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Đặt \(a=\dfrac{1}{x};b=\dfrac{1}{y};c=\dfrac{1}{z}\Rightarrow xyz=1\) và \(x;y;z>0\)
Gọi biểu thức cần tìm GTNN là P, ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{x^3}\left(\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{y^3}\left(\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{z^3}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3yz}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^3zx}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^3xy}{x+y}=\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{y+z+z+x+x+y}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(P_{min}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=1\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)
Đặt \(a = \frac{1}{x} ; b = \frac{1}{y} ; c = \frac{1}{z} \Rightarrow x y z = 1\) và \(x ; y ; z > 0\)
Gọi biểu thức cần tìm GTNN là P, ta có:
\(P = \frac{1}{\frac{1}{x^{3}} \left(\right. \frac{1}{y} + \frac{1}{z} \left.\right)} + \frac{1}{\frac{1}{y^{3}} \left(\right. \frac{1}{z} + \frac{1}{x} \left.\right)} + \frac{1}{\frac{1}{z^{3}} \left(\right. \frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{y} \left.\right)}\)
\(= \frac{x^{3} y z}{y + z} + \frac{y^{3} z x}{z + x} + \frac{z^{3} x y}{x + y} = \frac{x^{2}}{y + z} + \frac{y^{2}}{z + x} + \frac{z^{2}}{x + y}\)
\(P \geq \frac{\left(\left(\right. x + y + z \left.\right)\right)^{2}}{y + z + z + x + x + y} = \frac{x + y + z}{2} \geq \frac{3 \sqrt[3]{x y z}}{2} = \frac{3}{2}\)
\(P_{m i n} = \frac{3}{2}\) khi \(x = y = z = 1\) hay \(a = b = c = 1\)
a.
\(A=\left(\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{x\left(x-1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}{x\left(x-2\right)}+\dfrac{x-2}{x}\right):\dfrac{x+1}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{x}+\dfrac{x+2}{x}+\dfrac{x-2}{x}\right):\dfrac{x+1}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x^2+3x+1}{x}\right).\dfrac{x}{x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+3x+1}{x+1}\)
2.
\(x^3-4x^3+3x=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2-4x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(loại\right)\\x=1\left(loại\right)\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(x=3\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{3^2+3.3+1}{3+1}=\dfrac{19}{4}\)
Bài 4:
a. Vì $\triangle ABC\sim \triangle A'B'C'$ nên:
$\frac{AB}{A'B'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}=\frac{AC}{A'C'}(1)$ và $\widehat{ABC}=\widehat{A'B'C'}$
$\frac{DB}{DC}=\frac{D'B'}{D'C}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{BD}{BC}=\frac{D'B'}{B'C'}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{BD}{B'D'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}(2)$
Từ $(1); (2)\Rightarrow \frac{BD}{B'D'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}=\frac{AB}{A'B'}$
Xét tam giác $ABD$ và $A'B'D'$ có:
$\widehat{ABD}=\widehat{ABC}=\widehat{A'B'C'}=\widehat{A'B'D'}$
$\frac{AB}{A'B'}=\frac{BD}{B'D'}$
$\Rightarrow \triangle ABD\sim \triangle A'B'D'$ (c.g.c)
b.
Từ tam giác đồng dạng phần a và (1) suy ra:
$\frac{AD}{A'D'}=\frac{AB}{A'B'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}$
$\Rightarrow AD.B'C'=BC.A'D'$
Ta có
\(BC\perp AB';B'C'\perp AB'\) => BC//B'C'
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{AB}{AB'}=\dfrac{BC}{B'C'}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{x+h}=\dfrac{a}{a'}\)
\(\Rightarrow a'x=ax+ah\Rightarrow x\left(a'-a\right)=ah\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{ah}{a'-a}\left(dpcm\right)\)
Xét tam giác ABCABC có BC⊥ AB′BC⊥ AB′ và B′C′⊥AB′B′C′⊥AB′ nên suy ra BCBC // B′C′B′C′.
Theo hệ quả định lí Thalès, ta có: ABAB′ =BCBC′AB′AB =BC′BC
Suy ra xx+h =aa′x+hx =a′a
a′.x=a(x+h)a′.x=a(x+h)
a′.x−ax=aha′.x−ax=ah
x(a′−a)=ahx(a′−
11)\(\dfrac{3x+1}{x-5}+\dfrac{2x}{x-5}=\dfrac{3x+2x+1}{x-5}=\dfrac{5x+1}{x-5}\)
12)\(\dfrac{4-x^2}{x-3}+\dfrac{2}{x^2-9}=\dfrac{4-x^2}{x-3}+\dfrac{2}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{\left(4-x^2\right)\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{2}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{2+\left(2-x\right)\left(2+x\right)\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
13)
\(\dfrac{3}{4x-2}+\dfrac{2x}{4x^2-1}=\dfrac{3}{2\left(2x-1\right)}+\dfrac{2x}{\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}=\dfrac{3\left(2x+1\right)}{2\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}+\dfrac{2.2x}{2\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}=\dfrac{6x+3+4x}{2\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}=\dfrac{10x+3}{2\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)
14)
\(\dfrac{2x+1}{2x-4}+\dfrac{5}{x^2-4}=\dfrac{2x+1}{2\left(x-2\right)}+\dfrac{5}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{\left(2x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{2\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{5.2}{2\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{2x^2+5x+12}{2\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)