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Vì cả 3 giới hạn kia đều ko tồn tại, chỉ có giới hạn cuối là tồn tại (do hàm sin, cos là hàm tuần hoàn có chu kì, do đó giới hạn vô cực ko tồn tại)
Giới hạn của dãy nên bạn tự hiểu n tiến tới dương vô cực
1.
\(lim\frac{3n+1}{\sqrt[3]{\left(n^3+3n+1\right)^2}+n\sqrt{n^3+3n+1}+n^2}=lim\frac{3+\frac{1}{n}}{\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(n^3+3n+1\right)^2}{n^3}}+\sqrt{n^3+3n+1}+n}=\frac{3}{\infty}=0\)
b=\(lim\left(\sqrt[3]{n^3+2n}-n+n-\sqrt{n^2+1}\right)=lim\left(\frac{2n}{\sqrt[3]{\left(n^3+2n\right)^2}+n\sqrt[3]{n^3+2n}+n^2}-\frac{1}{n+\sqrt{n^2+1}}\right)\)
\(=lim\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(n^3+2n\right)^2}{n^3}}+\sqrt[3]{n^3+2n}+n}-\frac{1}{n+\sqrt{n^2+1}}\right)=0-0=0\)
c\(=lim\left(\frac{2n^2+n}{\sqrt[3]{\left(n^3+n\right)^2}+\sqrt[3]{\left(n^3+n\right)\left(n^3-2n^2\right)}+\sqrt[3]{\left(n^3-2n^2\right)^2}}\right)\)
\(=lim\left(\frac{2+\frac{1}{n}}{\sqrt[3]{\left(1+\frac{1}{n^2}\right)^2}+\sqrt[3]{\left(1+\frac{1}{n^2}\right)\left(1-\frac{2}{n}\right)}+\sqrt[3]{\left(1-\frac{2}{n}\right)^2}}\right)=\frac{2}{1+1.1+1}=\frac{2}{3}\)
2.
a\(=lim\left[n\left(2-\sqrt{1+\frac{3}{n}}\right)\right]=+\infty\left(2-1\right)=+\infty\)
\(b=lim\left[n\left(\sqrt{1+\frac{2}{n^2}}-\sqrt{\frac{3}{n}+\frac{1}{n^2}}\right)\right]=+\infty\left(1-0\right)=+\infty\)
\(c=lim\left[n^3\left(\frac{sin2n}{n^2}-3\right)\right]=+\infty\left(0-3\right)=-\infty\)
\(1,\lim\limits_{n\rightarrow\infty}\dfrac{-n^2+2n+1}{\sqrt{3n^4+2}}\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{-n^2+2n+1}{\sqrt{3n^4+2}}=\dfrac{-\dfrac{n^2}{n^4}+\dfrac{2n}{n^4}+\dfrac{1}{n^4}}{\sqrt{\dfrac{3n^4}{n^4}+\dfrac{2}{n^4}}}=\dfrac{-\dfrac{1}{n^2}+\dfrac{2}{n^3}+\dfrac{1}{n^4}}{\sqrt{3+\dfrac{2}{n^4}}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1\right)=\dfrac{-lim\dfrac{1}{n^2}+2lim\dfrac{1}{n^3}+lim\dfrac{1}{n^4}}{\sqrt{lim\left(3+\dfrac{2}{n^4}\right)}}\)
\(=\dfrac{0}{\sqrt{lim\left(3+\dfrac{2}{n^4}\right)}}=0\)
\(2,\lim\limits_{n\rightarrow\infty}\left(\dfrac{4n-\sqrt{16n^2+1}}{n+1}\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\dfrac{4n-\sqrt{16n^2+1}}{n+1}=\dfrac{\dfrac{4n}{n^2}-\sqrt{\dfrac{16n^2}{n^2}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}}{\dfrac{n}{n^2}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{4}{n}-\sqrt{16+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}}{\dfrac{1}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2\right)=\dfrac{lim\left(\dfrac{4}{n}-\sqrt{16+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}\right)}{lim\left(\dfrac{1}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}\right)}=\dfrac{lim\left(\dfrac{4}{n}-\sqrt{16+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}\right)}{0}\)
Vậy giới hạn \(\left(2\right)\) không xác định.
\(3,\lim\limits_{n\rightarrow\infty}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{9n^2+n+1}-3n}{2n}\right)\left(3\right)\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{9n^2+n+1}-3n}{2n}=\dfrac{\sqrt{9+\dfrac{1}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}-\dfrac{3}{n}}{\dfrac{2}{n}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3\right)=\dfrac{lim\left(\sqrt{9+\dfrac{1}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}-\dfrac{3}{n}\right)}{2lim\dfrac{1}{n}}=\dfrac{lim\left(\sqrt{9+\dfrac{1}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}-\dfrac{3}{n}\right)}{0}\)
Vậy \(lim\left(3\right)\) không xác định.
\(=lim\frac{-2n+4}{\left(n+1\right)\left(\sqrt[3]{\left(n^3-2n+4\right)^2}+n\sqrt[3]{n^3-2n+4}+n^2\right)}\)
\(=lim\left(\frac{-2+\frac{4}{n}}{\left(1+\frac{1}{n}\right)\left(n+1\right)\left(\sqrt[3]{\left(n^3-2n+4\right)^2}+n\sqrt[3]{n^3-2n+4}+n^2\right)}\right)=\frac{-2}{\infty}=0\)
\(=\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\frac{\frac{1}{n^3}-\frac{2n}{n^3}+\frac{3n^3}{n^3}}{\frac{n^3}{n^3}+\frac{n}{n^3}}=\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\frac{\frac{1}{n^3}-\frac{2}{n^2}+3}{1+\frac{1}{n^2}}=\frac{0-0+3}{1+0}=3\)