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Bài 2:
a: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)-\left(x+5\right)=0\)
=>(x+5)(x-6)=0
=>x=-5 hoặc x=6
b: \(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-4x+1-4x^2+1=0\)
=>-4x+2=0
hay x=1/2
c: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+4\right)\left(x^2-1\right)=0\)
=>x=1 hoặc x=-1
b \(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x-2\right)+10x\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)=0\)
hay \(x\in\left\{0;2\right\}\)
c: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3-x-5\right)\left(2x-3+x+5\right)=0\)
=>(x-8)(3x+2)=0
=>x=8 hoặc x=-2/3
d: \(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-1\right)-4\left(x-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\)
=>x=2 hoặc x=1
e: \(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2-11x+30\right)=0\)
=>x(x-5)(x-6)=0
hay \(x\in\left\{0;5;6\right\}\)
b: \(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^3-2x^2+10x-20\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)=0\)
hay \(x\in\left\{0;2\right\}\)
c: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3-x-5\right)\left(2x-3+x+5\right)=0\)
=>(x-8)(3x+2)=0
hay \(x\in\left\{8;-\dfrac{2}{3}\right\}\)
d: \(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-1\right)-4\left(x-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
=>x=1 hoặc x=2
a) ( x - 3 )2 - 4 = 0
<=> ( x - 3 )2 - 22 = 0
<=> ( x - 3 - 2 )( x - 3 + 2 ) = 0
<=> ( x - 5 )( x - 1 ) = 0
<=> x = 5 hoặc x = 1
b( 2x + 3 )2 - ( 2x + 1 )( 2x - 1 ) = 22
<=> 4x2 + 12x + 9 - ( 4x2 - 1 ) = 22
<=> 4x2 + 12x + 9 - 4x2 + 1 = 22
<=> 12x + 10 = 22
<=> 12x = 12
<=> x = 1
c) ( 4x + 3 )( 4x - 3 ) - ( 4x - 5 )2 = 16
<=> 16x2 - 9 - ( 16x2 - 40x + 25 ) = 16
<=> 16x2 - 9 - 16x2 + 40x - 25 = 16
<=> 40x - 34 = 16
<=> 40x = 50
<=> x = 50/40 = 5/4
d) x3 - 9x2 + 27x - 27 = -8
<=> ( x - 3 )3 = -8
<=> ( x - 3 )3 = (-2)3
<=> x - 3 = -2
<=> x = 1
e) ( x + 1 )3 - x2( x + 3 ) = 2
<=> x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1 - x3 - 3x2 = 2
<=> 3x + 1 = 2
<=> 3x = 1
<=> x = 1/3
f) ( x - 2 )3 - x( x - 1 )( x + 1 ) + 6x2 = 5
<=> x3 - 6x2 + 12x - 8 - x( x2 - 1 ) + 6x2 = 5
<=> x3 + 12x - 8 - x3 + x = 5
<=> 13x - 8 = 5
<=> 13x = 13
<=> x = 1
a) \(\left(x-3\right)^2-4=0\)
=> \(\left(x-3\right)^2-2^2=0\)
=> \(\left(x-3-2\right)\left(x-3+2\right)=0\)
=> \(\left(x-5\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=5\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
b) \(\left(2x+3\right)^2-\left(2x+1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=22\)
=> \(\left(2x+3\right)^2-\left[\left(2x\right)^2-1^2\right]=22\)
=> \(\left(2x+3\right)^2-\left(4x^2-1\right)=22\)
=> \(\left(2x\right)^2+2\cdot2x\cdot3+3^2-4x^2+1=22\)
=> \(4x^2+12x+9-4x^2+1=22\)
=> \(12x+9+1=22\)
=> \(12x+10=22\)
=> 12x = 12
=> x = 1
c) \(\left(4x+3\right)\left(4x-3\right)-\left(4x-5\right)^2=16\)
=> \(\left(4x\right)^2-3^2-\left[\left(4x\right)^2-2\cdot4x\cdot5+5^2\right]=16\)
=> \(16x^2-9-\left(16x^2-40x+25\right)=16\)
=> \(16x^2-9-16x^2+40x-25=16\)
=> \(-9+40x-25=16\)
=> \(40x=16+25-\left(-9\right)=16+25+9=50\)
=> x = 50/40 = 5/4
d) \(x^3-9x^2+27x-27=-8\)
=> \(x^3-3\cdot x^2\cdot3+3\cdot x\cdot3^2-3^3=8\)
=> \(\left(x-3\right)^3=-8\)
=> \(\left(x-3\right)^3=\left(-2\right)^3\)
=> x - 3 = -2 => x = 1
e) \(\left(x+1\right)^3-x^2\left(x+3\right)=2\)
=> \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1-x^3-3x^2=2\)
=> \(3x+1=2\)
=> \(3x=1\)=> x = 1/3
f) \(\left(x-2\right)^3-x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)+6x^2=5\)
