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a)
\(CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O\\ Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe + 3H_2O\\ Fe_3O_4 + 4H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 3Fe + 4H_2O\\ FeO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe + H_2O\)
b)
\(n_{H_2} = n_{H_2O} = \dfrac{14,4}{18} = 0,8(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m = m_X + m_{H_2} - m_{H_2O} = 64 + 0,8.2 - 14,4 = 51,2(gam)\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\\ Mol:0,2\rightarrow0,6\rightarrow0,4\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,4.56=22,4\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,6}{2}>0,2\rightarrow O_2.dư\\ n_{H_2\left(Pư\right)}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{H_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,6-0,4\right).2=0,4\left(g\right)\)
\(a,S+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}SO_2\\
4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\\C+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\\
2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\\
4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\\
3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\\
Cu+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO\\
CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\\
C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\\
C_2H_6O+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+3H_2O\\
b,CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\\
FeO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe+H_2O\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\\
Fe_3O_{\text{ 4 }}+4H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\\PbO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Pb+H_2O\\
ZnO+H_2O\underrightarrow{t^o}Zn+H_2O\\
c,Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\\
Ba+2H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\\
K_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2KOH\\
CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\\
SO_2+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_3\\
SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\\
P_2O_5+3H_2O\rightarrow2H_3PO_4\\
CO_2+H_2O\rightarrow H_2CO_3\)
PTHH:
4H2+Fe3O4----->3Fe+4H2O
nH2=V/22,4=6,72/22,4=0,3mol
Theo PTHH:4molH2--->3molFe 0,3molH2->0,3.3/4=0,225molFe
mFe=nFe.M=0,225.56=12,6g
nO= nH2O= nH2= 0,3(mol)
m=m(oxit) - mO= 24- 0,3.16= 19,2(g)
\(a,n_{FeO}=\dfrac{6,12}{72}=0,085\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:FeO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe+H_2O\)
0,085 0,085
\(m_{Fe}=0,085.56=4,76g\)
\(b,n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{20,8}{160}=0,13\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,13 0,26
\(m_{Fe}=0,26.56=14,56g\)
\(c,n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{51,04}{232}=0,22\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe_3O_4+4H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\)
0,22 0,66
\(m_{Fe}=0,66.56=36,96g\)
Cu + H2O
a. PTHH: CuO + H2 ---to---> Cu + H2O (1)
Fe2O3 + 3H2 ---to---> 2Fe + 3H2O (2)
Ta có: \(m_{hh}=62,4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{Fe}=62,4-12,8=49,6\left(g\right)\)
b. Theo PT(1): \(n_{H_2}=n_{Cu}=\dfrac{12,8}{64}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(2):\(n_{H_2}=3.n_{Fe}=3.\dfrac{49,6}{56}\approx2,7\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_{2_{\left(2PT\right)}}}=0,2+2,7=2,9\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=2,9.22,4=64,96\left(lít\right)\)
PTHH: \(FeO+H_2\rightarrow Fe+H_2O\)
PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\)
PTHH: \(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\rightarrow3Fe+4H_2O\)
Theo PT ta có: \(n_{H2}=n_{H2O}=\dfrac{14,4}{18}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H2}=2.0,8=1,6\left(g\right)\)
ADĐLBTKL, ta có: \(m_{hh}+m_{H2}=m_{Fe}+m_{H2O}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=m_{hh}+m_{H2}-m_{H2O}=46,4+1,6-14,4=33,6\left(g\right)\)
Vậy.........
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