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Giả sử có 1 mol khí Cl2, 2 mol khí O2
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1}{1+2}.100\%=33,33\%\\\%V_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{1+2}.100\%=66,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1.71}{1.71+2.32}.100\%=52,59\%\\\%m_{O_2}=\dfrac{2.32}{1.71+2.32}.100\%=47,41\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\overline{M}=\dfrac{1.71+2.32}{1+2}=45\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> \(d_{A/H_2}=\dfrac{45}{2}=22,5\)
c) \(n_A=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> mA = 0,3.45 = 13,5 (g)
Áp dụng quy tắc đường chéo:
\(a.\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{V_{Cl_2}}{V_{O_2}}=\dfrac{15,6}{23,4}=\dfrac{2}{3}\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{Cl_2}=40\%\\\%V_{O_2}=60\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b.\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{n_{Cl_2}}{n_{O_2}}=\dfrac{2}{3}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{m_{Cl_2}}{m_{O_2}}=\dfrac{71.2}{32.3}=\dfrac{71}{48}\Leftrightarrow48m_{Cl_2}-71m_{O_2}=0\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{Cl_2}+m_{O_2}=5,95\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cl_2}=3,55\left(g\right)\\m_{O_2}=2,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)
$n_{Cl_2} : n_{O_2} = 1 : 2$
Suy ra :
$\%V_{Cl_2} = \dfrac{1}{1 + 2}.100\% = 33,33\%$
$\%V_{O_2} = \dfrac{2}{1 + 2}.100\% = 66,67\%$
b)
Coi $n_{Cl_2} = 1 (mol) \Rightarrow n_{O_2} = 2(mol)$
$\%m_{Cl_2} = \dfrac{1.71}{1.71 + 2.32}.100\% = 52,59\%$
$\%m_{O_2} = 100\% -52,59\% = 47,41\%$
c)
$M_A = \dfrac{71.1 + 32.2}{1 + 2} = 45(g/mol)$
$d_{A/B} = \dfrac{45}{28} = 1,607$
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6mol\)
\(\overline{M_x}=24.2=48\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}SO_2:64\\O_2:32\end{matrix}\right.\) 48 = \(\dfrac{16}{16}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{SO_2=}n_{O_2}=0,3mol\)
1. \(m_{hh}=0,3.64+0,3.32=28,8g\)
2. \(\%V_{SO_2}=\dfrac{0,3.22,4}{13,44}.100\%=50\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%V_{O_2}=50\%\)
3. \(m_{SO_2}=0,3.64=19,2g\)
\(m_{O_2}=0,3.32=9,6g\)
\(n_A=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=a\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1-a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\overline{M}=8.45\cdot4=33.8\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m=36.5a+32\cdot\left(1-a\right)=33.8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a=0.4\)
\(\%V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0.4}{1}\cdot100\%=40\%\)
\(\%V_{O_2}=60\%\)
\(b.\)
\(n_{HCl}:n_{O_2}=0.4:0.6=2:3\)
\(n_{HCl}=2x\left(mol\right),n_{O_2}=3x\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{hh}=2x\cdot36.5+3x\cdot32=4.225\left(g\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=0.025\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0.025\cdot2\cdot36.5=1.825\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{O_2}=2.4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{hhA}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{hhA}=0,2.30=6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,2\\28x+32y=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2-y\\28.\left(0,2-y\right)+32y=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{N_2}=0,1.28=2,8\left(g\right)\\m_{O_2}=6-2,8=3,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giả sử các khí được đo ở điều kiện sao cho 1 mol khí chiếm thể tích 1 lít
Gọi số mol CH4, C2H6 là a, b (mol)
=> \(a+b=\dfrac{25}{1}=25\left(mol\right)\) (1)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{95}{1}=95\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
a---->2a---------->a
2C2H6 + 7O2 --to--> 4CO2 + 6H2O
b------>3,5b-------->2b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=95-2a-3,5b\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=a+2b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(95-a-1,5b=\dfrac{60}{1}=60\)
=> a + 1,5b = 35 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 5; b = 20
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{5}{25}.100\%=20\%\\\%V_{C_2H_6}=\dfrac{20}{25}.100\%=80\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\overline{M}_A=\dfrac{5.16+20.30}{5+20}=27,2\left(g/mol\right)\)
\(\overline{M}_B=20,5.2=41\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> \(d_{A/B}=\dfrac{27,2}{41}\approx0,663\)
a) \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
0,05-->0,1------->0,05
2C2H2 + 5O2 --to--> 4CO2 + 2H2O
0,125<--0,3125<----0,25
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,05+0,125}.100\%=28,57\%\\\%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,125}{0,05+0,125}.100\%=71,43\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,05.16}{0,05.16+0,125.26}.100\%=19,753\%\\\%m_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,125.26}{0,05.16+0,125.26}.100\%=80,247\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_{O_2}=0,1+0,3125=0,4125\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{O_2}=0,4125.22,4=9,24\left(l\right)\)
=> Vkk = 9,24.5 = 46,2 (l)
a. Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol của CH4 và CO2
Ta có: \(n_A=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo đề, ta có:
- x + y = 0,4 (1)
- 16x + 44y = 9,2 (2)
Từ (1) và (2), ta có HPT:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,4\\16x+44y=9,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải ra, ta được:
x = 0,3, y = 0,1
=> \(m_{CH_4}=0,3.16=4,8\left(g\right);m_{CO_2}=0,1.44=4,4\left(g\right)\)
b. Ta có: \(\overline{M_A}=\dfrac{4,8+4,4}{0,3+0,1}=23\left(g\right)\)
=> \(d_{\dfrac{A}{O_2}}=\dfrac{\overline{M_A}}{M_{O_2}}=\dfrac{23}{32}=0,71875\left(lần\right)\)
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cl_2}+n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\\\overline{M}=\dfrac{71.n_{Cl_2}+32.n_{O_2}}{n_{Cl_2}+n_{O_2}}=2.29=58\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}.100\%=66,67\%\\\%V_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,3}.100\%=33,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cl_2}=0,2.71=14,2\left(g\right)\\m_{O_2}=0,1.32=3,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b ghi nhầm kìa mCl2 chứ :v