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a)\(\dfrac{x+5}{3x-2}=\dfrac{x\left(x+5\right)}{x\left(3x-2\right)}\) b)\(\dfrac{2x-1}{4}=\dfrac{\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}{8x+4}\) c)\(\dfrac{2x\left(x-2\right)}{x^2-4x+4}=\dfrac{2x}{x-2}\) d) \(\dfrac{5x^2+10x}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{5x}{x-2}\)
a, \(\dfrac{x^2-x}{x-2}+\dfrac{4-3x}{x-2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-x+4-3x}{x-2}=\dfrac{x^2-4x+4}{x-2}\)
c) \(\dfrac{2}{x^2-9}+\dfrac{1}{x+3}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{x+3}=\dfrac{1\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{x-3}{x^2-9}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{x^2-9}+\dfrac{1}{x+3}=\dfrac{2}{x^2-9}+\dfrac{x-3}{x^2-9}=\dfrac{2+x-3}{x^2-9}=\dfrac{x-1}{x^2-9}\)
2)
a) \(5x^2y-10xy^2\)
\(=5xy\left(x-2y\right)\)
b) \(3\left(x+3\right)-x^2+9\)
\(=3\left(x+3\right)-\left(x^2-3^2\right)\)
\(=3\left(x+3\right)-\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left[3-\left(x-3\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(3-x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(6-x\right)\)
c) \(x^2-y^2+xz-yz\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)+\left(xz-yz\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)
3)
a) \(A=\dfrac{x^2}{x^2-4}-\dfrac{x}{x-2}+\dfrac{2}{x+2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{x^2}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\dfrac{x}{x-2}+\dfrac{2}{x+2}\)
Điều kiện xác định là: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2\ne0\Rightarrow x\ne2\\x+2\ne0\Rightarrow x\ne-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(A=\dfrac{x^2}{x^2-4}-\dfrac{x}{x-2}+\dfrac{2}{x+2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{x^2}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\dfrac{x}{x-2}+\dfrac{2}{x+2}\) MTC: \(\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{x^2}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\dfrac{x\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{x^2-x\left(x+2\right)+2\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{x^2-x^2-2x+2x-4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{-4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
c) Thay \(x=1\) và biểu thức A ta được:
\(\dfrac{-4}{\left(1-2\right)\left(1+2\right)}=\dfrac{-4}{\left(-1\right).3}=\dfrac{-4}{-3}=\dfrac{4}{3}\)
Vậy giá trị của biểu thức A tại \(x=1\) là \(\dfrac{4}{3}\)
\(x\left(x-3\right)-\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)=3\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-3x-\left(x^2-x+2x-2\right)=3\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-x^2-3x-x+2=3\\ \Leftrightarrow-4x=3-2\\ \Leftrightarrow-4x=1\\ \Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{4}\)
Vậy nghiệm của phương trình trên là \(-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)Chọn B
\(1.\)
\(a.\)
\(\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2}{x^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(x^2-1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{1\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2x^2-2}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{x^3-x^2+3x-3}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8+2x^2-2+x^3-x^2+3x-3}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3+x^2+3x+3}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2\left(x+1\right)+3\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=x-1\)
\(b.\)
\(\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{x^2-y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}-\dfrac{x^2-2xy+y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2+2xy-y^2+4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4xy+4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4y\left(x+y\right)}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2y}{\left(x-y\right)}\)
Tương tự các câu còn lại
a: \(A=2x^2-2xy-y^2+2xy=2x^2-y^2\)
\(=2\cdot\dfrac{4}{9}-\dfrac{1}{9}=\dfrac{7}{9}\)
b: \(B=5x^2-20xy-4y^2+20xy=5x^2-4y^2\)
\(=5\cdot\dfrac{1}{25}-4\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}\)
=1/5-1=-4/5
c \(C=x^3+6x^2+12x+8=\left(x+2\right)^3=\left(-9\right)^3=-729\)
d: \(D=20x^3-10x^2+5x-20x^2+10x+4\)
\(=20x^3-30x^2+15x+4\)
\(=20\cdot5^3-30\cdot5^2+15\cdot2+4=1784\)
1.b
2.d
3.a
4.c
5.d