short to be a goalkeeper
>> He isn't tall enough to be a goalkeeper
11) I đin't want to turn the TV off because it was a very good film
>>The film was so good that I didn't want to turn the TV off
14)He climbed the tre in order to geta better view
>>He climbed the tree in order that he could get a better view
>>He climbed the tree so that he could get a better view
15)You should get up early so that you will have time to review your lesson
>>You should get up early to have time to review your lesson
>>You should get up early in order that you will have time to review your lesson
1, If Alice hadn't been delayed in the traffic, she would be here by now. (PREVENTED)
=> The traffic prevented Alice from arriving on time.
2, It's a long time since our last conversation.(SPOKEN)
=> We haven't spoken to each other for a long time.
3, I was strongly impressed by the performance of that young singer.(IMPRESSION).
=> The performance of that young singer left a strong impression on me.
4, John failed to find the source of the River Nile.(SUCCED)
=> John didn't succeed in finding the source of the River Nile.
5, Without tourism, this area wouldn't have much income.(DEPENDS)
=> This area mostly depends on tourism for its income.
6, Roger doesn't play tennis as well as he used to.
=> Roger used to play tennis as well as
7, I don't have enough money with me now; otherwise I will buy that coat.
=> If I had enough money, I would buy that coat
8, She thought it was too difficult for her to finish her work by lunch time.
=> She found it difficult to finish her work by lunch time.
9, He speaks more persuaviely than his brother.
=> He is a more persuasive speaker than his brother is
10, " Shall I carry the suitcase for you, Pauline?" said John.
=> John offered Pauline to carry the suitcase for him
11, You need't go to that meeting.
=> It isn't necessary to go that meeting
13, It was wrong of you to allow a three-year-old child to walk home alone.
=> You should not have allowed a four-year-old child to walk home alone.
14, They decided to divide the money between the windows of the lifeboatmen.
=> They decided that the money will be divide between the widows of the lifeboatmen.
15, Keith certainly can't be held responsible for the accident.
=> In no way can Keith be held responsible for the accident.
29. The police continued to watch the house.=> the police carried on watching the house
30. Mr. John gave an interesting speech. => mr john spoke an interesting speech
31. The sight was right in front of him but he didn't notice it.=> although the sight was right in front of him, he didn't notice it
32. The woman was terribly upset. He dog was run over. => the woman whose dog was run over was terribly upset
34. Les't go abroard for our holiday this year. =>why don't we go abroard for our holiday this year?
35. I fall asleep as the film was so boring. => I fall asleep because of the boring film
38. My students are very good at mathematic. => my students study Mathematic very well
39. This is the most modern building in this area. => no building in this area is as modern as this one.
40. I asked the students to complete these tasks yesterday. => I had these tasks completed by the students yesterday.
47. John drives more carefully than his brother. => john's brother doesn't drive as carefully as he.
48. They were such difficult questions that we couldn't answer them.=> the questions were so difficult that we couldn’t answer them.
49. Lan didn't go to the school last Monday because she was sick => because of her sickness, Lan didn’t go to the school last Monday.
50 why don't you bring your brother to the party? => I suggest that he (should) bring his brother to the party.