=> \(x^3-3\cdot x^2\cdot2+3\cdot x\cdot2^2-2^3-x\left(x^2-1\right)+6x^2=5\)
=> \(x^3-6x^2+12x-8-x^3+x+6x^2=5\)
=> \(\left(12x+x\right)-8=5\)
=> 13x = 13
=> x = 1
a) \(\left(x+3\right)^2-\left(x-4\right)\left(x+8\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+6x+9\right)-\left(x^2+4x-32\right)-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=-40\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-20\)
b) \(\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)-x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+27-x^3+4x=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x=-12\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-3\)
c) \(\left(x-2\right)^2-\left(x+3\right)^2-4\left(x+1\right)=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-\left(x^2+6x+9\right)-\left(4x+4\right)=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-14x=14\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-1\)
d) \(\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x+3\right)-\left(x-1\right)^2-3x\left(x-5\right)=-44\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-9-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-\left(3x^2-15x\right)=-44\)
\(\Leftrightarrow17x=-34\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-2\)
e) \(\left(x-2\right)^3-\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3x+9\right)+6\left(x+1\right)^2=49\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-6x^2+12x-8-x^3+27+6x^2+12x+6=49\)
\(\Leftrightarrow24x=24\)
\(\Rightarrow x=1\)
a) 2( x - 1 )2 - 4( 3 + x )2 + 2x( x - 5 )
= 2( x2 - 2x + 1 ) - 4( 9 + 6x + x2 ) + 2x2 - 10x
= 2x2 - 4x + 2 - 36 - 24x - 4x2 + 2x2 - 10x
= ( 2x2 - 4x2 + 2x2 ) + ( -4x - 24x - 10x ) + ( 2 - 36 )
= -38x - 34
b) 2( 2x + 5 )2 - 3( 4x + 1 )( 1 - 4x )
= 2( 4x2 + 20x + 25 ) + 3( 4x + 1 )( 4x - 1 )
= 8x2 + 40x + 50 + 3( 16x2 - 1 )
= 8x2 + 40x + 50 + 48x2 - 3
= 56x2 + 40x + 47
c) ( x - 1 )3 - x( x - 3 )2 + 1
= x3 - 3x2 + 3x - 1 - x( x2 - 6x + 9 ) + 1
= x3 - 3x2 + 3x - x3 + 6x2 - 9x
= 3x2 - 6x
d) ( x + 2 )3 - x2( x + 6 )
= x3 + 6x2 + 12x + 8 - x3 - 6x2
= 12x + 8
e) ( x - 2 )( x + 2 ) - ( x + 1 )3 - 2x( x - 1 )2
= x2 - 4 - ( x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1 ) - 2x( x2 - 2x + 1 )
= x2 - 4 - x3 - 3x2 - 3x - 1 - 2x3 + 4x2 - 2x
= -3x3 + 2x2 - 5x - 5
f) ( a + b - c )2 - ( b - c )2 - 2a( b - c )
= [ ( a + b ) - c ]2 - ( b2 - 2bc + c2 ) - 2ab + 2ac
= [ ( a + b )2 - 2( a + b )c + c2 ] - b2 + 2bc - c2 - 2ab + 2ac
= a2 + 2ab + b2 - 2ac - 2bc + c2 - b2 + 2bc - c2 - 2ab + 2ac
= a2
a) \(2\left(x-1\right)^2-4\left(3+x\right)^2+2x\left(x-5\right)\)
Dùng hẳng đẳng thức thứ nhất + hai :
= \(2\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot1+1^2\right)-4\left(3^2+2\cdot3\cdot x+x^2\right)+2x^2-10x\)
= \(2\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-4\left(9+6x+x^2\right)+2x^2-10x\)
= \(2x^2-4x+2-36-24x-4x^2+2x^2-10x\)
= \(-38x-34\)
b) 2(2x + 5)2 - 3(4x + 1)(1 - 4x)
Dùng đẳng thức thứ 1 + 3
= 2[(2x)2 + 2.2x.5 + 52 ] - (-3)[(4x)2 - 12 ]
= 2(4x2 + 20x + 25) - (-3).(16x2 - 1)
= 8x2 + 40x + 50 - (3 - 48x2)
= 8x2 + 40x + 50 - 3 + 48x2
= 56x2 + 40x + 47
c) (x - 1)3 - x(x - 3)2 + 1
Dùng đẳng thức 2 + 5:
= x3 - 3.x2.1 + 3.x.12 - 13 - x(x2 - 2.x.3 + 32) + 1
= x3 - 3x2 + 3x - 1 - x3 + 6x2 - 9x + 1
= (x3 - x3) + (-3x2 + 6x2) + (3x - 9x) + (-1 + 1)
= 3x2 - 6x
d) (x + 2)3 - x2(x + 6)
= x3 + 3.x2.2 + 3.x.22 + 23 - x3 - 6x2
= x3 + 6x2 + 12x + 8 - x3 - 6x2
= (x3 - x3) + (6x2 - 6x2) + 12x + 8 = 12x + 8
e) Dùng đẳng thức thứ 3,4 và 2
= x2 - 4 - (x3 + 3.x2.1 + 3.x.12 + 13) - 2x(x2 - 2.x.1 + 12)
= x2 - 4 - (x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1) - 2x3 + 4x2 - 2x
