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1. He began to give up smoking last year.
-> he has given up smoking since last year
2. They began to Hue in Ho Chỉ Minh City in 2000.
->they have been to Hue in Ho Chỉ Minh City since 2000
3.He started to leam how to plạy the piano in 2005,
->He has learnt how to plạy the piano since 2005
4. When did you start learning English?
->How long have you learnt E ?
5. How long bave you learnt English? ,
->When did you start learning English
6. When dịd you first know Mrayam?
->How long is it since you first knew Mrayam?
7. When did people first use the telephone?
->How long is it since people first used the telephone?
8. When did you start saving money?
->How long have you saved money ?
9. The last time I wrote to hẹr was two years ago.
->I haven"t written to her for two years
10. I hasn't rained for two months.
->The last time it rained was two months ago
11.I last talked to her in 2004.
->l haven't talked to her since 2004
12.It has been a long time since Lan left her school.
-> Lan has left her school for a long time
13. He hasn"t Written to me for two months,
->it has been two months since he wrote to me
14, She last heard that song three years ago.
->It's three years since I last heard that song
15.. It's two yesrs since I saw hẹr.
-> I haven't seen her for two years
16. It's ten years since Nam stopped playing the piano.
->Mary hasn't played the piano for ten years
17. Mary was last seen 20 minutes ago.
->Mary hasn't seen for 20 minutes
18.The last time I saw David was in 1995
->I haven't seen David since 1995
19.We haven't been to a concert for over a year.
->The last time we were to a concert was over a year ago
20.Your birthday party was the last time I really enjoyed myself
->I haven't enjoyed myself since your birthday party
3.It's nearly 20 years since my father saw his brother.
->My father hasn't seen his brother for nearly 20 years
4.Tom went to Scotland last Friday and is still there.
->Tom has gone to Scotland since Friday and is still there.
5.When did you last ride a bike?
->How long is it since you last rode a bike?
6.The last time I went swimming was when I was in France
->I haven't gone swimming since I was in France
7.You haven't tidied up this room for weeks.
->It's weeks since you tidied up this room
8.He was last in touch with me there weeks ago.
-> He hasn't touched with me for three weeks
9.Mr John hasn't visited France since 1990
The last time Mr John visited France was in 1990
#Yumi
1. Speaking English fluently is not easy.
=> It. not easy to speak Eg fluently
2. You remembered to post the letter, didn’t you?
=>You didn’t remember to post the letter, did you?
3. It is a six hours flight from London to New York.
=> It takes six hours to fly from London to New York.
4. He not only spent all his money; he even borrowed some from me.
=> Not only did he spend all his money but also borrowed some from me.
5. We spent our childhood in that beautiful mountain resort, and we always remember it.
=> We always remember our childhood in that beautiful mountain resort,
6. The circus shows are exciting. The whole family enjoy them.
=> The circus shows are exciting for the whole family to enjoy
7. Le Van Tam was very brave. Everyone admired him.
=> Le Van Tam was so brave that Everyone admired him.
8. The problem is so difficult that I can’t explain it.
=> This is such a difficult problem that I can’t explain it.
9. The fire has destroyed almost all the houses in the neighbourhood.
=> Almost all the houses in the neighbourhood have been destroyed by the fire
10. The robbers made the bank manager hand over the money.
=> The bank manager was made to hand over the money the the robbers
11. “I don’t remember what I did yesterday.” she said.
=> She told me that she didn't remember what she had done the day before
12. He got in trouble because he didn’t take my advice.
=> If he had taken my advice,he wouldn't have got into trouble
13/The desk was too heavy. She couldn’t move it.
=> The desk was so jeavy that She couldn’t move it.
14/ I walked to school in 20 minutes
=> It took me 20 minutes to walk to school
15/ He spent all his money. He even borrowed some from me
=> Not only did He spend all his money but also borrowed some from me
16/ In spite of the heavy rain, my father went to work
=> Although it rained heavily, my father went to work
17/ After the beginning of the opera, late-comers had to wait before taking their seats
=> Once the opera began, late-comers had to wait before taking their seats
18/ He had hardly left the office when the telephone rang.
