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Our sun is actually an orange, dwarf star. Although it is not nearly the ....hottest ....(hot) star known, its surface temperature is about 10,000'F and that of its interior is thought to be in the range of 20,000,000'F. We ......commonly ..... (common) think of the sun as burning, yet it's too hot to burn and is composed of elemental gases.
The sun is 865,000 miles in diameter and has a mass one-third of a million times ......greater ....(great) than the Earth's. Scientists believe that it's two billion years old and, instead of cooling, is still getting hotter. Perhaps, within the next two billion years, it will reach a temperature of sufficient intensity to destroy the Earth.
The sun's corona is almost as hot as interior. Solar prominences-tongues of hot gas-leap outward a half million miles from the sun's surface at speeds reaching 250,000 miles an hour. ........Fortunately... (fortune) , these prominences do not travel the full ninety three million miles to earth, nor are their terrific temperatures transmitted through space. Some of the energy from these ..disturbances ....... (urban) does not reach our atmosphere, however, and is believed to cause changes in weather.Our sun is actually an orange, dwarf star. Although it is not nearly the hottest star known, its surface temperature is about 10,000'F and that of its interior is thought to be in the range of 20,000,000'F. We commonly think of the sun as burning, yet it's too hot to burn and is composed of elemental gases.
The sun is 865,000 miles in diameter and has a mass one-third of a million times greater than the Earth's. Scientists believe that it's two billion years old and, instead of cooling, is still getting hotter. Perhaps, within the next two billion years, it will reach a temperature of sufficient intensity to destroy the Earth.
Our sun is actually an orange, dwarf star. Although it is not nearly the hottest star known, its surface temperature is about 10,000'F and that of its interior is thought to be in the range of 20,000,000'F. We commonly think of the sun as burning, yet it's too hot to burn and is composed of elemental gases.
The sun is 865,000 miles in diameter and has a mass one-third of a million times greater than the Earth's. Scientists believe that it's two billion years old and, instead of cooling, is still getting hotter. Perhaps, within the next two billion years, it will reach a temperature of sufficient intensity to destroy the Earth.
The sun's corona is almost as hot as interior. Solar prominences-tongues of hot gas-leap outward a half million miles from the sun's surface at speeds reaching 250,000 miles an hour. Fortunately, these prominences do not travel the full ninety three million miles to earth, nor are their terrific temperatures transmitted through space. Some of the energy from these disurbances does not reach our atmosphere, however, and is believed to cause changes in weather.Our sun is actually an orange, dwarf star. Although it is not nearly the hottest star known, its surface temperature is about 10,000'F and that of its interior is thought to be in the range of 20,000,000'F. We commonly think of the sun as burning, yet it's too hot to burn and is composed of elemental gases.
The sun is 865,000 miles in diameter and has a mass one-third of a million times greater than the Earth's. Scientists believe that it's two billion years old and, instead of cooling, is still getting hotter. Perhaps, within the next two billion years, it will reach a temperature of sufficient intensity to destroy the Earth
X Read the passage. Answer the questions below.
Scientists have discovered that the ozone layer is getting thinner. Some predict that the sun’s rays will cause a sharp increase in deaths from skin cancer over the next fifty years. These harmful rays can also damage the eyes, create wrinkles, and cause other health problems.
The stratosphere contains a form of oxygen called ozone. Ozone is a molecule composed of three oxygen atoms. The chemical formula of ozone is 03. Oxygen molecules make up about 21% of all gases in the Earth’s atmosphere. They consist of two atoms of oxygen and are labeled 02. Most ozone found in our atmosphere is formed by an interaction between oxygen molecules and ultraviolet radiation (UV) from the sun. When ultraviolet radiation hits an oxygen molecule, it may cause the molecule to break apart into single atoms of oxygen. These single atoms are very reactive, and a single oxygen atom can combine with a molecule of oxygen to form ozone.
1.What do people say about the rate of deaths from skin cancer in the future?
