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A)
Đặt \(\sqrt{1+2x}=a; \sqrt{1-2x}=b\) (\(a,b>0\) )
\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a^2+b^2=2\\ a^2-b^2=4x=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} 2a^2=2+\sqrt{3}\rightarrow 4a^2=4+2\sqrt{3}=(\sqrt{3}+1)^2\\ 2b^2=2-\sqrt{3}\rightarrow 4b^2=4-2\sqrt{3}=(\sqrt{3}-1)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a=\frac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2}; b=\frac{\sqrt{3}-1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow ab=\frac{(\sqrt{3}+1)(\sqrt{3}-1)}{4}=\frac{1}{2}; a-b=1\)
Có:
\(A=\frac{a^2}{1+a}+\frac{b^2}{1-b}=\frac{a^2-a^2b+b^2+ab^2}{(1+a)(1-b)}\)
\(=\frac{2-ab(a-b)}{1+(a-b)-ab}=\frac{2-\frac{1}{2}.1}{1+1-\frac{1}{2}}=1\)
B)
\(2x=\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}\)
\(\Rightarrow 4x^2=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+2\)
\(\rightarrow 4(x^2-1)=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2=\left(\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{4(x^2-1)}=\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}\) do $a>b$
T có: \(B=\frac{b\sqrt{4(x^2-1)}}{x-\sqrt{x^2-1}}=\frac{2b\sqrt{4(x^2-1)}}{2x-\sqrt{4(x^2-1)}}=\frac{2b\left ( \sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}} \right )}{\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}-\left ( \sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}} \right )}\)
\(=\frac{2b\left ( \sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}} \right )}{2\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}}=\frac{b\left ( \sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}} \right )}{\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}}=\frac{\frac{b(a-b)}{\sqrt{ab}}}{\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}}=a-b\)
Bài 1:
a: ĐKXĐ: 2x+3>=0 và x-3>0
=>x>3
b: ĐKXĐ:(2x+3)/(x-3)>=0
=>x>3 hoặc x<-3/2
c: ĐKXĐ: x+2<0
hay x<-2
d: ĐKXĐ: -x>=0 và x+3<>0
=>x<=0 và x<>-3
Lời giải:
a)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+2}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}-2}=\frac{\sqrt{3}-2+\sqrt{3}+2}{(\sqrt{3}+2)(\sqrt{3}-2)}=\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3-4}=-2\sqrt{3}\)
Để \(B=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+2}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}-2}\Leftrightarrow \frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-2}=-2\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}=-\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-2=\frac{-1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x}=2-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\Rightarrow x=(2-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}})^2=\frac{13-4\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
b)
ĐK: \(x\geq 0; x\neq 4\)
\(A=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{x-4}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{x-4}+\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{(\sqrt{x}-2)(\sqrt{x}+2)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{x-4}+\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{x-4}=\frac{2\sqrt{x}+2}{x-4}\)
\(P=\frac{B}{A}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-2}:\frac{2(\sqrt{x}+1)}{x-4}=\frac{2(x-4)}{2(\sqrt{x}-2)(\sqrt{x}+1)}\)
\(=\frac{(\sqrt{x}+2)(\sqrt{x}-2)}{(\sqrt{x}-2)(\sqrt{x}+1)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
c) Thêm ĐK: \(x\geq 1\)
Từ biểu thức P vừa tìm được:
\(P(\sqrt{x}+1)-\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{x-1}=2x-2\sqrt{2x}+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}+1}.(\sqrt{x}+1)-\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{x-1}=2x-2\sqrt{2x}+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x}+2-\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{x-1}=2x-2\sqrt{2x}+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{x-1}=2x-2\sqrt{2x}+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{x-1}-1)^2+(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{2})^2=0\)
Vì \((\sqrt{x-1}-1)^2, (\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{2})^2\geq 0, \forall x\in \text{ĐKXĐ}\)
\(\Rightarrow (\sqrt{x-1}-1)^2+(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{2})^2\geq 0\). Dấu bằng xảy ra khi :
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} \sqrt{x-1}-1=0\\ \sqrt{x}-\sqrt{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=2\) (thỏa mãn)
Vậy..........
