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Tìm x, y, z biết:
a) \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}\) và 2x + 3y + z = 17
Giải
Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2x}{4}=\dfrac{3y}{9}=\dfrac{z}{4}\) và 2x + 3y + z = 17
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\dfrac{2x}{4}=\dfrac{3y}{9}=\dfrac{z}{4}=\dfrac{2x+3y+z}{4+9+4}=\dfrac{17}{17}=1\)
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=1\Rightarrow x=2\)
\(\dfrac{y}{3}=1\Rightarrow y=3\)
\(\dfrac{z}{4}=1\Rightarrow z=4\)
Vậy...
b) \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}\) và (x - y)2 + (y - z)2 = 2
Giải
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2}{\left(2-3\right)^2+\left(3-4\right)^2}=\dfrac{2}{2}=1\)
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=1\Rightarrow x=2\)
\(\dfrac{y}{3}=1\Rightarrow y=3\)
\(\dfrac{z}{4}=1\Rightarrow z=4\)
Vậy...
Bạn tham khảo cách làm của bạn Thư Vy nhé :
Câu hỏi của George H. Dalton - Toán lớp 7 | Học trực tuyến
\(\frac{cy-bz}{x}=\frac{az-cx}{y}=\frac{bx-ay}{z}=\frac{xyc-bxz}{x^2}=\frac{ayz-xyc}{y^2}=\frac{xzb-ayz}{z^2}\)
\(=\frac{cxy-bxz+ayz-cxy+bxz-ayz}{x^2+y^2+z^2}=0\) ( theo t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau )
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}cy=bz\\az=cx\\bx=ay\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{c}{z}=\frac{b}{y}\\\frac{a}{x}=\frac{c}{z}\\\frac{b}{y}=\frac{a}{x}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}\)
\(\dfrac{5}{x}+\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{1}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{5}{x}=\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{y}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{5}{x}=\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{2y}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{5}{x}=\dfrac{1-2y}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(1-2y\right)=40\)
\(\Rightarrow x;1-2y\in U\left(40\right)\)
\(U\left(40\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm4;\pm5;\pm8;\pm10;\pm20;\pm40\right\}\)
Mà 1-2y lẻ nên:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-2y=1\Rightarrow2y=0\Rightarrow y=0\\x=40\\1-2y=-1\Rightarrow2y=2\Rightarrow y=1\\x=-40\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-2y=5\Rightarrow2y=-4\Rightarrow y=-2\\x=8\\1-2y=-5\Rightarrow2y=6\Rightarrow y=3\\x=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)
b tương tự.
c) \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1< 0\Rightarrow x< -1\\x-2>0\Rightarrow x>2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1>0\Rightarrow x>-1\\x-2< 0\Rightarrow x< 2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow-1< x< 2\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;1\right\}\)
d tương tự
\(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{7}{20}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{7}=\dfrac{y}{20}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{y}{z}=\dfrac{5}{8}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{8}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{32}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\dfrac{x}{7}=\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{32}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2x}{14}=\dfrac{5y}{100}=\dfrac{2z}{64}=\dfrac{2x+5y-2z}{14+100-64}=\dfrac{100}{50}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2.7=14\\y=2.20=40\\z=2.32=64\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy...
Ta có : \(\dfrac{x}{y}\) = \(\dfrac{7}{20}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{7}=\dfrac{y}{20}\) ( 1)
Ta có : \(\dfrac{y}{z}=\dfrac{5}{8}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{5}.\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{z}{8}.\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{32}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{x}{7}=\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{32}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{7}=\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{32}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow x=7k\) ; \(y=20k\) ; \(z=32k\)
Thay \(x=7k\) ; \(y=20k\) ; \(z=32k\) vào \(2x+5y-2z=100\)
\(\Rightarrow2.\left(7k\right)+5.\left(20k\right)-2.\left(32k\right)\) \(=100\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(14k+100k-64k=100\)
\(\Rightarrow k.\left(14+100-64\right)=100\)
\(\Rightarrow k.50=100\)
\(\Rightarrow k=100:50\) \(\Rightarrow k=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x=7k=7.2=14\)
\(\Rightarrow y=20k=20.2=40\)
\(\Rightarrow z=32k=32.2=64\)
Vậy \(x=14\) ; \(y=40\) ;\(z=64\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{x+y}>\dfrac{x}{x+y+z}\\\dfrac{y}{y+z}>\dfrac{y}{x+y+z}\\\dfrac{z}{x+z}>\dfrac{z}{x+y+z}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{y}{y+z}+\dfrac{z}{z+x}>\dfrac{x}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{y}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{z}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{y}{y+z}+\dfrac{z}{z+x}>1\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{x+y}< \dfrac{x+z}{x+y+z}\\\dfrac{y}{y+z}< \dfrac{y+x}{x+y+z}\\\dfrac{z}{x+z}< \dfrac{z+y}{x+y+z}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{y}{y+z}+\dfrac{z}{z+x}< \dfrac{x+z}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{y+x}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{z+y}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{y}{y+z}+\dfrac{z}{z+x}< \dfrac{x+z+y+x+z+y}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{y}{y+z}+\dfrac{z}{z+x}< \dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow1< \dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{y}{y+z}+\dfrac{z}{z+x}< 2\)
ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow40+2xy=x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(1-2y\right)=40\)
Do 40 có đúng 2 ước lẻ là 1 và -1; \(1-2y\) lẻ nên ta có các trường hợp:
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}1-2y=1\\x=40\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=0\\x=40\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}1-2y=-1\\x=-40\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=1\\x=-40\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{7}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2k\\y=5k\\z=7k\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay vào A ta có :
A=\(\dfrac{x-y+z}{x+2y-z}=\dfrac{2k-5k+7k}{2k+2.5k-7k}=\dfrac{4k}{5k}=\dfrac{4}{5}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{7}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{7}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2k;y=5k;z=7k\)
Theo đề ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{x-y+z}{x+2y-z}=\dfrac{2k-5k+7k}{2k+2\left(5k\right)-7k}\)
\(A=\dfrac{\left(2-5+7\right)k}{2k+10k-7k}=\dfrac{\left(2-5+7\right)k}{\left(2+10-7\right)k}\)
\(A=\dfrac{4k}{5k}=\dfrac{4}{5}\)
Vậy \(A=\dfrac{4}{5}\)
y+z+1 y+z+1 x = x+y+2 y = x+y-3 Z = 1 x+y+z = y+z+1+x+y+2+x+y-3 x+y+z = 2.x+2.y+2.z x+y+z = 2.(x+y+z) x+y+z =2 suy ra : 1 x+y+z =2suy ra x+y+z= 1 2 =0,5suy ra y+z=0,5-x x+y=0,5-z x+z=0,5-y Do đó 0,5-x+1 x =2 suy ra 0,5-z+1=2.x suy ra -3x-1,5 suy ra x=0,5 0,5-y+2 y =2 suy ra 0,5-y+2=2y suy ra-3y=-25 suy ra y= -5 2 . -1 3 = 5 6 x+y+z=0,5 suy ra z=0,5-x-y= 0,5-0,5- 5 6 = -5 6 Vậy: x=0,5 ; y=5/6 ; z= -5/6