=> No sooner had He left the office when the telephone rang.
19/ The fields are very fertile. They plant potatoes in those field.
=> The fields where They plant potatoes are very fertile.
20/ The woman was a secretary. We are waiting for her.
=> The woman who We are waiting for was a secretary.
21/ I don’t have a car.
=> I wish I had a car
22/ They didn’t talk to each other two week ago.
=> They haven’t talked to each other for two weeks
23/ Mr. Clark bought a new car although we advised him against it.
=> Despite advising him against it,Mr. Clark bought a new car
24/ I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.
=> Hardly had I just put the phone down when the boss rang back.
25/ My mother was the most warm-hearted person I’ve ever known.
=> I’ve never known a more warm-hearted person than my mother
26/ They never made us do anything we didn’t want to.
=> We were never made to do anything we didn’t want to.
27/ The patient recovered more rapidly than we expected. [recovery]
=> The patient made a recovery rapidly than we expected.
28. Tom is so clever that he can learn this language in a short time.
=> Tom can learn this language in a short time because he is clever
29. I’m sorry I don’t go with you.
=> I wish I could go with you
30. Does he play football wonderfully?
=> Is he good at playing football
31. We started watching TV two hours ago.
=> We’ve watched Tv for two hours
32. We do not study as well as they do.
=> They study better than us
33. She took me to the cinema yesterday.
=> I was taken to the cinema yesterday.
34. When did you work for that company?
=> How long have you worked for that company?
35. They invited everyone to the meeting
=> Everyone was invited to the meeting
36.Cars cause pollution but people still want them.
=> Although Cars cause pollution ,people still want them.
37. But for your help I couldn’t do that.
=> If . it hadn't been for your help, I couldn’t do that.
38. Gary danced so badly that people stopped to watch him.
=> Gary was such a bad dancer that people stopped to watch him.
39. He succeeded in his life although he came a poor family.
=> Despite coming a poor family,He succeeded in his life
40. Though it was raining hard, they insisted on leaving.
=> In spite of raining hard, they insisted on leaving.
1. Why don't we go for a picnic on the weekend?
=> Let's going for a picnic on the weekend
2. Let's go to work by bus.
=> What about going to work by bus. ?
3. Nga is a good English speaker.
=> Nga speaks English well
4. Unless you get a visa. You can't visit the United States.
=> If you get a visa , you can visit the United States.
5. If you don't succeed, you'll have to try it again.
=> Unless you succeed, you'll have to try it again.
6. I suggest collecting unused cothes.
=> Let's collect unused clothes.
7. Ba is tired. He stayed up late watching TV.
=> Because Ba stayed up late watching TV , he is tired
8. Hoa was careless, so broke the cup.
=> Since Hoa was careless, she broke the cup
9. We were disappointed. She didn't keep her promise. (Adj + that)
=> We were disappointed that she didn't keep her promise
10. It was raining, so we decided to postpone our camping.
=> Since it was raining, we decided to postpone our camping
11. She wants them to sing a song.
=> She suggests they singing a song
12. She couldn't join us beacause she was busy.
=> She was busy, so she couldn't join us
13. Shall we go to the cinema tonight?
=> What about going to the cinema tonight?
14. Why don't we use energy-saving bulbs?
=> I suggest using energy-saving bulbs?
15. Although she was not beatiful, she took part in a beauty contest.
=> She wasn't beatiful but she took part in a beauty contest.
16. Work hard and you'll pass the exam.
=> If you work hard , you'll pass the exam.
17. If you don't start working hard now, you won't be able to pass the final exam.
=> Unless you start working hard now, you won't be able to pass the final exam.
18. We are delighted. You passed your English exam.
=> We are delighted , because you passed your English exam.
19. She was tired and therefore she wanted to go home.
=> She wanted to go home because she was tired
20. Tet is a festival. Tet occurs in late January or early February. (which)
=> Tet is a festival which occurs in late January or early February.
