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reduceding the relative claues using V-ing, v3/ ED, to V
13. neil armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon
=> Meil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon.
14. i come from a city that is located in the southern part of thr country
=> I come from a city located in the southern part of the country.
15. the children who attend that school receive a good education
=> The children attending that school receive a good education.
16. the scientists who are rasearching the cause of cancer are making progress
=> The scientists researching the cause of the cancer are making progress.
17. they live in a house that was built in
=> A house built in is lived.
18. we have an apartmentwhich overlooks the park
=> We have an apartment to overlook the park.
19. Yuri gagarin became the first man who flied into space
=>Yuri Gagarin became the first man to fly into space.
20. We stood on the bridge which connects the two halves of the building
=> The bridge connects the two hlaves of the building was stood on.
21. i come from a city which is located in the southern part of the coutry
=> I come from a city located in the southern part of the country.
reduceding the relative claues using V-ing, v3/ ED, to V
13. neil armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon
neil armstrong walked on the moon was the first man
14. i come from a city that is located in the southern part of thr country
i come from a city to locate in the southern part of thr country
15. the children who attend that school receive a good education
the children attending that school receive a good education
16. the scientists who are rasearching the cause of cancer are making progress
the scientists rasearching the cause of cancer are making progress
17. they live in a house that was built in
they built in a house to live
18. we have an apartmentwhich overlooks the park
we overlooking the park have an apartment
19. Yuri gagarin became the first man who flied into space
Yuri gagarin flied into space became the first man
20. We stood on the bridge which connects the two halves of the building
We stood on the bridge connects the two halves of the building
21. i come from a city which is located in the southern part of the coutry
i located in the southern part of the coutry come from a city
1. The cake was so stale that I couldn't eat it
=> It was such a stale cake that I couldn't eat it.
2. The boy is short that he can't swim in the pool
=> The boy is not tall enough to swim in the pool.
3. The fish is so stale that we couldn't eat it
=> The fish isn't fresh enough for us to eat.
4. Who does this bag belong to ?
=> Whose this bag is?
1. The cake was so stale that I couldn't eat it
=> It was such a stale cake that I couldn't eat it
2. The boy is short that he can't swim in the pool
=> The boy is not tall enough to swim in the pool
3. The fish is so stale that we couldn't eat it
=> The fish isn't fresh enough for us to eat
4. Who does this bag belong to ?
=> Whose is this bag
Rewrite the sentences using relatives clauses
1. Do you know the name of the hotel? John is staying at the hotel
=> Do you know the name of the hotel which John is staying at?
2. We enjoy this city.It has been renwed a lot after the war
=> We enjoy this city which has been renwed a lot after the war.
3. thte movie was interesting. We went to it
=> The movie which we went to was interesting.
4. i couldn't understand the woman. i talked to her on the phone
=> I couldn't understand the woman whom I talked to on the phone.
5.i want to tell you about the party. I went to it last night
=> I want to tell you about the party which I went to last night.
6. the music was gentle. We listened to it last night
=> The music which we listened to last night was gentle.
7. Alice likes the foreign family. she is living with them
=> Alice likes the foreign family whom she is living with.
8. the man is over there.i told you about him
=> The man whom I told you is over there.
9. the film is fantastic . They are talking about it
=> The film which is being talked is fantasic.
10. she's the nurse. we gave the flowers to her
=> She is the nurse whom we gave the flowers to.
11. we are speaking to the man. The mann was our new history teacher
=> The man whom we are speaking to was our new history teacher.
12. the teacher is Mr Pike. We studied with him last year
=> The teacher whom we studied last year is Mr Pike.
13. neil armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon
14. i come from a city that is located in the southern part of thr country
15. the children who attend that school receive a good education
16. the scientists who are rasearching the cause of cancer are making progress
17. they live in a house that was built in
18. we have an apartmentwhich overlooks the park
19. Yuri gagarin became the first man who flied into space
20. We stood on the bridge which connects the two halves of the building
21. i come from a city which is located in the southern part of the coutry
22.ther are somw words. they are very difficult to translate
=> There are some words which are very difficult to translate.
23. what is the name of the man? you borrowed his car
=> What is the name of the man whose car lent me?
24. this watch cots a lot of money. i have lost the watch
=> I have lost the watch which cost a lot of money.
