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\(TH1;n=3k\)\(\Rightarrow10^n+18n-1=\)\(10^{3k}+18.3k-1=1000^k+54k-1\equiv1+54k-1\left(mod27\right)\equiv0\left(mod27\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(TH2;n=3k+1\Rightarrow10^n+18n-1=10^{3k+1}+18.\left(3k+1\right)-1\)\(=10^{3k}.10+18.\left(3k+1\right)-1=1000^k.10+54k+18-1\)\(\equiv1.10+54k+17\left(mod27\right)\equiv54k+27\left(mod27\right)\equiv0\left(mod27\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(TH3;n=3k+2\Rightarrow10^n+18n-1=10^{3k+2}+54k+36-1\)\(=1000^{3k}.100+54k+35\equiv1.100+54k+35\left(mod27\right)\)\(\equiv54k+135\left(mod27\right)\equiv0\left(mod27\right)\left(3\right)\)\(Từ\left(1\right);\left(2\right);\left(3\right)\Rightarrow10^n+18n-1⋮27,\forall n\in N\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
1) Có: \(2n+7=2(n+1)+5\)
Mà \(2\left(n+1\right)⋮n+1\)
\(\Rightarrow5⋮n+1\Rightarrow n+1\inƯ\left(5\right)\left\{1;5\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}n+1=1\\n+1=5\end{cases}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}n=0\\n=4\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy \(n\in\left\{0;4\right\}\) thoả mãn
2) Có: \(n+6=\left(n+2\right)+4\)
Mà \(n+2⋮n+2\Rightarrow4⋮n+2\Rightarrow n+2\inƯ\left\{4\right\}=\left\{1;2;4\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow+n+2=4\Rightarrow n=2\)
\(+n+2=2\Rightarrow n=0\)
\(+n+2=1\Rightarrow n=-1\)
Vì \(n\inℕ\Rightarrow n\in\left\{2;0\right\}\)
_Thi tốt_
có 2n+1 chia hết cho n+1
=> n+n+1 chia hết cho n+1
=>n+1+n+1-1 chia hết cho n+1
=>2.[n+1] chia hết cho n+1
mà 2.[n+1] chia hết cho n+1
=> -1 chia hết cho n+1
=>n+1 thuộc Ư[-1]
=>n+1 thuộc {1 và -1}
=>n thuộc {0 và -2}
Vậy n thuộc {0 va -2}
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B1:
\(n^2+2n-7⋮n+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n\left(n+2\right)-7⋮n+2\)
Vì \(n\left(n+2\right)⋮n+2\Rightarrow-7⋮n+2\)
\(\Rightarrow n+2\inƯ\left(-7\right)=\left\{-1;1;-7;7\right\}\)
Ta có bảng sau:
Vậy để \(n^2+2n-7⋮n+2\) thì \(n\in\left\{-9;-3;-1;5\right\}\)