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Bài 4:
a, \(\sqrt{3x+4}-\sqrt{2x+1}=\sqrt{x+3}\) (ĐK: \(x\ge\dfrac{-1}{2}\))
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\left(\sqrt{3x+4}-\sqrt{2x+1}\right)^2\) = x + 3
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(3x+4+2x+1-2\sqrt{\left(3x+4\right)\left(2x+1\right)}=x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(4x+2=2\sqrt{6x^2+11x+4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2x+1=\sqrt{6x^2+11x+4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(4x^2+4x+1=6x^2+11x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2x^2+7x+3=0\)
\(\Delta=7^2-4.2.3=25\); \(\sqrt{\Delta}=5\)
Vì \(\Delta\) > 0; theo hệ thức Vi-ét ta có:
\(x_1=\dfrac{-7+5}{4}=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)(TM); \(x_2=\dfrac{-7-5}{4}=-3\) (KTM)
Vậy ...
Các phần còn lại bạn làm tương tự nha, phần d bạn chuyển \(-\sqrt{2x+4}\) sang vế trái rồi bình phương 2 vế như bình thường là được
Bài 5:
a, \(\sqrt{x+4\sqrt{x}+4}=5x+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2}=5x+2\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\sqrt{x}+2=5x+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(5x-\sqrt{x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\sqrt{x}\left(5\sqrt{x}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=0\\5\sqrt{x}-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{1}{25}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
Phần b cũng là hằng đẳng thức thôi nha \(\sqrt{x^2-2x+1}=\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)^2}=x-1\); \(\sqrt{x^2+4x+4}=\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)^2}=x+2\) rồi giải như bình thường là xong nha!
VD1:
a, \(\sqrt{2x-1}=\sqrt{2}-1\) (x \(\ge\) \(\dfrac{1}{2}\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2x-1=\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2\) (Bình phương 2 vế)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2x-1=2-2\sqrt{2}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2x=4-2\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x=2-\sqrt{2}\) (TM)
Vậy ...
Phần b tương tự nha
c, \(\sqrt{3}x^2-\sqrt{12}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\sqrt{3}x^2=\sqrt{12}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x=\pm\sqrt{2}\)
Vậy ...
d, \(\sqrt{2}\left(x-1\right)-\sqrt{50}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\sqrt{2}\left(x-1\right)=\sqrt{50}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x-1=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x=6\)
Vậy ...
VD2:
Phần a dễ r nha (Bình phương 2 vế rồi tìm x như bình thường)
b, \(\sqrt{x^2-x}=\sqrt{3-x}\) (\(x\le3\); \(x^2\ge x\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2-x=3-x\) (Bình phương 2 vế)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x=\pm\sqrt{3}\) (TM)
Vậy ...
c, \(\sqrt{2x^2-3}=\sqrt{4x-3}\) (x \(\ge\) \(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2x^2-3=4x-3\) (Bình phương 2 vế)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2x^2-4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2x\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=0\\x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(KTM\right)\\x=2\left(TM\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
Chúc bn học tốt! (Có gì không biết cứ hỏi mình nha!)
Vd1:
d) Ta có: \(\sqrt{2}\left(x-1\right)-\sqrt{50}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}\left(x-1-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=6\)
Bạn xem lại đề câu b và c nhé !
a) \(\sqrt{x^2+2x+4}\ge x-2\) \(\left(ĐK:x\ge2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+4>x^2-4x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x>0\Leftrightarrow x>0\) kết hợp với ĐKXĐ
\(\Rightarrow x\ge2\) thỏa mãn đề.
d) \(x+y+z+4=2\sqrt{x-2}+4\sqrt{y-3}+6\sqrt{z-5}\)
\(ĐKXĐ:x\ge2,y\ge3,z\ge5\)
Pt tương đương :
\(\left(x-2-2\sqrt{x-2}+1\right)+\left(y-3-4\sqrt{y-3}+4\right)+\left(z-5-6\sqrt{z-5}+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-2}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-3}-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-5}-3\right)^2=0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-2}=1\\\sqrt{y-3}=2\\\sqrt{z-5}=3\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=7\\z=14\end{cases}}\) ( Thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ )
e) \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y-1}+\sqrt{z-2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\) (1)
\(ĐKXĐ:x\ge0,y\ge1,z\ge2\)
Phương trình (1) tương đương :
\(x+y+z-2\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{y-1}-2\sqrt{z-2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\sqrt{x}+1\right)+\left(y-1-2\sqrt{y-1}+1\right)+\left(z-2-2\sqrt{z-2}+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-2}-1\right)^2=0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}=1\\\sqrt{y-1}=1\\\sqrt{z-2}=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\\z=3\end{cases}}\)( Thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ )
\(1,\sqrt{x+2+4\sqrt{x-2}}=5\left(x\ge2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-2}+4\right)^2}=5\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}+4=5\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2=1\Leftrightarrow x=3\\ 2,\sqrt{x+3+4\sqrt{x-1}}=2\left(x\ge1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+4\right)^2}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+4=2\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=-2\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\left(\sqrt{x-1}\ge0\right)\)
\(3,\sqrt{x+\sqrt{2x-1}}=\sqrt{2}\left(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2};x\ne1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{2x-1}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2=-\sqrt{2x-1}\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+4=2x-1\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\left(tm\right)\\x=1\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4,\sqrt{x-2+\sqrt{2x-5}}=3\sqrt{2}\left(x\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-4+2\sqrt{2x-5}}=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}+1\right)^2}=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}+1=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}=5\\ \Leftrightarrow2x-5=25\Leftrightarrow x=15\left(TM\right)\)
a, ĐK: \(x\ge11\)
\(\sqrt{x+\sqrt{x-11}}+\sqrt{x-\sqrt{x-11}}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{x-11}+x-\sqrt{x-11}+2\sqrt{x^2-x+11}=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+2\sqrt{x^2-x+11}=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{x^2-x+11}=8\)
Ta thấy \(x+\sqrt{x^2-x+11}>11>\text{}8\)
\(\Rightarrow\) phương trình vô nghiệm.
\(a,\sqrt{x+\sqrt{x-11}}+\sqrt{x-\sqrt{x-11}}=4\left(x\ge11\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{x-11}+x-\sqrt{x-11}+2\sqrt{\left(x+\sqrt{x-11}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x-11}\right)}=16\\ \Leftrightarrow2x+2\sqrt{x^2-x+11}=16\\ \Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{x^2-x+11}=8\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-x+11}=8-x\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-x+11=x^2-16x+64\\ \Leftrightarrow15x=53\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{53}{15}\left(ktm\right)\)
\(b,\sqrt{x+2+3\sqrt{2x-5}}+\sqrt{x-2-\sqrt{2x-5}}=2\sqrt{2}\left(x\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5+6\sqrt{2x-5}+9}+\sqrt{2x-5-2\sqrt{2x-5}+1}=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}+3\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}-1\right)^2}=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}+3+\left|\sqrt{2x-5}-1\right|=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|\sqrt{2x-5}-1\right|=1-\sqrt{2x-5}\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}-1\le0\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}\le1\\ \Leftrightarrow2x-5\le1\Leftrightarrow x\le\dfrac{5}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
a, \(\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)^2}=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x+3\right|=x+1\)
TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3=x+1\\2x+3\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x\ge-\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\) vô nghiệm.
Vậy phương trình vô nghiệm.
TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2x-3=x+1\\2x+3< 0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{4}{3}\\x< -\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\) vô nghiệm.
b,
a, \(\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right)^2}=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-1\right|=x+1\)
TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=x+1\\2x-1\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2x+1=x+1\\2x-1< 0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x< \dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=0\)