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nFe = 16,8 : 56 = 0,3 (mol)
pthh :3 Fe + 2O2 -t--> Fe3O4
0,3--------------> 0,1 (mol)
=> mFe3O4 =0,1 . 232 = 23,2(G)
nH2 = 44,8 : 22,4 = 2 (g)
pthh : Fe3O4 + H2 -t--> Fe + H2O
LTL : 0,1 / 1 < 2 /1
=> H2 du
nH2 (pu) = nFe3O4 = 0,1 (mol)
=> nH2 (d) = 2-0,1 = 1,9 (mol)
mH2 (d) = 1,9 . 2 = 3,8 (g)
PTHH:
Fe2O3 + 3H2 --> (nhiệt độ) 2Fe + 3H2O (1)
3Fe + 2O2 --> ( nhiệt độ) Fe3O4 (2)
nFe3O4=23.2 : 232 = 0.1 (mol)
PTHH (2) => nFe= 3nFe3O4 = 0.1 * 3 = 0.3 (mol)
=> b = mFe= 0.3*56 = 16.8 (g)
PTHH (1) => nFe= 2nFe3O4= 0.3 : 2 = 0.15 (mol)
=> a = mFe2O3 = 0.15 * 160 = 24 (g)
Câu 13:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:R_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2R+3H_2O\\ Theo.pt:n_{R_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,3=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ M_{R_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{0,1}=160\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow2R+16.3=160\\ \Leftrightarrow R=56\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow R.là.Fe\\ CTHH:Fe_2O_3\)
Bài 14:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,8}{22,4}=0,125\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_{4\left(loãng\right)}\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\left(1\right)\\ Theo.pt\left(1\right):n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,125\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\left(2\right)\\ Theo.pt\left(2\right):n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,125=\dfrac{1}{24}\left(mol\right)\\ m=m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{24}.160=\dfrac{20}{3}\left(g\right)\\ n=n_{Fe}=0,125.56=7\left(g\right)\)
a, \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
b, \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{24}{160}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=3n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,45.22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)
c, n\(n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}=0,6\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{1,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\)
Gọi $n_{Al}= a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 27a + 56b = 4,44(1)$
$4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3$
$3Fe + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_3O_4$
$Fe_3O_4 + 4H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 3Fe + 4H_2O$
B gồm : $Al_2O_3, Fe$
$n_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al} = 0,5a(mol)$
Suy ra: $0,5a.102 + 56b = 5,4(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,04 ; b = 0,06
$m_{Al} = 0,04.27 =1,08\ gam$
$m_{Fe} = 0,06.56 = 3,36\ gam$
a.b.\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\)
0,3 0,2 0,1 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,1.232=23,2\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{O_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
c. \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\)
0,3 > 0,15 ( mol )
0,225 0,15 0,075 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,075.232=17,4\left(g\right)\)
d. \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)3Fe+4H_2O\)
0,075 < 0,35 ( mol )
0,075 0,3 ( mol )
Chất dư là H2
\(m_{H_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,35-0,3\right).2=0,1\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow y=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)xFe+yH_2O\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,02 0,02 ( mol )
\(\Rightarrow x=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,03}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow CTHH:Fe_2O_3\)
\(n_{H_2\left(thu\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
1 : 1 (mol)
0,02 : 0,02 (mol)
\(n_{H_2\left(dùng\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(yH_2+Fe_xO_y\rightarrow^{t^0}xFe+yH_2O\)
y : x (mol)
0,03 : 0,02 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{0,03}{y}=\dfrac{0,02}{x}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,03}=\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow x=2;y=3\)
-Vậy CTHH của oxit sắt là Fe2O3.
a, \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
b, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2.160=32\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe}=0,6\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
d, \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{20\%}=33,6\left(l\right)\)
a)
$Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe + 3H_2O$
b) $n_{Fe} = \dfrac{22,4}{56} = 0,4(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,2.160 = 32(gam)$
c) $n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe} = 0,6(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44(lít)$
d) $2H_2 + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2H_2O$
$V_{O_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}V_{H_2} = 6,72(lít)$
$V_{kk} = 6,72 : 20\% = 33,6(lít)$
\(Fe_2O_3\left(0,15\right)+3H_2\rightarrow2Fe\left(0,3\right)+3H_2O\)
\(3Fe\left(0,3\right)+2O_2\rightarrow Fe_3O_4\left(0,1\right)\)
\(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\frac{23,2}{232}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,15.160=24\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\frac{23,2}{232}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 -to-> 2Fe + 3H2O (1)
3Fe + 2O2 -to-> Fe3O4 (2)
Theo các PTHH và đề bài, ta có:
\(n_{Fe\left(2\right)}=3.n_{Fe_3O_4\left(2\right)}=3.0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe\left(1\right)}=n_{Fe\left(2\right)}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3\left(1\right)}=\frac{n_{Fe\left(1\right)}}{2}=\frac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(a=m_{Fe_2O_3\left(1\right)}=0,15.160=24\left(g\right)\)
\(b=m_{Fe\left(1\right)}=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\)