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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow y=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)xFe+yH_2O\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,02 0,02 ( mol )
\(\Rightarrow x=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,03}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow CTHH:Fe_2O_3\)
\(n_{H_2\left(thu\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
1 : 1 (mol)
0,02 : 0,02 (mol)
\(n_{H_2\left(dùng\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(yH_2+Fe_xO_y\rightarrow^{t^0}xFe+yH_2O\)
y : x (mol)
0,03 : 0,02 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{0,03}{y}=\dfrac{0,02}{x}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,03}=\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow x=2;y=3\)
-Vậy CTHH của oxit sắt là Fe2O3.
\(CT:Fe_xO_y\)
\(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}xFe+yH_2O\left(1\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\left(2\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{4.032}{22.4}=0.18\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{y}{x}\cdot n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5.376}{22.4}=0.24\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y}{x}\cdot0.18=0.24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(CT:Fe_3O_4\)
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{0.18}{3}\cdot232=13.92\left(g\right)\)
\(19,6\rightarrow19,5\\ n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,3----------------------->0,3
=> VH2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72 (l)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{19,2}{160}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
LTL: \(0,12>\dfrac{0,3}{3}\) => Fe2O3 dư
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,3=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,6}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,3 0,6 0,3 0,3
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72L\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{19,2}{160}=0,12\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\)
\(ltl:\dfrac{0,12}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{3}\)
= > Fe2O3 dư
\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\
m_{Fe}=0,3.56=16,8g\)
Zn+2Hcl->ZnCl2+H2
0,2---0,4----0,2----0,2
n Zn=0,2 mol
=>VH2 =0,2.22,4=4,48l
mZncl2=0,2.136=27,2g
3H2+Fe2O3-to>2Fe+3H2O
0,2---------------------2\15
->m Fe=2\15.56=7,467g
nZn= 13/65=0,2(mol)
a) PTHH: Zn + 2 HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
b) nH2=nZnCl2=nZn=0,2(mol)
=>V(H2,đktc)=0,2 x 22,4= 4,48(l)
c) khối lượng muối sau phản ứng chứ nhỉ?
mZnCl2=136.0,2=27,2(g)
a. \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
b. \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m_{Fe}}{M_{Fe}}=\dfrac{28}{56}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,5-------1---------0,5-----0,5
Theo PTHH: \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
c. \(H_2+CuO\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
0,5-------0,5-----0,5----0,5
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=n_{Cu}.M_{Cu}=0,5.64=32\left(g\right)\)
a) \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH ta có: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=n_{MgCl_2}.M_{MgCl_2}=0,1.95=9,5\left(g\right)\)
b) Theo PTHH ta có: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c) \(2H_2+O_2\rightarrow2H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{0,1.2}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=n_{H_2O}.M_{H_2O}=0,1.18=1,8\left(g\right)\)
a)mMg= 2,4/24=0,1(mol) nMgCl2=0,1.1/1=0,1 (mol) mMgCl2= 0,1.95=9,5(g) b)nH2=0,1.1/1=0,1(mol) v=n.22,4=2,24(lít
PTHH: \(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}xFe+yH_2O\) (1)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) (2)
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_O=n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(n_{Fe}:n_O=x:y=0,02:0,03=2:3\)
\(\Rightarrow\) CTHH của oxit là Fe2O3
b) Theo PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{300\cdot7,3\%}{36,5}-2n_{H_2}=0,56\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(sau.p/ứ\right)}=m_{Fe}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=0,02\cdot56+300-0,02\cdot2=301,08\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,02\cdot127}{301,08}\cdot100\%\approx0,84\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,56\cdot36,5}{301,08}\cdot100\%\approx6,79\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)
n HCl = 300.7,3%/36,5 = 0,6(mol)
n H2 = 0,448/22,4 = 0,02(mol)
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
n HCl > 2n H2 nên HCl dư
$n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = 0,02(mol)$
$H_2 + O_{oxit} \to H_2O$
n O(oxit) = n H2 = 0,672/22,4 = 0,03(mol)
Ta có :
n Fe : n O =0,02 : 0,03 = 2 : 3
Vậy oxit là $Fe_2O_3$
b)
m dd = 0,02.56 + 300 -0,02.2 = 301,08(gam)
n HCl dư = 0,6 - 0,02.2 = 0,56(mol)
n FeCl2 = n Fe = 0,02(mol)
Vậy :
C% HCl = 0,56.36,5/301,08 .100% = 6,8%
C% FeCl2 = 0,02.127/301,08 .100% = 0,84%
Giả sử CT oxit cần tìm là FexOy.
PT: \(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\underrightarrow{t^o}xFe+yH_2O\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{1}{x}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,02}{x}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{1,6}{\dfrac{0,02}{x}}=80x\left(g/mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow56x+16y=80x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow24x=16y\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Vậy: Oxit cần tìm là Fe2O3.
Bạn tham khảo nhé!