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Cho 10,8 g FeO t/d vừa đủ với 100g dung dịch axit clohidric
a. Tính khối lượng axít đã dùng, từ đó suy ra nồng độ % của dung dịch axit?
b. Tính nồng độ % của dung dịch muối thu được sau phản ứng?
Giải:
a) nFeo=10,8/72=0,15
Phương trình hóa học:FeO + 2HCl----->FeCl2+H2O
Theo Phương trình: 1mol 2 mol 1mol
Theo đề bài: 0,15mol 0,3mol 0,15mol
\Rightarrowmhcl=0,3*36,5=10,95g
\Rightarrow C%HCl=mHCl/mDung dich=10,95/100*100=10,95%
b)Từ câu a\Rightarrow mFeCl2=0,15*127=19,05
mdung dich=10,8+100=110,8g
\RightarrowC%FeCl2=19,05/110,8*100=17,19%
PTHH: FeO + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl2 + H2O
Ta có: n FeO = \(\frac{10,8}{72}\) = 0,15 mol
Theo p.trình: n HCl=2.nFeO = 2.0,15=0,3 mol
\(\Rightarrow\) mHCl = 0,3 . 36,5 = 10,95g
\(\Rightarrow\) C% dd HCl = \(\frac{10,95}{100}.100\) = 10,95 %
Theo p.trình: nFeCl2 = nFeO = 0,15 mol
\(\Rightarrow\) mFeCl2 = 0,15 . 127 = 19,05 (g)
mdd FeCl2= 10,8 + 100= 110,8 g
\(\Rightarrow\) C% dd muối = \(\frac{19,05}{110,8}.100\) = 17,19%
\(n_{FeO}=\frac{10,8}{72}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\)
\(\left(mol\right)\)___\(0,15\)____\(0,3\)_____\(0,15\)___\(0,15\)
a) \(m_{HCl}=0,3.36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{HCl}=\frac{m_{HCl}}{M_{HCl}}.100\%=\frac{10,95}{100}.100\%=10,95\%\)
b) \(m_{H_2O}=0,15.18=2,7\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddFeCl_2}=m_{FeO}+m_{ddHCl}+m_{H_2O}=10,8+100+2,7=113,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,15.127=19,05\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{FeCl_2}=\frac{19,05}{113,5}.100\%\approx16,78\%\)
`a)PTHH:`
`Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl_2 + H_2`
`0,02` `0,02` `0,02` `(mol)`
`n_[Zn]=[1,3]/65=0,02(mol)`
`b)V_[H_2]=0,02.22,4=0,448(l)`
`c)C%_[ZnCl_2]=[0,02.136]/[1,3+50-0,02.2].100~~5,31%`
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1,3}{65}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,02 0,04 0,02 0,02 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,02.22,4=0,448\left(l\right)\)
\(C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,02.136}{1,3+50-0,02.2}.100=5,3\%\)
`a)PTHH:`
`Mg + H_2 SO_4 -> MgSO_4 + H_2`
`0,2` `0,2` `0,2` `(mol)`
`n_[Mg]=[4,8]/24=0,2(mol)`
`b)m_[MgSO_4]=0,2.120=24(g)`
`c)C%_[MgSO_4]=24/[4,8+50-0,2.2].100~~44,12%`
`a)PTHH:`
`2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2`
`0,2` `0,6` `0,3` `(mol)`
`n_[Al]=[5,4]/27=0,2(mol)`
`b)V_[H_2]=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)`
`c)m_[dd HCl]=[0,6.36,5]/10 . 100 =219(g)`
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200\cdot4\%}{40}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)
\(0.2..............0.1..............0.1\)
\(V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.1}{0.2}=0.5\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0.1\cdot142=14.2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd}=200+510=710\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{14.2}{710}\cdot100\%=2\%\)
Ta có: mNaOH = 200.4% = 8 (g)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
_____0,2______0,1_______0,1 (mol)
a, \(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(l\right)\)
b, Chất có trong dd sau pư là Na2SO4.
Ta có: m dd sau pư = m dd NaOH + m dd H2SO4 = 200 + 510 = 710 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.142}{710}.100\%=2\%\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a, Theo gt ta có: \(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{10}{72}=\dfrac{5}{36}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\) (1)
Theo (1);gt: \(\dfrac{5}{36}....\dfrac{5}{18}.....\dfrac{5}{36}....\dfrac{5}{36}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=\dfrac{5}{18}.36,5=\dfrac{365}{36}\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow\%C_{HCl}=\dfrac{\dfrac{365}{36}.100\%}{100}\approx10,14\%\)
b, Theo pt (*) ta có: \(m_{H_2O}=\dfrac{5}{36}.18=2,5\left(g\right);m_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{5}{36}.127=\dfrac{635}{36}\left(g\right)\)
Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng cho pt (*); gt và dung dịch ta có:
\(m_{FeCl_2}=m_{FeO}+m_{FeCl_2}+m_{H_2O}=10+100+2,5=112,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%C_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{635}{36}.100\%0}{112,5}\approx15,68\%\)
\(\)
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
_____0,2____0,4_____0,2___0,2 (mol)
b, Ta có: m dd sau pư = mZn + m dd HCl - mH2 = 13 + 100 - 0,2.2 = 112,6 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.136}{112,6}.100\%\approx24,16\%\)
c, Ta có: mHCl = 0,4.36,5 = 14,6 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{100}.100\%=14,6\%\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a, PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ➝ ZnCl2 + H2
(mol) 1 2 1 1
(mol) 0.2
b, nZn=13 :65 =0.2 (mol)
Theo PTHH: nZnCl2=(0.2x1):1=0.2(mol)
→mZnCl2=0.2x(65+2x35.5)=27.2(g)
⇒C%ZnCl2=27.2:100x100=27.2(%)
c,Theo PTHH: nHCl =(0.2 x 2) :1=0.4(mol)
➝mHCl=0.4x(1+35.5)=14.6(g)
⇒C%HCl=14.6:100x100%=14.6(%)
\(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{10.8}{72}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\)
\(0.15.......0.3.............0.15\)
\(m_{HCl}=0.3\cdot36.5=10.95\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%HCl=\dfrac{10.95}{100}\cdot100\%=10.95\%\)
\(m_{dd}=10.8+100=110.8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0.15\cdot127=19.05\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%FeCl_2=\dfrac{19.05}{110.8}\cdot100\%=17.19\%\)
nFeO=10.872=0.15(mol)nFeO=10.872=0.15(mol)
FeO+2HCl→FeCl2+H2OFeO+2HCl→FeCl2+H2O
0.15.......0.3.............0.150.15.......0.3.............0.15
mHCl=0.3⋅36.5=10.95(g)mHCl=0.3⋅36.5=10.95(g)
C%HCl=10.95100⋅100%=10.95%C%HCl=10.95100⋅100%=10.95%
mdd=10.8+100=110.8(g)mdd=10.8+100=110.8(g)
mFeCl2=0.15⋅127=19.05(g)mFeCl2=0.15⋅127=19.05(g)
C%FeCl2=19.05110.8⋅100%=17.19%C%FeCl2=19.05110.8⋅100%=17.19%