21. The pupil gets the scholarship. He is very poor. (who)
=> The pupil who gets the scholarship is very poor
22. Auld Lang Syne is a song. Auld Lang Syne is sung on New Year's Eve. (which)
=> Auld Lang Syne is a song which Auld Lang Syne is sung on New Year's Eve.
23. Have you ever spoken to the people? They live next door. (who)
=> Have you ever spoken to the people who live next door
24. Is this the book? You want me to read it? (which)
=> Is this the book which you want me to read it? (which)
25. My friend Tom can compose songs. Tom sings Western folk songs very well. (who)
=> My friend Tom, who can compose songs, sings Western folk songs very well.
26. He often tells lies but many people believe him.
=> Although he often tells lies , many people believe him.
27. He is very tired but he has to finish his homework. (even though)
=> Even though he is very tired , he has to finish his homework.
B. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành và thì quá khứ đơn
1. We have learnt Englist for 6 years.
=> We started learning E 6 years ago
2. It's three years since I last saw Nam.
=> I haven't seen Nam for three years
3. I last wrote to my uncle in July.
=> I haven't written to my uncle since July
4. Minh has collected stamps since 2000.
=> Minh began collecting stamps in 2000
5. It's a long time since we became close friends.
=> We have become close friends for a long time
6. I haven't gone to Da Lat for a long time.
=> I last went to Da Lat was a long time
7. The last time I visited my grandparents was last summer.
=> I haven't visited my grandparents since last summer
8. My family have lived in Lien Huong for 10 years.
=> My family started living in Lien Huong 10 years ago
9. I last saw him two days ago.
=> I have seen him for two days
10. How long have you bought this car?
=> When did you buy this car ?
IV, Rewrite each sentences, beginning with the words provided
1, "I have something to show you now" he said to me
-> He told me that he had something to show me then
2, "I'm leaving here for Hue tomorrow" She said
-> She said that she was leaving there for Hue the next day
3, "I'll come with you as soon as I am ready" Tom said to her
-> Tom said to her that he would come with her as soon as he was ready
4," I must go now" The father said to us
->The father said to us he had to go then
5, " Who puts the salt in my cup of coffe?" asked Peter
->Peter asked me who put the salt in his cup of coffee
6, " Why do you come here late?" She asked me
-> She asked me why I came there late
7, " Can you play the piano?" He asked the girl
-> He asked the girl if she could play the piano
8, " I'm having a good time here" said Maryam
-> Maryam said she was having a good time there
9, " Do you like pop music?" Hoa told Maryam
-> Hoa asked Maryam if she liked pop music
10, " Where do you live, the boy?" asked the man
-> The man asked the boy where he lived
V, Turn the following questinons into indirect speech.
1, She said, " Can you speak Spanish, Minh?"
->She asked Minh if he could speak Spanish
2, Thanh said to her teacher, "Will I finish my exercise at home?"
->Thanh asked her teacher if she would finish her exercise at home
3, Nien asked Hoa, " Do you have many new friends?"
->Nien asked Hoa if she had many new friends
4, My friend said, " Are you going to leave tomorrow?"
->My friend asked me if I was going to leave the next day
5, They said to us, " Must you go now?"
->they asked us if we had to go then
6, I asked Nam, "Are you free tonight?"
->I asked Nam if he was free that night
7, She asked the tourists, " Do you know the way to the station?"
->She asked the tourists if he knew the way to the station
8, John said, " Is Phong Nha Cave in southern VietNam, Nhi?"
->John asked Nhi if PN Cave was in southern VN
9, The visitors said, " Can we take photos?"
->The visitors asked me if they could take photos
10, Daniel said to Jim, " Is there a cafe nearby?"
->Daniel asked Jim if there was a cafe nearby
3. The last time I saw John was when he was leaving for Edinburgh.
-> I haven't ......seen john since he was leaving for Edinburgh..................
4. When a boy, my brother often played basketball with me.
-> My brother used.....to played basketball with me when he was a boy .............
5. Mary feels strange to drive on the left.
-> Mary isn't.....used to driving on the left................
6. My father stopped drnking champagne 10 years ago.
-> My father hasn't......drunk champagne for 10 years .............