25. we were given a lot of infomation. Most of the information was useless
=> We were given a lot of information and most of which was useless.
1. The man who is swimming in the lake is my father.
The man swimming in the lake is my father.
2. The survey which was conducted by the government did not indicate true public opinion.
The survey conducted by the government did not indicate true public opinion.
3. The person who will write reports is my colleague.
The person writing reports is my colleague.
4. This is the first man who was arrested by police yesterday.
This is the first man to be arrested by police yesterday.
5. The man who threw the bomb was arrested.'
The man throwing the bomb was arrested
6. The woman who wrote reports is my teacher.
The woman writing reports is my teacher.
7. The man who spoke to John is my brother.
The man speaking to John is my brother.
8. The book which was written by Shakespeare is interesting.
The book written by Shakespeare is interesting.
9. Yuri Gagarin was the first man who flew into space.
Yuri Gagarin was the first man to flow into space.
10. The only one who can understand this lesson is a good student.
The only one understanding this lesson is a good student.
11. Don’t let me be the last who knows your decision.
Don’t let me be the last to know your decision.
12. The man who was caught by the police last night was a notorious criminal.
The man caught by the police last night was a notorious criminal.
13. Any student who does not want to go on the trip should inform the office.
Any student not wanting to go on the trip should inform the office.
14. The man who saved me from the lake was very brave.
The man saving me from the lake was very brave.
15. Hamlet is a tragedy which was written by Shakespeare.
Hamlet is a tragedy written by Shakespeare.
16. The next train which leaves the station is to London.
The next train leaving the station is to London.
17. The road which connects Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh city is called Number 1.
The road connecting Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh city is called Number 1.
18. The man who sat next to me on the train looked gentle.
The man sitting next to me on the train looked gentle.
19. The steam engine which was invented by James Watt opened a new period in human development history
. The steam engine \ invented by James Watt opened a new period in human development history
20. I felt sorry for Paul, who was the only child on the block.
I felt sorry for Paul,the only child on the block.
21. The car which is running quickly is red colour.
The car running quickly is red colour.
22. The boy has a ball which he kicks everyday.
The boy has a ball he kicks everyday.
23. We learn english which we want to have better comminucation with other people.
We learn english to have better comminucation with other people.
24. I was born in Hanoi, which is the capital of Vietnam.
I was born in Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam.
25. We have an apartment which overlooks the park.
We have an apartment overlooking the park.
26. The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting.
The ideas presented in that book are interesting.
27. Are national parks good places that can house wild animals?
Are national parks good places to house wild animals?
28. The next question that they will consider is how to clean up the garbage.
The next question to be considered is how to clean up the garbage.
29. The noise which comes from the boat engine might disturb sea animals
The noise coming from the boat engine might disturb sea animals
1. I was so excited about going away that I couldn't sleep
2. It is such a narrow road that it is difficult for two cars to pass each other.
3. It was such warm weather that I didn't need a coat
4. He has got such big feet that he has difficult shoes to fit him
III. change these sentences into the passive voice:
1. you ought to water the plants everyday
=>....THE PLANTS OUGHT TO BE WATERED EVERY DAY............................
2. you must write your lesson in ink
=>..........YOUR LESSON MUST BE WRITTEN IN INK..................
3. do they give many courses in English during the summer break?
=>.......ARE MANY COURSES IN E GIVEN DURING THE SUMMER BREAK?...................
IV. combine each pair of these sentences, using the present paticipale ( V-ing ) or the past participle ( V-ed )
1. a new factory has just opened in our town. It employs more than 200 workers
.............A NEW FACTORY EMPLOYING MORE THAN 200 WORKERS HAS JUST OPENED IN OUR TOWN..........................
2. a boy was injured in the accident. he was taken to hospital
...........A BOY TAKEN TO HOSPITAL WAS INJURED IN THE ACCIDENT...................................
3. I didn't talk much to the man. the man was sitting next to me on the plane to Ha Noi
........I DIDN'T TALK MUCH TO THE MAN SITTING NEXT TO ME ON THE PLANE TO HN.................................
4. the man is my uncle. he wrote this poem
............THE MAN WRITING THIS POEM IS MY UNCLE....................
5. the street is very wide. It leads to our school
........THE STREET LEADING TO OUR SCHOOL IS VERY WIDE...........................