1. b) \(\left(x\sqrt{\dfrac{6}{x}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2x}{3}}+\sqrt{6x}\right):\sqrt{6x}\)
=\(\left(x\sqrt{\dfrac{6x}{x^2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{6x}{9}}+\sqrt{6x}\right):\sqrt{6x}\)
=\(\left(\sqrt{6x}+\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{6x}+\sqrt{6x}\right):\sqrt{6x}\)
=\(\dfrac{7}{3}\sqrt{6x}:\sqrt{6x}=\dfrac{7}{3}\)
2.
P=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\dfrac{x-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)(bn có ghi sai đề ko)
a) ĐKXĐ : \(x\ge1,x\ge2,x\ge0\)
b) P=\(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-\dfrac{\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}+\dfrac{x-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
=\(\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}+3-2x+\sqrt{x}+4\sqrt{x}-2+x-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)
c) thay x= \(4-2\sqrt{3}\)vào P ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}-2}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}-1-2}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}-3}\)
12. Ta có \(ab\le\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}\)
=> \(a^2-ab+3b^2+1\ge\frac{a^2}{2}+\frac{5}{2}b^2+1\)
Lại có \(\left(\frac{a^2}{2}+\frac{5}{2}b^2+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{5}{2}+1\right)\ge\left(\frac{a}{2}+\frac{5}{2}b+1\right)^2\)
=> \(\sqrt{a^2-ab+3b^2+1}\ge\frac{a}{4}+\frac{5b}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2-ab+3b^2+1}}\le\frac{4}{a+b+b+b+b+b+1+1}\le\frac{4}{64}.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{5}{b}+2\right)\)
Khi đó
\(P\le\frac{1}{16}\left(6\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+6\right)\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Vậy \(MaxP=\frac{3}{2}\)khi a=b=c=1
13. Ta có \(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\le1\)
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c+3}\)( BĐT cosi)
=> \(1\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c+3}\)
=> \(a+b+c\ge6\)
Ta có \(a^3-b^3=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\)
=> \(\frac{a^3-b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=a-b\)
Tương tự \(\frac{b^3-c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}=b-c\),,\(\frac{c^3-a^2}{c^2+ac+a^2}=c-a\)
Cộng 3 BT trên ta có
\(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ac+c^2}=\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+bc+b^2}+\frac{a^3}{a^2+ac+c^2}\)
Khi đó \(2P=\frac{a^3+b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+...\)
=> \(2P=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}+....\)
Xét \(\frac{a^2-ab+b^2}{a^2+ab+b^2}\ge\frac{1}{3}\)
<=> \(3\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\ge a^2+ab+b^2\)
<=> \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)(luôn đúng )
=> \(2P\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+b+c+a+c\right)=\frac{2}{3}.\left(a+b+c\right)\ge4\)
=> \(P\ge2\)
Vậy \(MinP=2\)khi a=b=c=2
Lưu ý : Chỗ .... là tương tự
a, \(\dfrac{b}{\left(a-4\right)^2}.\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a-4\right)^4}{b^2}}=\dfrac{b}{\left(a-4\right)^2}.\dfrac{\left(a-4\right)^2}{b}=1\)
b, Đặt \(B=\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}-y\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)
\(\sqrt{x}=a,\sqrt{y}=b\)
Ta có: \(B=\dfrac{a^3-b^3}{a-b}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{a-b}=a^2+ab+b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow B=x+\sqrt{xy}+y\)
Vậy...