7. My father often takes tow dogs for a walk .
-> Two dogs.....is often taken for a walk . by my father .............
8. John hasn't finished his homework yet.
-> John's homework.........hasn't been finished yet.....................
9. People started using computers to send email many years ago.
-> Computers have.....been used to send email for many years.......................
10. John last repaired the house 2 years ago.
-> The house hasn't repaired the house for 2 years...................
11. The dress no longer fits her well
-> The dress used....to fit her well..............
14. Tom is the fastest swimmer in our class
-> No one else.....in our class swims faster than tom ..........
4. When a boy, my brother often played basketball with me.
-> My brother used...to play basketball with me when he was a boy
7. Two dogs are often ..
10. The house hasn't been repaired by John for 2 years
39. He asked her " Do you leave this place today "
-> He.....asked her if she left that place that day....
40. They asked him " Will you join us ?"
-> They asked......him if he would join them......
42. He asked " Do you live near your family ?"
-> He asked me ......if i lived near his family......
43. The boy asked his mom " Are you going to give me a present tomorrrow"
->The boy asked his mom ......if she was going to give him a present the next day........
44. The said to his daughter " Do you feel better today?
-> The man.....asked his daughter if she felt better that day...........
45. " Is this your father's car?" The policeman asked me
-> The policeman asked me ..if that was my father's car....
46. We asked our children " Do you have a wonderful time here ?"
-> We asked our children ....if they had a wonderful time there.......
Câu ước :
1/ The weather isn't nice today.
→ I wish ....the weather were nice today......................
2/ I have to do a lot of homework today
-> I wish ...i didn't have to do a lot of homework today.......................
3/ My father smokes very often.
→ I wish ...my father didn't smoke very often.....................
4/ We live in a small house.
→ We wish ..we didn't live in a small house........................
5/ I don't have a longer vacation.
-> I wish ...i had a longer vacation.........................
6/ They don't stay in Hue
-> They wish .....they stayed in Hue.....................
7/ There aren't any apples in the fridge.
-> I wish ......there were some apples in the fridge........................
8. He can't pass the examination.
-> He wishes.....he could pass the examination.....................
9. We can't go out because of heavy rain.
→ We wish.....we could go out ............................
10. What a pity! He can't come here.
-> I wish.....he could come here...........................
11. Lan is sorry that she can't go to the movie tonight.
-> Lan wishes.....she could go to the movie tonight..........................
12. I don' know how to use an lpad.
-> I wish...i knew how to use an lpad..............................
13. Doan is not tall enough to play basketball.
-> Doan wishes ...he were tall enough to play basketball......................
14. He doesn't help his mother with housework.
-> I wish...he helped his mother with housework..........................
15. I don't have enough money to help you.
-> I wish...i had enough money to help you........................
16. My brother is too short to play basketball.
-> I wish....my brother weren't short to play basketball. ......................
17. My grandmother doesn't stay with me.
-> I wish....my grandmother stayed with me.........................
18. He can't swim very well
-> He wishes.....he could swim very well....................
19. My brother doesn't have a good job.
-> My brother wishes....he had a good job............ .....
20. I don't know how to speak French.
-> I wish....i knew how to speak French.............. ....
Câu điều kiện :
1. Rewrite the following sentences in such a way that they don't change the meaning
1. He doesn't have the money and he can not afford a new car.
-> If......he had the money ,he could afford a new car....................
2. I cannot go to the beach with you because I have a date with my old classmate.
-> If.....i didn't have a date with my old classmate,i could go to the beach with you....................
3. I never get very lonely because I have lots of good friends.
-> If....i didn't have lots of good friends,i would get very lonely.....................
4. The match can be cancelled because it rains heavily.
-> If.....it didn't rain heavily,the match couldn't be cancelled....................
5. Because Simon doesn't live near his mother, he can't visit her often.
-> If.....Simon lived near his mother, he could visit her often.....................
6. I don't have free time, so I can't go to see him.
-> If....i had free time,i could go to see him.....................