6. the book is mine. It is lying on the table
........THE BOOK LYING ON THE TABLE IS MINE.....................
7. my family is living in a house. the house was built in 2004
.......MY FAMILY IS LIVING IN A HOUSE BUILT IN 2004.............................
8. the chickens are very fat. they are raised on our farm
.....THE CHICKENS RAISED ON OUR FARM ARE VERY FAT..................................
9. the street are very wide. they are bordered with shops
..........THE STREETS BORDERED WITH SHOPS ARE VERY WIDE.......................................
10. the boy will be punished. he broke the shop window
.......THE BOY BREAKING THE SHOP WINDOW WILL BE PUNISHED............................
Rewrite each of other following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the one printed before it.
1. The man that we are talking about is a famous scientist.
> The man about...whom we are talking is a famous scientist.
2. The tree that we picked these fruits from is in front of the house.
> The tree from... which we picked these fruits is in front of the house.
3. The city that we were born in is very large.
> The city in... which we were born is very large.
4. Do you remember the day? We first met on that day.
> Do you remember the day on... which we first met.
5. The manager has just announced his retirement. We have all depended on him so much.
> The manager on... whom we have all depended so much has just announced his retirement.
6. The officer wasn't very friendly. I spoke to him yesterday.
> The officer to... whom I spoke yesterday wasn't very friendly.
7. The dog was very frightened. The boys threw stones at it.
> The dog at... which the boys threw stones was very frightened.
8. The road was built in 1980. We are driving on it.
> The road on... which we are driving was built in 1980.
9. Did you see letter? It came yesterday morning.
> Did you... the letter coming yesterday morning?
10. This is Red Hotel, and it is the biggest hotel in the city.
> This is Red Hotel, which... is the biggest hotel in the city.
Rewrite each of other following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the one printed before it.
1. The man that we are talking about is a famous scientist.
\(\Rightarrow\) The man about whom we are talking is a famous scientist.
2. The tree that we picked these fruits from is in front of the house.
\(\Rightarrow\) The tree from which we picked these fruits is in front of the house.
3. The city that we were born in is very large.
\(\Rightarrow\) The city in which we were born is very large.
4. Do you remember the day? We first met on that day.
\(\Rightarrow\) Do you remember the day on which we first met.
5. The manager has just announced his retirement. We have all depended on him so much.
\(\Rightarrow\) The manager on whom we have all depended so much has just announced his retirement.
6. The officer wasn't very friendly. I spoke to him yesterday.
\(\Rightarrow\) The officer to whom I spoke yesterday wasn't very friendly.
7. The dog was very frightened. The boys threw stones at it.
\(\Rightarrow\) The dog at which the boys threw stones was very frightened.
8. The road was built in 1980. We are driving on it.
\(\Rightarrow\) The road on which we are driving was built in 1980.
9. Did you see letter? It came yesterday morning.
\(\Rightarrow\) Did you the letter coming yesterday morning?
10. This is Red Hotel, and it is the biggest hotel in the city.
\(\Rightarrow\) This is Red Hotel, which is the biggest hotel in the city.
Good luck!
Combine these pairs of sentrnces using relative clauses, sdd commas if necessary
1. Nam’s uncle is working in Binh Duong. It is a province with many industrial zones
-> Nam’s uncle is working in Binh Duong, which is a province with many industrial zones.
2. Hawaii is a favorite vacation spot. It
-> Hawaii, which is a favorite vacation spot, consists of eight principle islands.
3. He like Mexico city. He workes there last year
-> He like Mexico city, where he workes last year.
4. Tomorrow I’m going to the station to meet my friend. She comes to stay with us
-> Tomorrow I’m going to the station to meet my friend, who comes to stay with us.
5. Is that the place ? They will celebrate the festival there
-> Is that the place where they will celebrate the festival?
6. My brother is visiting New York . He sent me this postcard
-> My brother, who is visiting New York, sent me this postcard.
7. I must thank the people. I got a present from them
-> I must thank the people whom I got a present from.
8. The boy was taken to the hospital. He was injured in the accident
-> The boy who was taken to the hospital was injured in the accident.
9. Professor Lee is an excellent teacher. He teaches chemistry
-> Professor Lee, who is an excellent teacher, teaches chemistry.
10. This is the house. I used to live in this house
-> This is the house which I used to live in.