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7. \(S=9y^2-12\left(x+4\right)y+\left(5x^2+24x+2016\right)\)
\(=9y^2-12\left(x+4\right)y+4\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(x^2+8x+16\right)+1936\)
\(=\left[3y-2\left(x+4\right)\right]^2+\left(x-4\right)^2+1936\ge1936\)
Vậy \(S_{min}=1936\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}3y-2\left(x+4\right)=0\\x-4=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=\frac{16}{3}\end{cases}}\)
8. \(x^2-5x+14-4\sqrt{x+1}=0\) (ĐK: x > = -1).
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(x+1\right)-4\sqrt{x+1}+4+\left(x^2-6x+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2=0\)
Với mọi x thực ta luôn có: \(\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2\ge0\) và \(\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\)
Suy ra \(\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2=0\\\left(x-3\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) x = 3 (Nhận)
7. \(S=9y^2-12\left(x+4\right)y+\left(5x^2+24x+2016\right)\)
\(=9y^2-12\left(x+4\right)y+4\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(x^2+8x+16\right)+1936\)
\(=\left[3y-2\left(x+4\right)\right]^2+\left(x-4\right)^2+1936\ge1936\)
Vậy \(S_{min}=1936\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}3y-2\left(x+4\right)=0\\x-4=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=\frac{16}{3}\end{cases}}\)
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)+abc\)
\(=abc+a^2b+ab^2+a^2c+ac^2+b^2c+bc^2+abc+abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)( phân tích nhân tử các kiểu )
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\left(1\right)\)
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc};ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge9abc\)
\(\Rightarrow-abc\ge\frac{-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)
Khi đó:\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)
\(=\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\left(2\right)\)
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) có đpcm
bài 2
ta có \(\left(\sqrt{8a^2+1}+\sqrt{8b^2+1}+\sqrt{8c^2+1}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{\frac{8a^2+1}{a}}+\sqrt{b}.\sqrt{\frac{8b^2+1}{b}}+\sqrt{c}.\sqrt{\frac{8c^2+1}{c}}\right)^2\)\(=\left(A\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bunhiacopxki ta có;
\(\left(A\right)\le\left(a+b+c\right)\left(8a+\frac{1}{a}+8b+\frac{1}{b}+8c+\frac{8}{c}\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(9a+9b+9c\right)=9\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\sqrt{8a^2+1}+\sqrt{8b^2+1}+\sqrt{8c^2+1}\)(đpcm)
Dấu \(=\)xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
ta có \(a+b+c+\sqrt{abc}=4\Rightarrow4a+4b+4a+4\sqrt{abc}\)
=> \(4a+4\sqrt{abc}=16-4b-4c\Leftrightarrow4a+4\sqrt{abc}+bc=16-4b-4c+bc\)
=> \(\left(2\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{bc}\right)^2=\left(4-b\right)\left(4-c\right)\Rightarrow a\left(4-b\right)\left(4-c\right)=a\left(2\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{bc}\right)^2\)
=> \(\sqrt{a\left(4-b\right)\left(4-c\right)}=\sqrt{a}\left(2\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{bc}\right)=2a+\sqrt{abc}\)
tương tự như thế thay vào , thì A=8
Ta có:
\(a+b+c+\sqrt{abc}=4\Rightarrow4a+4b+4c+4\sqrt{abc}\)
\(\Rightarrow4a+4\sqrt{abc}=16-4b-4c\Leftrightarrow4a+4\sqrt{abc}+bc=16-4b-4c+bc\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{bc}\right)^2=\left(4-b\right)\left(4-c\right)\Rightarrow a\left(4-b\right)\left(4-c\right)=a\left(2\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{bc}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a\left(4-b\right)\left(4-c\right)}=\sqrt{a}\left(2\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{bc}\right)=2a+\sqrt{abc}\)
Tương tự như thế thay vào, thì A = 8
a) \(A=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2\le\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2=2a+2b\le2\)
Vậy GTLN của A là 2 \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a}=\sqrt{b}\\a+b=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{2}}\)
b) Ta có : \(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^4\le\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^4+\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^4=2\left(a^2+b^2+6ab\right)\)
Tương tự : \(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)^4\le2\left(a^2+c^2+6ac\right)\)
\(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{d}\right)^4\le2\left(a^2+d^2+6ad\right)\)
\(\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^4\le2\left(b^2+c^2+6bc\right)\)
\(\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{d}\right)^4\le2\left(b^2+d^2+6bd\right)\)
\(\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{d}\right)^4\le2\left(c^2+d^2+6cd\right)\)
Cộng các vế lại, ta được :
\(B\le6\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+2ab+2ac+2ad+2bd+2cd+2bc\right)=6\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow B\le6\)
Vậy GTLN của B là 6 \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a}=\sqrt{b}=\sqrt{c}=\sqrt{d}\\a+b+c+d=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=d=\frac{1}{4}\)
Bài 3: \(3\left(\sqrt{2x^2+1}-1\right)=x\left(1+3x+8\sqrt{2x^2+1}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3-8x\right)\sqrt{2x^2+1}=3x^2+x+3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3-8x\right)^2\left(2x^2+1\right)=\left(3x^2+x+3\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow119x^4-102x^3+63x^2-54x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(7x-6\right)\left(17x^2+9\right)=0\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=\frac{6}{7}\end{cases}}\)
Thử lại, ta nhận được \(x=0\)là nghiệm duy nhất của phương trình
1) \(\frac{9}{x^2}+\frac{2x}{\sqrt{2x^2+9}}=1\left(ĐK:x\ne0\right)\)
Đặt: \(\sqrt{2x^2+9}=a\left(a\ge0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+9=a^2\Leftrightarrow9=a^2-2a^2\)
Khi đó pt đã cgo trở rhanhf:
\(\frac{a^2-2x^2}{x^2}+\frac{2x}{a}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a}{x}\right)^2-2+\frac{2x}{a}-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a}{x}\right)^2+\frac{2x}{a}-3=0\) (*)
Đặt: \(\frac{a}{x}=b\) khi đó (*) trở thành:
\(b^2+\frac{2}{b}-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^3+2-3b=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b^3-b\right)-\left(2b-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b\left(b-1\right)\left(b+1\right)-2\left(b-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-1\right)\left(b^2+b-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-1\right)^2\left(b+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}b-1=0\\b+2=0\end{array}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}b=1\\b=-2\end{array}\right.\)
Với: \(b=1\) ta có:
\(\frac{a}{x}=1\Leftrightarrow a=x\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+9}=x\Leftrightarrow2x^2+9=x^2\Leftrightarrow x^2+9=0\left(loai\right)\)
Với: \(b=-2\) ta có:
\(\frac{a}{x}=-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+9}=-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+9=4x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=\frac{9}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x=\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\\x=-\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\end{array}\right.\)
Thử lại ta thấy: \(x=\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\left(ktm\right);x=-\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}}\left(tm\right)\)
Vaayk pt đã cho có nhgieemj là \(x=-\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\)
cảm ơn bạn nhìu