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PTHH: CaCO3 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) CaO + CO2
Theo PT: 100g → 56g
Theo bài: 500g → x (g)
\(m_{CaO}lt=\dfrac{500\times56}{100}=280\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow H=\dfrac{m_{CaO}tt}{m_{CaO}lt}\times100\%=\dfrac{224}{280}\times100\%=80\%\)
Đặt \(n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\)
Rắn gồm \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Fe\\Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(PTHH:Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\\ \left(mol\right)....0,5x.........\leftarrow x\)
\(m_{Fe}+m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=m_{rắn}\\ \Leftrightarrow56x+\left(24-0,5x.160\right)=19,2\\ \Leftrightarrow56x+24-80x=19,2\\ \Leftrightarrow24x=4,8\\ \Leftrightarrow x=0,2\)
\(H=\dfrac{m_{Fe_2O_3\left(pư\right)}}{m_{Fe_2O_3}}.100\%=\dfrac{m_{Fe_2O_3}-m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}}{m_{Fe_2O_3}}.100\%=\left(1-\dfrac{m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}}{m_{Fe_2O_3}}\right).100\%=\left(1-\dfrac{24-0,5.0,2.160}{24}\right).100\%=\dfrac{200}{3}\approx66,67\%\)
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\uparrow\\ Theo.pt:n_K=2n_{H_2}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_K=0,2.39=7,8\left(g\right)\\ m_{K_2O}=17,2-7,8=9,4\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{CuO\left(bđ\right)}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\\ LTL:0,15>0,1\Rightarrow Cu.dư\)
Gọi nCuO (pư) = a (mol)
=> nCu = a (mol)
mchất rắn sau pư = 80(0,15 - a) + 64a = 10,8
=> a = 0,075 (mol)
=> nH2 (pư) = 0,075 (mol)
\(H=\dfrac{0,075}{0,1}=75\%\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{20}{100}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CaCO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}CaO+H_2O\)
\(n_{CaO\left(LT\right)}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CaO\left(LT\right)}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow H=\dfrac{8}{11,2}.100\%\approx71,43\%\)
H2+CuO-to>Cu+H2O
0,22---------------0,22
n H2=\(\dfrac{4,928}{22,4}\)=0,22 mol
n CuO=\(\dfrac{20}{80}\)=0,25 mol
=>H2 hết , CuO dư
=>m Cu =0,22.64=14,08g
=>H=\(\dfrac{12}{14,08}.100\)=85,23%
nH2 = 0,22 (mol)
nCuO = 20/80 = 0,25 (mol)
nCu (TT) = 12/64 = 0,1875 (mol)
PTHH: CuO + H2 -> (t°) Cu + H2O
LTL: 0,25 > 0,22 => CuO dư
nCu (LT) = nH2 = 0,22 (mol)
H = 0,1875/0,22 = 85,22%
\(n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{19.5}{78}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3\left(pư\right)}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Al_2O_3+3H_2O\)
\(a...............0.5a\)
\(m_{Cr}=m_{Al_2O_3}+m_{Al\left(OH\right)_3\left(dư\right)}=102\cdot0.5a+19.5-78a=15.45\left(g\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=0.15\)
\(H\%=\dfrac{0.15}{0.25}\cdot100\%=60\%\)
a)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{24}{80}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
Xét tỉ lệ \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,25}{1}\)=> Hiệu suất tính theo H2
Gọi số mol CuO phản ứng là a
=> nCu = a (mol)
Có: (0,3-a).80 + 64a = 20,8
=> a = 0,2 (mol)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b) \(H\%=\dfrac{0,2}{0,25}.100\%=80\%\)
Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2 (1)
nZn=0,1(mol)
Từ 1:
nZnCl2=nH2=nZn=0,1(mol)
mZnCl2=136.0,1=13,6(g)
VH2=0,1.22,4=2,24(lít)
CuO +H2 -> Cu + H2O (2)
Từ 2:
nO=nH2=0,1(mol)
mO=16.0,1=1,6(g)
mchất rắn còn lại=10-1,6=8,4(g)
Chúc Bạn Học Tốt
\(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{224}{56}=4\left(mol\right)\)
\(CaCO_3\underrightarrow{^{^{t^o}}}CaO+CO_2\)
\(4................4\)
\(m_{CaCO_3}=4\cdot100=400\left(g\right)\)
\(H=\dfrac{400}{500}\cdot100\%=80\%\)
PTHH: CaCO3 to→��→ CaO + CO2
Theo PT: 100g → 56g
Theo bài: 500g → x (g)
mCaOlt=500×56100=280(g)������=500×56100=280(�)
⇒H=mCaOttmCaOlt×100%=224280×100%=80%