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1. I didn't want to disturb the meeting. I left without sayinggoodbye.
A. Rather than disturb the meeting, I left without sayinggoodbye.
B. I disturbed the meeting because I saidgoodbye.
C. I would rather disturb the meeting than leaving without sayinggoodbye.
D. The meeting was disturbed as I left sayinggoodbye.
2. Having spent all his money, Daniel couldn't afford a newwatch.
A. As Daniel had bought a new watch, he spent all hismoney.
B. Daniel didn't buy a new watch although he had a lot ofmoney.
C. Because he had spent all the money, Daniel couldn't afford a newwatch.
D. Daniel couldn't get a new watch because he didn't have muchmoney.
3. She doesn't want to go to their party. We don't want to goeither.
A. Either we or she wants to go to theirparty.
B. Neither we nor she want to go to theirparty.
C. Neither we nor she wants to go to theirparty.
D. Neither she nor we don't want to go to theirparty.
4. Noisy as the hotel was, they stayedthere.
A. Much as the hotel was noisy, they stayedthere.
B. In spite of the noisy hotel and they likedit.
C. Despite the hotel was noisy, they stayedthere.
D. Although the noisy hotel, they stayedthere.
5. She was so busy that she couldn't answer thephone.
A. She was very busy that she couldn't answer thephone.
B. She was too busy to answer thephone.
C. She was too busy not to answer thephone.
D. She was very busy so that she couldn't answer thephone.
6. Tim graduated with a good degree. He joined the ranks of theunemployed.
A. Tim joined the ranks of the unemployed because he graduated with a gooddegree.
B. If Tim graduated with a good degree, he would join the ranks of theunemployed.
C. Though Tim graduated with a good degree, he joined the ranks of theunemployed.
D. That Tim graduated with a good degree helped him join the ranks of theunemployed.
7. In spite of his poverty, he led a devoted life to the revolutionarycause.
A. He could not devote his life to the revolutionary cause because of hispoverty.
B. Although he was poor, he led a devoted life to the revolutionarycause.
C. If he had not been so poor, he could have devoted his life to the revolutionarycause.
D. He led a devoted life to the revolutionary cause, but he was sopoor.
8. She tried very hard to pass the driving test. She could hardly passit.
A. Although she didn't try hard to pass the driving test, she could passit.
B. She tried very hard, so she passed the driving testsatisfactorily.
C. No matter how hard she tried, she could hardly pass the drivingtest.
D. Despite being able to pass the driving test, she didn't passit.
9. Smallpox is a dangerous disease. Malaria is a dangerousdisease.
A. Smallpox is a dangerous disease, and so ismalaria.
B. Malaria is a dangerous disease, but smallpox isnot.
C. Neither smallpox nor malaria is a dangerousdisease.
D. Either smallpox or malaria is a dangerousdisease.
10. Transportation has been made much easier thanks to the invention of car. However, cars are the greatest contributor of airpollution.
A. The invention of cars has made transportation much easier, but cars are among the greatest contributors of airpollution.
B. However easier the invention of cars has made transportation, it is cars that among the greatest contributors of airpollution.
C. Although the invention of cars has made transportation much easier, cars are the greatest contributor of air pollution ofair.
D. Although the invention of cars has made transportation much easier, people use cars to contribute to the pollution ofair.