7. I am poor, I can't travel around the world.
-> If...i weren't poor,i could travel around the world.......................
8. I am not a millionaire, I can't help all people.
-> If....i were a millionaire,i could help all people..............................
9. I am not old enough; I can't decide my own life.
-> If...i were old enough,i could decide my own life.
10. I am very tired so I can't finish my work.
-> If....i weren't very tired,i could finish my work...............................
2. Rewrite the sentences with If
1. Stop using dynamite for fishing and a lot of sea creatures will be well preserved.
-> If people Stop using dynamite for fishing , a lot of sea creatures will be well preserved................................
2 Use less paper and we can save trees in the forest.
-> If we...use less paper,we can save trees in the forest...............................
3. Plant more trees along the streets and we will have more shade and fresh air.
-> If we Plant more trees along the streets , we will have more shade and fresh air.
4. Work hard and we'll make this beach a clean and beautiful place again.
-> If we Work hard ,we'll make this beach a clean and beautiful place again
5. Keep our environment clean and we'll live a happier and healthier life.
-> If we Keep our environment clean ,we'll live a happier and healthier life.
6. Ba isn't rich so he can't travel around the world.
-> If Ba were rich,he could travel around the world
7. Mr. Loc doesn't have a car so he doesn't drive it to work.
-> If Mr. Loc had a car,he would drive it to work.
8. Nam doesn't arrive at school on time because he doesn't have an alarm clock.
->If Nam had an alarm clock,he would arrive at school on time
9. Tuan can't get better grades because he doesn't study harder.
-> If Tuan studied harder,he could get better grades
10. I don't meet an alien from outer space so I don't invite her to my home.
-> If I met an alien from outer space ,i would invite her to my home.
I. Complete each sentence with one suitable preposition or connective :
( by; from; in; on; and; if; but; to; from; or; for; since; of; into; because; althought; therefore; however; up; so ; and; at; with )
1. They got married......in......2004
2. They have been married.....since......2004
3., Lan woke up late,...so.......she didn't have time for breakfast.
4. My classmate usually goes out.........on.......Saturday
5.My sister often goes to school..........at......... 7 o'clock
6. I have learnt English....for...........5 years.
7. Mr. Parker is a farmer.....but.........Mrs. Parker is a worker.
8. The ruler is ...BETWEEN......the lamp and the book.
9. The boys help Mr. Packer on the farm.......ALTHOUGH..... he is busy.
10. They got up quite late.......SO...........they missed the trairn.
11. Lan won't go to school........BECAUSE...........she is sick today.
12. The competitions will take place....BETWEEN...........8am and 2p.m.
13. The boy is afraid........OF..........snakes
14. Nga is sick today.......SO.... she won't go to school.
15. They are interested........IN..........buying a new house.
16. Don't worry.....ABOUT.......... the money! I'll lend you.
17, Don't shout at the child.....ALTHOUGH.........he makes a mistake.
18. Ba and Tam usually go fishing.....AT......weekends
19. The bus parked at the parking lot...OF..... waited for people to come back.
20. They have learnt English.....FOR...........many years.
21. She is famous ........FOR...........her beautiful face and sweet voice.
22. Mr. Parker grows maize on his farm.....BUT....... .Mrs. Parker works at a grocery store.
23. Mr. Brown is often worried.....ABOUT........money
24. It was hot........SO.......... turned on the air condition.
25. I'm very proud......OF..........my school.
26. Our little brother took a long nap.......FROM.....2p.m to 6p.m.
27. I haven't seen Mai for a few days. I last saw her......BY.......
Tuesday.
28. The price of petrol will go up.........IN.......November.
29. I will call you........ON...........Wednesday evening.
30. They have lived here........SINCE........2009.
31. The meeting will be.....FROM.......nine to eleven......IN...........the morning.
33. He has learned French........FOR.........5 years.
34. We must be there........BETWEEN.............. 8 am and 9 am
35. He usually does exercises..........IN........the afternoon.
36. He tried hard ..........SO....... he got good grades.
37. She is under 16,......SO.......she is not allowed to ride a motorbike. People usually get together.......∅..........at Christmas.