c, \(\dfrac{a}{\left(b-2\right)^2}.\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(b-2\right)^4}{a^2}}=\dfrac{a}{\left(b-2\right)^2}.\dfrac{\left(b-2\right)^2}{a}=1\)
d, \(2x+\dfrac{\sqrt{1-6x+9x^2}}{3x-1}=2x+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(3x-1\right)^2}}{3x-1}=2x+1\)
a:b(a−4)2.√(a−4)4b2(b>0;a≠4)b(a−4)2.(a−4)4b2(b>0;a≠4)
= \(\dfrac{b}{\left(a-4\right)}.\dfrac{\sqrt{\left[\left(a-4\right)^2\right]^2}}{\sqrt{b^2}}\)
=\(\dfrac{b}{\left(a-4\right)^2}.\dfrac{\left(a-4\right)^2}{b}\)
= 1 ( nhân tử với tử mẫu với mẫu rồi rút gọn)
b:x√x−y√y√x−√y(x≥0;y≥0;x≠0)xx−yyx−y(x≥0;y≥0;x≠0)
=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x^3}-\sqrt{y^3}}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)
=\(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^3-\left(\sqrt{y}\right)^3}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)
=\(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right).\left(x+\sqrt{xy}+y\right)}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)(áp dụng hằng đẳng thức )
= (x+\(\sqrt{xy}\)+y)
c:a(b−2)2.√(b−2)4a2(a>0;b≠2)a(b−2)2.(b−2)4a2(a>0;b≠2)
Tương tự câu a
d:x(y−3)2.√(y−3)2x2(x>0;y≠3)x(y−3)2.(y−3)2x2(x>0;y≠3)
tương tự câu a
e:2x +√1−6x+9x23x−1
= \(2x+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(3x\right)^2-6x+1}}{3x-1}\)
= 2x+\(\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(3x-1\right)^2}}{3x-1}\)(hằng đẳng thức)
=2x+\(\dfrac{3x-1}{3x-1}\)
=2x+1
a) \(\left(x^2-4\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(3-2x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(3-2x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2-3+2x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(3x-1\right)\)
b) ĐKXĐ: x ≠ 5; x ≠ -5
Với điều kiện trên ta có:
\(\dfrac{x+5}{x^2-5x}-\dfrac{x-5}{2x^2+10x}=\dfrac{x+25}{2x^2-50}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+5}{x\left(x-5\right)}-\dfrac{x-5}{2x\left(x+5\right)}-\dfrac{x+25}{2\left(x^2-25\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+5}{x\left(x-5\right)}-\dfrac{x-5}{2x\left(x+5\right)}-\dfrac{x+25}{2\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x+5\right)^2-\left(x-5\right)^2-x\left(x+25\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+20x+50-x^2+10x-25-x^2-25x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x-25=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x=25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=5\)(Không thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là S = ∅
c) ĐKXĐ: x ≠ 1
Với điều kiện trên ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{x-1}-\dfrac{3x^2}{x^3-1}=\dfrac{2x}{x^2+x+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x-1}-\dfrac{3x^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\dfrac{2x}{x^2+x+1}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+x+1-3x^2-2x\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+1-3x^2-2x^2+2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x^2+3x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x^2+4x-x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(-4x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\-4x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\left(Khôngthoảman\right)\\x=-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(Thỏamãn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{-\dfrac{1}{4}\right\}\)
\(\left(\dfrac{x-4}{2x-4}+\dfrac{2}{x^2-2x}\right):\dfrac{x-2}{x+1}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x-4}{2\left(x-2\right)}+\dfrac{2}{x\left(x-2\right)}\right).\dfrac{x+1}{x-2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x-4\right)+4}{2x\left(x-2\right)}.\dfrac{x+1}{x-2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-4x+4}{2x\left(x-2\right)}.\dfrac{x+1}{x-2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2\left(x+1\right)}{2x\left(x-2\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+1}{2x}\)
Mình làm nốt bài 2 nhé :
\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}=1\)
⇔ \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)=a+b+c\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{a^2+a\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2+b\left(c+a\right)}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2+c\left(a+b\right)}{a+b}=a+b+c\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+a+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+b+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}+c=a+b+c\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}=0\)