11. I thought she was the right person for the position, yet it turned put that she was quiteuseless.
A. Because I was expecting her to be competent, I was shocked to see her perform ratherbadly.
B. I was mistaken about her suitability for the position since she proved ratherincompetent.
C. Contrary to my initial impression, she was not totally unsuitable for theposition.
D. I was right in thinking that she was totally useless for thejob.
12. The substance is very toxic. Protective clothing must be worn at alltimes.
A. Since the substance is very toxic, so protective clothing must be worn at alltimes.
B. So toxic is the substance that protective clothing must be worn at alltimes.
C. The substance is such toxic that protective clothing must be worn at alltimes.
D. The substance is too toxic to wear protective clothing at alltimes.
13. The film was not interesting. However, he tried to watch the wholefilm.
A. In spite of the film uninteresting, he tried to watch the wholefilm.
B. Uninteresting as the film was, he tried to watch the wholefilm.
C. Despite of uninteresting film, he tried to watch the wholefilm.
D. Uninteresting as was the film, he tried to watch the wholefilm.
14. Although she was very old, she looked verygrateful.
A. In spite of very old, she looked verygrateful.
B. Despite she was very old, she looked verygrateful.
C. Despite her old age, she looked verygrateful.
D. In spite her being old, she looked verygrateful.
15. She gets up early to prepare breakfast so that her children can come to school ontime.
A. Despite her getting up early to prepare breakfast, her children cannot come to school ontime.
B. Because she wanted her children to come to school on time, she gets up early to preparebreakfast.
C. If she does not get up early to prepare breakfast, her children will not come to school ontime.
D. Unless she gets up early to prepare breakfast, her children will not come to schoolon.
16. I whispered as I didn't want anybody to hear ourconversation.
A. So as not to hear our conversation Iwhispered.
B. Since nobody wanted to hear our conversation Iwhispered.
C. Because I whispered, nobody heard ourconversation.
D. I lowered my voice in order that our conversation couldn't beheard.
17. Though he tried hard, he didn'tsucceed.
A. However he tried hard, he didn'tsucceed.
B. However hard he tried, he didn'tsucceed.
C. However he didn't succeed hard, he triedhard.
D. However he tried hard, but he didn'tsucceed.
18. Crazianna is a big country. Unfortunately, it has never received respect from itsneighbours.
A. Though Crazianna is a big country, it has never received respect from itsneighbours.
B. Crazianna has never received respect from its neighbours because it is a bigcountry.
C. It is Crazianna, a big country, that has never received respect from itsneighbours.
D. Crazianna is such a big country that it has never received respect from itsneighbours.
19. Slippery as the roads were, they managed to complete therace.
A. The roads were so slippery that they could hardly complete therace.
B. The roads were slippery but they managed to complete therace.
C. The roads were slippery so they could hardly complete therace.
D. The roads were so slippery; therefore, they could hardly complete therace.
20. They decided to go for a picnic though it was verycold.
A. Because it was very cold, they decided to go for apicnic.
B. However cold it was, they decided to go for apicnic.
C. If it had been cold, they would not have gone for apicnic.
D. It was very cold so they decided to go for apicnic.
21. Both Peter and Mary enjoy scientificexpedition.
A. It is not Peter, but Mary, that enjoys scientificexpedition.
B. Peter enjoys scientific expedition. Therefore, doesMary.
C. However Peter enjoys scientific expedition and Marydoes.
D. Peter enjoys scientific expedition, and so doesMary.
22. Seeing that he was angry, she left theoffice.
A. She didn't want to make him angry, so sheleft.
B. He wouldn’t have been so angry if she hadn't beenthere.
C. He grew very angry when he saw her leaving theoffice.
D. She left the office when she saw how angry hewas.
23. He felt very tired. He was determined to continue to climb up themountain.
A. He felt so tired that he was determined to continue to climb up themountain.
B. Feeling very tired, he was determined to continue to climb up themountain.
C. Tired as he might, he was determined to continue to climb up themountain.
D. As result of his tiredness, he was determined to continue to climb up themountain.
24. The weather was so dismal. They had to cancel the picnicimmediately.
A. The weather was too dismal that the picnic was cancelledimmediately.
B. The picnic would be cancelled immediately since the weather wasdismal,
C. So dismal was the weather that they had to cancel the picnicimmediately.
D. The weather was enough dismal for them to cancel the picnicimmediately.
25. The coffee was not strong, so it didn't keep usawake.
A. The coffee was not strong enough to keep usawake.
B. The coffee was very strong, but it couldn't keep usawake,
C. We are kept awake because the coffee wasstrong.
D. The coffee was so hot that it didn't keep usawake.
1. We could do the test . It was very difficult (although)
=> Although the test was very difficult , we could do it
2.Tom couldn't go too school. He was ill ( so...that)
=> Tom was ill so that he couldn;t go to school
3.Solar anergy is cheap . It is also clean ( not only ... but also )
=> Solar energy is not only cheap but also clean
4. They arrived very late . They didn't see the beginning of the film (so...that)
=> They arrived very late so that they didn't see the beginning of the film
5.It was an expensive car . We couldn't afford to buy it(such)
=> It was such an expensive car that we couldn't afford to buy
6. There was few people at the meeting . It was cancelled(because)
=> The meeting was cancelled because there was few people at this
7.. We couldn't understand her because she spoke too fast (Therefore)