38. I'll phone you.......ON.......Tuesday morning.........AT.........about 10 o'clock. Isn't it OK.
39. His father dierd........IN........ 2005.
40. They haven't meet each other.........FOR..........a long time.
41. Lan's birthday is......ON............June 18h
42. She passed the exam.....BECAUSE........she is always hard-working
44. Goodbye! See you........ON........Monday
45. She is a kind girl,......BUT........few people like her.
46. It's very nice.........OF........ you to help the old man.
47. She likes mangoes, durians.......and.......... bananas.
ON Sunday afternoons I usually go for a walk.
48...........on........... Sunday afternoon I usually go for a walk.
49. Mr. Brown enjoys walking around his garden.....at..........night.
50. I woke up.........at......... five o'clock......in.......the morning.
81. Ba is a new comer, and so was Tom.=> Both Ba and Tom are new comers.
82. This lecture bores me.=> I am ..bored of this lecture........... 8.3. This is the most delicious cake I have ever tasted.=> I ...have never tasted a more delicious cake than this cake before............
84.She left university 2 years ago.=> It’s 2 years since she left the university.................................................
85. they had sold the house at the end of the road.==> The house .at the end of the road had been sold .................. ..
86. It‘s careless of you to leave the window Open last night.=> You should not..leave the window open....
87.You will catch a cold if you don’t keep your feet dry. => Unless....you keep your feet dry, you will catch a cold................
88. We couldn’t go to shool because it rained.=> Because of..raining, we couldn't go to school.......
89.Although he is old, he often plays tennis. => In spite of ...his old age, he often plays tennis....
90.Tom is not used to working so hard => Tom is in ..the habit of working less hard........
91. The day was so cold that we stayed indoor.==> lt..was such a cold day that we stayed indoor...
92. the man was too tired to keep on working.=>The man was so..tired to keep on working......
93. TV programmes attract so many viewers. They can satisfy every taste => Because..TV programmes can satisfy every taste, they attract so many viewers.........
94. He is not good at English, He can’t get the job.=> If...he were good at English, he could get the job.....
95. Nam washes his car every week=> Nam wishes his car....to be cleaned every week....
96. he used to wait there all the time => He used to wait there…all day……
97. My friend had the Storekeeper deliver the book case.=> My friend asked…the Storekeeper to deliver the book case……
98. My brother can be so annoying some times.=> I am so annoyed by my brother some times........
90. Mai was encouraged by the news => The news..was encouraging to Mai.........
100. Ba made that dress himself=> The dress..was made by Ba......
101. I have never read such a romantic story =>This is…the most romantic story I have ever read……
102 Everyone heard about the accident before I did => I was the last one to hear about the accident
103. the film star wore dark glasses so that no one would recognize him => the film star avoid..being recognized by wearing dark glasses......
104. we didn't arrive in time to see her => we weren't early..enough to see her......
105. If you don't have a rest, you really will he ill=> unless..you have a rest, you really will be ill.
106. the water was so cold that the children could not swim in it=> the water was not..warm enough for the children to swim in.....
107. Ba was arrested by the police=> the police arrested Ba
108. there are a number of people waiting to see you => A number of people ..are waiting to see you.....
109. I hope to see you at Christmas => I am .looking forward to seeing you at Christmas........
110. your hair is too long , You'd better have it cut => your hair.needs cutting/to be cut.........
111. are you against working on Sunday? => do you object.to working on Sunday?........
112. I have to writes 6 letter a day=> There are..6 letters to be written today........
113. people always laugh at his funny face, he does not like it=> he dislike..being laughed at (his funny face).........
29. He learnt to drive when he was 18 years old.
-> He..has learned to drive since he was 18 years old.......
31. She likes orange juice
-> Orange juiced.....is liked by her..
32. " Can you come here to pick me up?"
-> Hoa asked Nam.......if he could come here to pick her up....
34. The last time he wrote to me was 2 years ago.
-> He.....haven't written to me for 2 years........
35. What a pity. We lose the match.
-> We....wish we hadn't lost the match....