=> Some predict that the sun’s rays will cause a sharp increase in deaths from skin cancer over the next fifty years. These harmful rays can also damage the eyes, create wrinkles, and cause other health problems.
2. How many oxygen atoms are there in a molecule?
=> Oxygen molecules make up about 21% of all gases in the Earth’s atmosphere
3.What elements participate in the formation process of ozone?
=> Most ozone found in our atmosphere is formed by an interaction between oxygen molecules and ultraviolet radiation (UV) from the sun.
4.What happens when an oxygen molecule and an ultraviolet radiation hit each other?
=> When ultraviolet radiation hits an oxygen molecule, it may cause the molecule to break apart into single atoms of oxygen
5.What is the feature of single atoms?
=> These single atoms are very reactive, and a single oxygen atom can combine with a molecule of oxygen to form ozone.
V/ Read the passage about diferent customs for greetings around the world, and do the tasks that follow
GREETING CUSTOMS AROUND THE WORLD
USA: It is normal for men to shake hands when they meet, but it is quite unusual for men to kiss when they greet each other. Greetings are casual-a handshake, a smile and a ''hello'' will do just fine
UK: The British often simply say ''hello'' when they meet friends. They usually shake hands only when they meet for the first time. Social kissing is common in an informal situation between men and women and also between women who know each other very well
FRANCE: The French, including children, shake hands with their friends and often kiss them on both cheeks, both upon meeting and leaving
ARAB countries: In Arab countries, close male friends or colleagues hug and kiss both cheeks. They shake hands with their right hand only, for longer but less firmly than in West. Contact between the opposite genders in public is considered obscene. Do not offer to shake hands with the opposite sex.
HUNGARY: Hungarians like to use the friendly greeting form of kissing each other on the cheeks. The most comon way is to kiss from your right to your left. When men meet for the first time, the casual greeting is a frm handshake
BELGIUM: People kiss on one cheek when they meet, regardless of the gender or how well they know
CHINESE: Chinese people tend to be moreconservative. When meeting someone for the first time, they would usually nod their heads and smile, or shake hands if in a formal situation
RUSSIA: The typical greeting is a very film handshake while maintaining direct eye contact. When men shake hands with women, the handshake is not firm. It is considered gallant to kiss women three times whilealternating cheeks, and even to kiss hands.
Task 1:match a word in column A with its definition in column B
A || B
1. hug ----> d. to put your arms around somebody to show that you love or like her/him
2.obscene ---> e. shocking and annoyning
3 conservative ---> a. not liking change, traditional
4. eye contact ---> c. looking directly at each other
5. alternating ---> b. happening one after the other
Task 2: Read the passage again, and then decide whether the statements are(T) or(F)
1. people in China and Arab countries seem to be more careful when greeting people for the first time or opposite sex. (T or F) ----> T
2. Shaking hands is the most popular way of greeting in Briitan. (T or F) ----> F
3. kissing is considered a popular way of greeting in France, Hungary and Belgium (T or F) ----> T
4. In Russia, you should shake hands with your friend but never look into his/her eyes (T or F) ----> F
5. In Hungary, the most common greeting way is kissing and you should pay attention to the order (T or F) ----> T
When you hear the woek '' bank'' what do you think ? A .....place ... to put money? The land on the edge of a river? to depend on something or someone? If you choose any of ....these.... things you're right. Why? Because words often have ......more........ than one meaning. The tricky part is fiuring out ....which...... meaning is appropriate.
Choosing the correct meaning of a word depends on ....two...... things. First, it depends on the words and .....sentence....... sorrounding your particular word. The other words and sentences give you context clues. ......Second...., the meaning depends on how the word is ......used..... in the sentence. Is it a noun, a verb, ......an...... adjective or a part of a phrase? Knowing the word's part of speech will .....help........ you discover the word's precise meaning.
1.e
2.g
3.b
4.f
5.c
6.a
7.d