= x2 - 4 - x3 - 3x2 - 3x - 1 - 2x3 + 4x2 - 2x
= (x2 - 3x2 + 4x2) + (-4 - 1) + (-x3 - 2x3) + (-3x - 2x)
= 2x2 - 5 - 3x3 - 5x
f) Đặt \(a+b-c=A\)
\(b-c=B\)
= \(A^2-B^2-2AB\)
= \(A^2-2AB+\left(-B\right)^2\)
\(=A^2-2AB+B^2\)
= (A - B)2
= (a + b - c - (b - c))2
= (a + b - c - b + c)2
= a2
a) \(\left(2x-5\right)^2-\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x-3\right)=10\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2-20x+25\right)-\left(4x^2-9\right)-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-20x+24=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{6}{5}\)
b) \(\left(4x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(2x+3\right)^2-5\left(x-1\right)=9\Leftrightarrow-10x-15=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-3}{2}\)
c) \(\left(x+1\right)^3-\left(x-1\right)^3-2=6\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3+3x^2+3x+1\right)-\left(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\right)-8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x^2-6=0\Leftrightarrow x=\pm1\)
d) \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)-\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-3\left(-x-2\right)=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3+8\right)-\left(x^3+1\right)+3x+6=5\Leftrightarrow3x+8=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-8}{3}\)
x^2 -6x +10 = x^2 -2.x.3 +3^2 +1 = (x-3)^2 +1
Ma (x-3)^2 >=0 <=> (x-3)^2 +1 >=1>0 (voi moi x)
b) 4x - x^2 -5 = -(x^2 -4x +5) =-[(x^2 -4x +4)+1] = -[(x-2)^2 +1]
Ma (x+2)^2 >=0 <=> (x-2)^2 +1 >=1 <=> -[(x-2)^2 +1] <=-1 => -[(x-2)^2 +1] <0
2) a) P= x^2 -2x +5 = x^2 -2x +1 +4 = (x-1)^2 +4
Ta co: (x-1)^2 >=0 <=> (x-1)^2 +4 >=4
Vay gia tri nho nhat P=4 khi x=1
b) Q= 2x^2 -6x = 2(x^2 -3x) = 2(x^2 - 2.x.3/2 + 9/4 -9/4)= 2[(x-3/2)^2 -9/4]
Ta co: (x-3/2)^2 >=0 <=>(x-3/2)^2 -9/4 >= -9/4 <=> 2[(x-3/2)^2 -9/4] >= -9/2
Vay gia tri nho nhat Q= -9/2 khi x= 3/2
c) M= x^2 +y^2 -x +6y +10 = (x^2 -2.x.1/2 + 1/4) +(y^2 +2.y.3+9)+3/4
= ( x-1/2)^2 + (y+3)^2 +3/4
M>= 3/4
Vay GTNN cua M = 3/4 khi x=1/2 va y=-3
3)a) A= 4x - x^2 +3 = -(x^2 -4x -3) = -( x^2 -4x+4 -7) =-[(x-2)^2 -7]
Ta co: (x-2)^2>=0 <=> (x-2)^2 -7 >=-7 <=> -[(x-2)^2 -7] <=7
Vay GTLN A=7 khi x=2
b) B= x-x^2 = -(x^2 -2.x.1/2+1/4-1/4) = -[(x-1/2)^2 -1/4]
GTLN B= 1/4 khi x=1/2
c) N= 2x - 2x^2 -5 =-2( x^2 -x+5/2) = -2(x^2 - 2.x.1/2 +1/4 +9/4)
= -2[(x-1/2)^2 +9/4]
GTLN N= -9/2 khi x=1/2
\(\left(9^{30}-27^{19}\right):3^{57}+\left(125^9-25^{12}\right):5^{24}\)
\(=\left(3^{60}-3^{57}\right):3^{57}+\left(5^{27}-5^{24}\right):5^{24}\)
\(=3^{57}\left(3^3-1\right):3^{57}+5^{24}\left(5^3-1\right):5^{24}\)
\(=3^3-1+5^3-1\)
\(=27-1+125-1\)
\(=150\)
2 )
\(x^2-25-\left(x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+5\right)\left(x-5\right)-\left(x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+5\right)\left(x-5-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+5\right)\left(x-6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5=0\\x-6=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
b )
\(\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(4x^2-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-4x+1-4x^2+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2-4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy ...
c )
\(x^2\left(x^2+4\right)-x^2-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2+4\right)-\left(4+x^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-1=0\\x^2+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=1\\x^2=-4\left(L\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...