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a) Ta có:
S = 1/5 + 1/13 + 1/14 + 1/15 + 1/61 + 1/62 + 1/63
Ta thấy:
1/13 < 1/12 ; 1/14 < 1/12 ; 1/15 < 1/12
=> 1/13 + 1/14 + 1/15 < 1/12 + 1/12 + 1/12 = 1/12 . 3 = 1/4 (1)
1/61 < 1/60 ; 1/62 < 1/60 ; 1/63 < 1/60
=> 1/61 + 1/62 + 1/63 < 1/60 + 1/60 + 1/60 = 1/60. 3 = 1/20 (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
=> 1/13 + 1/14 + 1/15 + 1/61 + 1/62 + 1/63 < 1/4 + 1/20
=>S = 1/5 + 1/13 + 1/14 + 1/15 + 1/61 + 1/62 + 1/63 < 1/4 + 1/20 + 1/5 = 5/20 + 1/20 + 4/20 = 10/20 = 1/2 (ĐPCM)
b) Ta có:
\(P=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{20}}\)
\(2P=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{19}}\)
\(2P-P=1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{19}}-\frac{1}{2^{19}}-\frac{1}{2^{20}}\)
\(P=1-\frac{1}{2^{20}}< 1\)
=> P < 1
a,Ta có: \(\frac{3}{10}=\frac{3}{10};\frac{3}{11}< \frac{3}{10};\frac{3}{12}< \frac{3}{10};\frac{3}{13}< \frac{3}{10};\frac{3}{14}< \frac{3}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{3}{10}+\frac{3}{10}+\frac{3}{10}+\frac{3}{10}+\frac{3}{10}=\frac{15}{10}=\frac{3}{2}=1,5\left(1\right)\)
Lại có: \(\frac{3}{10}>\frac{3}{15};\frac{3}{11}>\frac{3}{15};\frac{3}{12}>\frac{3}{15};\frac{3}{13}>\frac{3}{15};\frac{3}{14}>\frac{3}{15}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{3}{15}+\frac{3}{15}+\frac{3}{15}+\frac{3}{15}+\frac{3}{15}=\frac{15}{15}=1\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) => 1 < S < 1,5
Vậy...
b, \(A=\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{62}+...+\frac{1}{100}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{62}+...+\frac{1}{80}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{81}+\frac{1}{82}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{61}>\frac{1}{80};\frac{1}{62}>\frac{1}{80};...;\frac{1}{80}=\frac{1}{80}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{62}+...+\frac{1}{80}>\frac{1}{80}+\frac{1}{80}+...+\frac{1}{80}=\frac{20}{80}=\frac{1}{4}\left(1\right)\)
Lại có: \(\frac{1}{81}>\frac{1}{100};\frac{1}{82}>\frac{1}{100};...;\frac{1}{100}=\frac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{81}+\frac{1}{82}+...+\frac{1}{100}>\frac{1}{100}+\frac{1}{100}+...+\frac{1}{100}=\frac{20}{100}=\frac{1}{5}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(A>\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}=\frac{9}{20}\)
Vậy...
Ta có: \(A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{13}+\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{15}+\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{62}+\frac{1}{63}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{5}+\left(\frac{1}{13}+\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{15}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{62}+\frac{1}{62}+\frac{1}{63}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{15}.3+\frac{1}{63}.3\)
\(A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{21}\)
\(A=\frac{47}{105}\)
Mà: \(\frac{47}{105}< \frac{47}{94}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Nên \(A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{13}+\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{15}+\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{62}+\frac{1}{63}< \frac{1}{2}\)
vi 1/62>1/80 ;1/62>1/80:...:1/80=0/80
suy ra 1/61+1/62+1/63+...+1/80>1/80+1/80+1/80+...+1/80
moi ve co 20 so hang
Đặt :
\(A=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{15}+\dfrac{1}{61}+\dfrac{1}{62}+\dfrac{1}{63}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{5}+\left(\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{15}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{61}+\dfrac{1}{62}+\dfrac{1}{63}\right)\)
Ta thấy :
\(\dfrac{1}{13}< \dfrac{1}{12};\dfrac{1}{14}< \dfrac{1}{12};\dfrac{1}{15}< \dfrac{1}{12}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{61}< \dfrac{1}{60};\dfrac{1}{62}< \dfrac{1}{60};\dfrac{1}{63}< \dfrac{1}{60}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{5}+\left(\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{12}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{60}+\dfrac{1}{60}+\dfrac{1}{60}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{12}.3+\dfrac{1}{60}.3\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{20}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2}\rightarrowđpcm\)
~ Chúc bn học tốt ~