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TN
0
NC
CMR:
a) n5 - n chia hết cho 30 với n thuộc N
b) n4-10n2 + 9 chia hết cho 384 với mọi n lẻ, n thuộc Z
1
23 tháng 7 2020
a) Áp dụng định lí nhỏ Fermat vào biểu thức \(n^5-n\), ta được:
\(n^5-n⋮5\)(vì 5 là số nguyên tố)
Ta có: \(n^5-n\)
\(=n\left(n^4-1\right)\)
\(=n\left(n^2-1\right)\left(n^2+1\right)\)
\(=\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)\cdot\left(n^2+1\right)\)
Vì n-1 và n là hai số nguyên liên tiếp nên \(\left(n-1\right)\cdot n⋮2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)⋮2\)
Vì n-1; n và n+1 là ba số nguyên liên tiếp nên \(\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)⋮3\)
mà \(\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)⋮2\)(cmt)
và ƯCLN(2;3)=1
nên \(\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)⋮2\cdot3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)⋮6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)\cdot\left(n^2+1\right)⋮6\)
hay \(n^5-n⋮6\)
mà \(n^5-n⋮5\)(cmt)
và ƯCLN(6;5)=1
nên \(n^5-n⋮6\cdot5\)
hay \(n^5-n⋮30\)(đpcm)
NT
1
NL
22 tháng 1 2018
\(n^5-n=n\left(n^4-1\right)=n\left(n^2+1\right)\left(n^2-1\right)=n\left(n^2+1\right)\left(n+1\right)\left(n-1\right)\)
\(=\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\left(n^2-4+5\right)=\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n-2\right)+5n\left(n+1\right)\left(n-1\right)⋮5\)
LT
0
27 tháng 12 2017
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28 tháng 12 2017
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P
3
BD
2 tháng 8 2017
Ta có: n5 – n = n.(n4 – 1) = n.(n4 – n2 + n2 – 1)
= n.[(n4 – n2) + (n2 – 1)]
= n.[n2(n2 – 1) + (n2 – 1)]
= n.(n2 – 1).(n2 + 1)
= n.(n2 – n + n – 1)(n2 + 1)
= n.[(n2 – n) + (n – 1)].(n2 + 1)
= n.[n(n- 1) + (n – 1)].(n2 + 1)
= n.(n – 1).(n + 1).(n2 + 1)
Vì (n – 1); n; (n + 1) là ba số tự nhiên liên tiếp nên n5 – n chia hết cho 3 (1)
Mặt khác: n5 = n4+1 có chữ số tận cùng giống chữ số tận cùng của n
=> n5 – n có chữ số tận cùng bằng 0.
=> n5 – n chia hết cho 10 (2)
Từ (1), (2) suy ra: n5 – n chia hết cho 3 và 10, (3, 10) = 1 nên suy ra: n5 – n chia hết cho 30 (đpcm).
21 tháng 9 2017
Ta có: n5 – n = n.(n4 – 1) = n.(n4 – n2 + n2 – 1)
= n.[(n4 – n2) + (n2 – 1)]
= n.[n2(n2 – 1) + (n2 – 1)]
= n.(n2 – 1).(n2 + 1)
= n.(n2 – n + n – 1)(n2 + 1)
= n.[(n2 – n) + (n – 1)].(n2 + 1)
= n.[n(n- 1) + (n – 1)].(n2 + 1)
= n.(n – 1).(n + 1).(n2 + 1)
Vì (n – 1); n; (n + 1) là ba số tự nhiên liên tiếp nên n5 – n chia hết cho 3 (1)
Mặt khác: n5 = n4+1 có chữ số tận cùng giống chữ số tận cùng của n
=> n5 – n có chữ số tận cùng bằng 0.
=> n5 – n chia hết cho 10 (2)
Từ (1), (2) suy ra: n5 – n chia hết cho 3 và 10, (3, 10) = 1 nên suy ra: n5 – n chia hết cho 30 (đpcm).
Chứng tỏ hả bạn