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1) \(x^2+y=y^2+x\Leftrightarrow x^2-y^2-\left(x-y\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=x\\y=1-x\end{cases}}\). Vì x,y là hai số khác nhau nên ta loại trường hợp x = y. Vậy ta có y = x-1.
\(P=\frac{x^2+\left(1-x\right)^2+x\left(1-x\right)}{x\left(1-x\right)-1}=\frac{x^2+x^2-2x+1-x^2+x}{-x^2+x-1}\)
\(=\frac{x^2-x+1}{-\left(x^2-x+1\right)}=-1\)
Bài 32:
a) P= \(\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{8}+4}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)+\left(\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{8}\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)+\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(1+\sqrt{2}\)
b) Có: \(x^2-2y^2=xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-y^2-y^2-xy=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-y\left(y+x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-2y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\x-2y=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-y\\x=2y\end{cases}}}\)
Thay x=-y ta có: Q=\(\frac{-y-y}{-y+y}\)=\(\frac{-2y}{0}\)(loại )
Thay x=2y ta có : Q=\(\frac{2y-y}{2y+y}=\frac{y}{3y}=\frac{1}{3}\)
2. ĐK: \(x\ge-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+5-6\sqrt{x+5}+9\right)+\left(x^2-8x+16\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+5}-3\right)^2+\left(x-4\right)^2=0\)
\(\forall x\ge-5\) ta luôn có \(\left(\sqrt{x+5}-3\right)^2+\left(x-4\right)^2\ge0\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x+5}-3=0\\x-4=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) x = 4 (nhận)
\(a,A=\sqrt{27}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}-2}-\sqrt{\left(1-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\)
\(=3\sqrt{3}+\frac{2\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)}-\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\)
\(=3\sqrt{3}+\frac{2\sqrt{3}+4}{3-4}-\sqrt{3}+1\)
\(=3\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{3}-4-\sqrt{3}+1\)
\(=-3\)
\(B=\left(\frac{1}{x-\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right):\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{x-2\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right):\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{1+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}}\)
b, Ta có \(B< A\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}}< -3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}}+3< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{x}-1+3\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}}< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\sqrt{x}-1< 0\left(Do\sqrt{x}>0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0< x< \frac{1}{2}\)(Kết hợp ĐKXĐ)
Vậy ...
Điều kiện xác định : \(x\ge0,x\ne1\)
Rút gọn : \(P=\frac{15\sqrt{x}-11}{x+2\sqrt{x}-3}+\frac{3\sqrt{x}-2}{1-\sqrt{x}}-\frac{2\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
\(=\frac{15\sqrt{x}-11}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-\frac{\left(3\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}-\frac{\left(2\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{15\sqrt{x}-11-3x-7\sqrt{x}+6-2x-\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-5x+7\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(2-5\sqrt{x}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\frac{2-5\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
Câu a) bạn tự tính nhé :)
b) \(P=\frac{2-5\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}=\frac{6-15\sqrt{x}}{3\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)-17\sqrt{x}}{3\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=-\frac{17\sqrt{x}}{3\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}+\frac{2}{3}\le\frac{2}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = 0