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Câu 32: Nếu đốt cháy hoàn toàn 2,4g cacbon trong 4,8g oxi thì thu được tối đa bao nhiêu gam khí CO2?
\(S_xO_y\)
\(x:y=\dfrac{12}{32}:\dfrac{18}{16}=0,375:1,125=1:3\)
\(\Rightarrow CTHH:SO_3\)
=> Chọn B
\(PTHH:C+O_2-^{t^o}>CO_2\)
áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng ta có
\(m_C+m_{O_2}=m_{CO_2}\\ =>1,2+4,8=m_{CO_2}\\ =>m_{CO_2}=6\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: C + O2 -> (t°) CO2
Mol: 0,2 ---> 0,2 ---> 0,2
VCO2 = 0,2. 22,4 = 4,48 (l)
Câu 1:
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: C + O2 --to--> CO2
0,15<-----------0,15
=> \(\%C=\dfrac{0,15.12}{2}.100\%=90\%\)
Câu 2:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,2<-------------------0,3
=> mAl = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)
Câu 1.
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\)
0,15 0,15
\(m_C=0,15\cdot12=1,8g\)
\(\%C=\dfrac{1,8}{2}\cdot100\%=90\%\)
Câu 2.
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,3
\(m_{Al}=0,2\cdot27=5,4g\)
\(a,m_C=48\left(g\right)\rightarrow n_C=\dfrac{m_C}{M_C}=\dfrac{48}{12}=4\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{O_2}=44,8\left(l\right)\rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{44,8}{22,4}=2\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\)
\(pt:\) \(1mol\) \(1mol\)
\(đb:\) \(4mol\) \(2mol\)
Xét tỉ lệ:
\(\dfrac{n_{C\left(đb\right)}}{n_{C\left(pt\right)}}=\dfrac{4}{1}=4>\dfrac{n_{O_2\left(đb\right)}}{n_{O_2\left(pt\right)}}=\dfrac{2}{1}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(O_2\) hết, \(C\) dư.
\(b,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\)
\(pt:\) \(1mol\) \(1mol\)
\(đb:\) \(2mol\) \(2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=n_{CO_2}.M_{CO_2}=2.\left(1.C+2.O\right)=2.\left(1.12+2.16\right)=88\left(g\right)\)
\(a.n_C=\dfrac{48}{12}=4\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=\dfrac{44,8}{22,4}=2\left(mol\right)\\ C+O_2\xrightarrow[t^0]{}CO_2\)
Theo pt:\(\dfrac{4}{1}>\dfrac{2}{1}\Rightarrow C\) dư, O2 pư hết
\(b.C+O_2\xrightarrow[t^0]{}CO_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=n_{O_2}=2mol\\ m_{CO_2}=2.44=88\left(g\right)\)
\(n_C=\dfrac{14,4}{44}=\dfrac{18}{55}\left(mol\right)\\ C+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2\\ n_{O_2}=n_C=n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{18}{55}\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{18}{55}.22,4=\dfrac{2016}{275}\left(lít\right)\\ b,V_{kk}=\dfrac{100}{21}.\dfrac{2016}{275}=\dfrac{381}{11}\left(lít\right)\\ c,2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2KCl+3O_2\\ n_{KClO_3\left(LT\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{18}{55}=\dfrac{12}{55}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{KClO_3\left(TT\right)}=120\%.\dfrac{12}{55}=\dfrac{72}{275}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=122,5.\dfrac{72}{275}=\dfrac{1764}{55}\left(g\right)\)
\(n_C=\dfrac{1.2}{12}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(C+O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}CO_2\)
\(0.1.....0.1\)
\(V_{O_2}=0.1\cdot22.4=2.24\left(l\right)\)
nC=1,2/12=0,1(mol)
PTHH:C + O2 -to-> CO2
0,1________0,1____0,1
V(O2,đktc)=0,1 x 22,4=2,24(l)
\(n_C=\dfrac{2.4}{12}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4.8}{32}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}CO_2\)
\(....0.15...0.15\)
\(V_{CO_2}=0.15\cdot22.4=3.36z9l\)