=> She spoke too fast,therefore we couldn;t understand her
8.I've meet too many people. I can't remember all their name (because)
=> I can't remember all their name because I've meet too many people
9. These exercise are very difficult . She can't do them (such...that)
=> These are such difficult exercise that she can't do them
10. It rained heavily . They went to school(despite)
=> Depite rainning heavily, they went to school
11. I can't go with you . I have a lot of work to do(Because of)
=> Because of having a lot of working, I can't go with you
1. We could do the test . It was very difficult (although)
Although the test was very difficult, we could do it
2.Tom couldn't go too school. He was ill ( so...that)
Tom was so ill that he couldn't go to school
3.Solar anergy is cheap . It is also clean ( not only ... but also )
Not only is solar energy cheap but it also clean
4. They arrived very late . They didn't see the beginning of the film (so...that)
They arrived so late that they didn't see the beginning of the film
5.It was an expensive car . We couldn't afford to buy it(such)
Such an expensive car ! We couldn't afford to buy it
6. There was few people at the meeting . It was cancelled(because)
It was cancelled because there was few people at the meeting
7.. We couldn't understand her because she spoke too fast (Therefore)
8.I've meet too many people. I can't remember all their name (because)
I can't remember all people name because I've met too many people
9. These exercise are very difficult . She can't do them (such...that)
It's such a difficult exercise that she can't do them
10. It rained heavily . They went to school(despite)
Despite heavy rain, they went to school
11. I can't go with you . I have a lot of work to do(Because of)
Because of doing a lot of work, I can't go with you
1 I'm busy so i can't go out with my friends
➞ If i had free time, i could go out with my friends
2 He plays soccer well so he can take part in the Games
➞ If he plays soccer well, he can take part in the Games
3 She can't go to the party because i don't invite her
➞ If i invited her, she could go to the party
4 I can't get a job easily because I don't have a degree
➞ If i had a degree, i could get a job easily
5 He doesn't have enough money , so he doesn't buy a house
➞ If he had enough money, he would buy a house
6 It is raining heavily so we can't go to the market
➞ If it weren't raining heavily, we could go to the market
7 He will go to watch the World Cup because he is studying in Russi
➞ If he studies in Russi, he will go to watch World Cup
8 I didn't talk to him because i didn't know him
➞ If i had knonw him, i would have talked to him
9 John didn't have money so he couldn't lend you some
➞ If he had had money, he could have lent you some
10 We couldn't go out because the weather was so bad
➞If the weather hadn't been so bad, we could have gone out
11 Mary didn't wear the raincoat, so she got a cold
➞If Mary had worn the raincoast, she wouldn't have got cold
12 Marry was injured in the crash because she wasnot wearing the seat belt
➞ If Marry had been wearing the seat belt, she wouldn't have been injured in the crash
13 Carol didn't answer the phone because he was studying
➞ If Carol hadn't been studying, he would have answered
14 You didn't eat breakfast, so you are hungry now
➞If you had eaten breakfast, you wouldn't be hungry now
15 I stayed up late last night, so i feel asleep now
➞If i hadn't stayed up late last night, i wouldn't feel asleep now
16 I can't retell the film now because i didn't watch it last night
➞If i had watched the film last night, i could retell it now
17 He is tired now because he drank too much yesterday evening
➞If he hadn't drunk too much yesterday evening, he wouldn't be tired now
18 I bought the car yesterday, so I run out of money now
➝ If i hadn't bought the car yesterday, i wouldn't run out of money now
19 He didn't go to the class regularly, so he can't take part in the competition now
➞If he had gone to the class regularly, he could take part in the competition now
1. I get up early. I want to go to school early
⇒........I get up early because I want to go to school early..........
2. We wear warm clother in winter. We don't want to get cold
⇒..........We wear warm clother in winter because we don't want to get cold........
3. He tries to learn. He wants to get good marks
⇒...........He tries to learn because he wants to get good marks............
4. I learn English. I wanted to see a good film
⇒........ I learn English because I wanted to see a good film...........
5. I try to earn money because I want to buy a new house
⇒.......... I want to buy a new house so I try t oearn money...........
6. Because he didn't want to get wet, he brought a rain coat
⇒...... ...He didn't want to get wet so he brought a rain coat.........
7.I don't want to meet him, so I have to close the door
⇒.........I have to close the door because I don't want to meet him ..........
8. We hurried to school because we didn't want to be late
⇒.......We didn't want to be late so we hurried to school ..............
9. Mr.Nam doesn't want to cause accidents, so he always drives carefully
⇒.............. Because Mr.Nam doesn't want to cause accidents, he always drives carefully..............
10. I came earlier because I didn't want you to wait for me
⇒.......I didn't want you to wait for me so I came earlier .........
11. I like living in the countryside because I want to enjoy the fresh air
⇒.......... I want to enjoy the fresh air so I like living in the countryside ..............
12. Hung comes back home early today because he wants to see the news at 7pm
⇒........Hung wants to see the news at 7pm so he comes back home early today .............
Rewrite the sentence with "so as to/ in oder to/ so that/ in oder that" :
1. I'm studying hard. I want to get good marks. I'm studying hard so as to get good marks.
2. The man spoke loudly. He wanted everybody to hear him clearly. The man spoke loudly so that everybody to hear him clearly.
