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2/ Ta có \(\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\ge\frac{8}{3}\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+2\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\ge\frac{8}{3}\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\right)+6\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\ge8\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ad+d^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bd+d^2\right)+\left(c^2-2cd+d^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(a-d\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(b-d\right)^2+\left(c-d\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
Vậy bđt ban đầu được chứng minh.
a.
\(\frac{x^2}{4}+x+3=\frac{x^2}{4}+x+1+2=\left(\frac{x}{2}+1\right)^2+2>0;\forall x\)
b.
\(A=-3x^2+2x-5=-3\left(x^2-2.\frac{1}{3}x+\frac{1}{9}\right)-\frac{14}{3}=-3\left(x-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2-\frac{14}{3}\le-\frac{14}{3}\)
\(A_{max}=-\frac{14}{3}\) khi \(x=\frac{1}{3}\)
c.
Đề thiếu (để ý 2 số hạng cuối)
\(A=x^4-2x^3+x^2+3x^2-6x+3-1\)
\(=\left(x^2-x\right)^2+3\left(x-1\right)^2-1\ge-1\)
\(A_{min}=-1\) khi \(x=1\)
d.
\(27x^2-\frac{9}{2}x+\frac{3}{16}=3\left(9x^2-\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{1}{16}\right)=3\left(3x-\frac{1}{4}\right)^2\)
e.
\(=\left[\left(b+c\right)+a\right]^2+\left[\left(b+c\right)-a\right]^2+\left[a-\left(b-c\right)\right]^2+\left[a+\left(b-c\right)\right]^2\)
\(=2\left(b+c\right)^2+2a^2+2a^2+2\left(b-c\right)^2\)
\(=4a^2+2b^2+4bc+2c^2+2b^2-4bc+2c^2\)
\(=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
f.
\(\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)=a^2c^2+b^2d^2+a^2d^2+b^2c^2\)
\(=\left(a^2c^2+b^2d^2+2ac.bd\right)+\left(a^2d^2+b^2c^2-2ad.bc\right)\)
\(=\left(ac+bd\right)^2+\left(ad-bc\right)^2\)
bạn phải tách từng câu ra. chứ kiểu này k ai trả lời cho đâu
2)
a)x2-y2=(x+y).(x-y)=(87+13).(87-13)=100.74=7400
b)x3-3x2+3x-1=(x-1)3=(101-1)3=1003=1000000
c)x3+9x2+27x+27=(x+3)3=(97+3)3=1003=1000000
4)
a)x2-6x+10=x2-6x+9+1=(x-3)2+1>=1>0 voi moi x
b)4x-x2-5= -(x2-4x+5)= -(x2-4x+4+1)= -(x-2)2 - 1<0 voi moi x
áp dụng bđt cauchy-shwarz dạng engel
\(\text{ Σ}_{cyc}\frac{a^2}{b+c}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}\)\(=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Ta có hđt \(\text{ Σ}_{cyc}a^3-3abc=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\)
Mà a+b+c khác 0 nên a = b = c
\(\Rightarrow N=1\)
Bài 2,
\(B=x^2-3x+5\)
\(=\left(x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)+\dfrac{11}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{11}{4}\ge\dfrac{11}{4}\forall x\)
Vậy : Min B = \(\dfrac{11}{4}\) khi \(x-\dfrac{3}{2}=0\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(c,x^2-x+6=\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{23}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{23}{4}\ge\dfrac{23}{4}\forall x\)
vậy Min C = \(\dfrac{23}{4}\) khi \(x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(d,M=4x^2-4x+4=\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)+3\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2+3\forall x\)
vậy Min M = 3 khi \(2x-1=0\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(e,x^2-x=\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\ge-\dfrac{1}{4}\forall x\)
vậy Min N = \(-\dfrac{1}{4}\) khi \(x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)