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\(4M+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2M_2O\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ n_{oxit}=2.0,03=0,06\left(mol\right)\\ M_{oxit}=2M_M+16=\dfrac{3,72}{0,06}=62\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow M_M=\dfrac{62-16}{2}=23\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\left(M:Natri\left(Na=23\right)\right)\)
a) 2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
b) Gọi số mol Mg, Al là a, b
=> 24a + 27b = 7,8
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
______a--->0,5a-------->a
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
b-->0,75b------->0,5b
=> 0,5a + 0,75b = 0,2
=> a = 0,1 ; b = 0,2
=> mMg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g); mAl = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Mg=\dfrac{2,4}{7,8}.100\%=30,769\%\\\%Al=\dfrac{5,4}{7,8}.100\%=69,231\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgO}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> m = 4 + 10,2 = 14,2 (g)
\(2M+O_2\to 2MO\\ n_{O_2}=\frac{8,4}{22,4}=0,375mol\\ n_M=2n_{O_2}=2.0,375=0,75mol\\ m_M=\frac{18}{0,75}=24 (g/mol)\\ \Rightarrow M: Mg( Magie)\)
\(4R+nO_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2R_2O_n\)
\(.......0.2......\dfrac{0.4}{n}\)
\(M_{R_2O_n}=\dfrac{16}{\dfrac{0.4}{n}}=40n\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2R+16n=40n\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2R=24n\)
\(\Leftrightarrow R=12n\)
\(BL:n=2\Rightarrow R=24\)
\(CT:MgO\)
a) \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{9,2}{23}=0,4\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4Na + O2 --to--> 2Na2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{4}>\dfrac{0,05}{1}\) => Na dư, O2 hết
PTHH: 4Na + O2 --to--> 2Na2O
0,2<-0,05------>0,1
=> \(m_{Na\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,4-0,2\right).23=4,6\left(g\right)\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{4,6}{9,2+0,05.32}.100\%=42,6\%\\\%m_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{0,1.62}{9,2+0,05.32}.100\%=57,4\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{9.2}{23}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1.12}{22.4}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
=>Na dư 0,35 mol
b: \(4Na+O_2\rightarrow2Na_2O\)
PT: \(4M+nO_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2M_2O_n\)
Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_M=\dfrac{4}{n}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{n}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M_M=\dfrac{2,4}{\dfrac{0,2}{n}}=12n\left(g/mol\right)\)
Với n = 2, M = 24 (g/mol) là thỏa mãn.
Vậy: M là Mg.