3. He shut the door. He doesn't want to be annoyed. He shut the door so as not to be annoyed.
4. I wish to have enough money. I want to buy a new house. I wish to have enough money in order to buy a new house.
5. You should walk slowly. Your sister can follow you. You should walk slowly so that our sister can follow you.
6.They did their job well. They want to increase their salary. They did their job well in order to increase their salary.
7.We turned on the lights. We didn't want to waste electricity. We turned on the lights so as not to waste electricity.
8. The robber changed his address all the time. He didn't want the police to find him. The robber changed his address all the time so that the police couldn't find him.
I. Sentences transformation
1. The weather was fine. We could go camping.
=> The weather was fine enough for us to go camping.
2. My brother usually fixes the household appliances very well.
=> My brother is good at fixing the household appliances
3. She doesn't go to the party because she has no time.
=> She doesn't have time to go to the party
4. My brother is very generous. He willing lends someomes money.
=> My brother is generous enough to lend someomes money.
5. What does he look like? => What is his appearance like?
II. Using " neither ... nor ...".
1. The students can't ride motorbikes. Ther students can't drive cars.
=> The students can neither ride motorbikes nor drive cars.
2. They couldn't talk so loud in class. They couldn't laugh noisily class.
=> They could neither talk so loud nor laugh noisily in class
3. She doesn't like to watch television. She doesn't like to listen to music.
=> She neither likes to watch television nor to listen to music.
4. Ba didn't do his homework. Ba didn't learn his lesson.
=> Ba neither did his homework nor learned his lesson.
5. Thu won't go swimming. Thu won't play sports.
=> Thu will neither go swimming nor play sports
6. He can't speak Chinese. He can't write Chinese words.
=>he can neither speak Chinese nor write Chinese words.
7. Her father doesn't drink wine. Her father doesn't smoke.
=> Her father neither drinks wine nor smokes
8. Their parents don't leave him home alone. They don't let him out by himself.
=> Their parents neither leave him home alone nor let him out by himself.
9. Tam couldn't play the piano. Tam couldn't sing songs.
=>Tam could neither play the piano nor sing songs.
10. We won't go to school late. We won't come back home late.
=> we will neither go to school late nor come back home late.
1. combine the following sentences with " so that"
1. he studies very hard. She doesn't want to fail the final examination
She doesn't want to fail the final examination so that she studies very hard.
2. she practices English every day. She wants to speak to foreigners
She wants to speak to foreigners so that she practices English every day.
3. we have to follow more than ten stages . We can make a simple conical hat
we have to follow more than ten stages so that we can make a simple conical hat
4. she bought a new car. She wanted to make a tripto Canada
She wanted to make a tripto Canada so that she bought a new car
5. I got early. I didn't want to be late for school
I didn't want to be late for school so that I got early
6. we lower the volume of the radio . We don't want to brother our neighbours
We don't want to brother our neighbours so that we lower the volume of the radio
7. he driver very carefully. He doesn't want to have any accident
He doesn't want to have any accident he driver very carefully.
8. I spoke English very slow . I wanted the man to understand what I said
I wanted the man to understand what I said I spoke English very slow
9. I whispered . i didn't want anyone to hear our conversation
i didn't want anyone to hear our conversation so that I whispered
10. I slowed down . I wated the car behind to be able to overtake
I wated the car behind to be able to overtake so that I slowed down
1. I have to go to the bank. I want to change some money
⇒.......... I have to go to the bank because I want to change some money ..........
2. He left his rifle outside. He didn't want to frighten his wife
⇒.........He left his rifle outsid because he didn't want to frighten his wife..........
3. Nguyen is studing English. He want to go to an American University
⇒..........Nguyen is studing English because he want to go to an American University...........
4. He read only for short periods each day.He didn't want to strain his eyes
⇒..........He read only for short periods each day because he didn't want to strain his eyes.................
5. They got up very early. They wanted to get to the top of the hill before sunrise
⇒.............They got up very early because they wanted to get to the top of the hill before sunrise................
6. We must keep our gloves on. We don't want to get cold
⇒..........We must keep our gloves on because we don't want to get cold.......
7. Nam knocked on my door . He want to wake me up
⇒......Nam knocked on my door because he want to wake me up.........
9. I am buying pain. I want to paint the gate
⇒........ I am buying pain because I want to paint the gate...........
10. I took off my shoes. I didn't want to make any noise
⇒............I took off my shoes because I didn't want to make any noise...........
11. I am saving money. I want to go to Canada to visit my cousin
⇒......I am saving money because I want to go to Canada to visit my cousin...........
12. He was playing softly. He didn't want to disturb anyone
⇒.........He was playing softly because he didn't want to disturb anyone.......
Bài tập về cụm từ và mệnh đề
BÀI TẬP 1: nối câu dùng: so that / in order that / in order to / so as to / to
Ex: The boys stood on the desks. They wanted to get a better view.
=> The boys stood on the desks in order to get a better view.
1) Please shut the door. I don't want the dog to go out of the house.
=> Please shut the door so that the dog doesn't go out of the house.
2) I wish to have enough money. I want to buy a new house.
=> I wish to have enough money to buy a new house.
3) You should walk slowly. Your sister can follow you.
=> You should walk slowly so that your sister can follow you.
4) They did their job well. They hoped the boss would increase their salary.
=> They did their job well in order that the boss would increase their salary.
5) We turned off the lights. We didn't want to waste electricity.
=> We turned off the lights in order not to waste electricity.
6) We lower the volume of the radio. We don't want to bother our neighbours.
=> We lower the volume of the radio so as not to bother our neighbours.
7) The robber changed his address all the time. He didn't want the police to find him.
=> The robber changed his address all the time in order that the police didn't find him.
8) The man spoke loudly. He wanted every body to hear him clearly.
=> The man spoke loudly so that everybody heard him clearly.
Exercise 2: Chọn phương án thích hợp với câu ban đầu
1. I didn't want to disturb the meeting. I left without saying goodbye.
A. Rather than disturb the meeting, I left without saying goodbye.
B. I disturbed the meeting because I said goodbye.
C. I would rather disturb the meeting than leaving without saying goodbye.
D. The meeting was disturbed as I left saying goodbye.
2. Having spent all his money, Daniel couldn't afford a new watch.
A. As Daniel had bought a new watch, he spent all his money.
B. Daniel didn't buy a new watch although he had a lot of money.
C. Because he had spent all the money, Daniel couldn't afford a new watch.
D. Daniel couldn't get a new watch because he didn't have much money.
3. She doesn't want to go to their party. We don't want to go either.
A. Either we or she wants to go to their party.
B. Neither we nor she want to go to their party.
C. Neither we nor she wants to go to their party.
D. Neither she nor we don't want to go to their party.
4. Noisy as the hotel was, they stayed there.
A. Much as the hotel was noisy, they stayed there.
B. In spite of the noisy hotel and they liked it.
C. Despite the hotel was noisy, they stayed there.
D. Although the noisy hotel, they stayed there.
5. She was so busy that she couldn't answer the phone.
A. She was very busy that she couldn't answer the phone.
B. She was too busy to answer the phone.
C. She was too busy not to answer the phone.
D. She was very busy so that she couldn't answer the phone.
6. Tim graduated with a good degree. He joined the ranks of the unemployed.
A. Tim joined the ranks of the unemployed because he graduated with a good degree.
B. If Tim graduated with a good degree, he would join the ranks of the unemployed.
C. Though Tim graduated with a good degree, he joined the ranks of the unemployed.
D. That Tim graduated with a good degree helped him join the ranks of the unemployed.
7. In spite of his poverty, he led a devoted life to the revolutionary cause.
A. He could not devote his life to the revolutionary cause because of his poverty.
B. Although he was poor, he led a devoted life to the revolutionary cause.
C. If he had not been so poor, he could have devoted his life to the revolutionary cause.
D. He led a devoted life to the revolutionary cause, but he was so poor.
8. She tried very hard to pass the driving test. She could hardly pass it.
A. Although she didn't try hard to pass the driving test, she could pass it.
B. She tried very hard, so she passed the driving test satisfactorily.
C. No matter how hard she tried, she could hardly pass the driving test.
D. Despite being able to pass the driving test, she didn't pass it.
9. Smallpox is a dangerous disease. Malaria is a dangerous disease.
A. Smallpox is a dangerous disease, and so is malaria.
B. Malaria is a dangerous disease, but smallpox is not.
C. Neither smallpox nor malaria is a dangerous disease.
D. Either smallpox or malaria is a dangerous disease.
10. Transportation has been made much easier thanks to the invention of car. However, cars are the
greatest contributor of air pollution.
A. The invention of cars has made transportation much easier, but cars are among the greatest
contributors of air pollution.
B. However easier the invention of cars has made transportation, it is cars that among the greatest
contributors of air pollution.
C. Although the invention of cars has made transportation much easier, cars are the greatest
contributor of air pollution of air.
D. Although the invention of cars has made transportation much easier, people use cars to contribute
to the pollution of air.