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\(n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_M = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 56a + Mb = 12\)
\(Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ M + 2HCl \to MCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = a + b = \dfrac{4,48}{22,4} = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow a = 0,2 - b ( 0< b < 0,2)\)
Suy ra:
56(0,2 - b) + Mb = 12
\(\Rightarrow M = \dfrac{0,8 + 56b}{b}\)
Vì 0 < b < 0,12
Nên M > 62,67(1)
Mặt khác,
\(n_M > \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,35\\ \Rightarrow M < \dfrac{23,8}{0,35} = 68(2)\)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra: 62,67 < M < 68
Do đó, M = 65(Zn) thì thỏa mãn
Vậy M là Zn(Kẽm)
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,024}{22,4}=0,135\left(mol\right)\)
=> nHCl = 0,27 (mol)
Theo ĐLBTKL: mkim loại + mHCl = mmuối + mH2
=> mmuối = 5,85 + 0,27.36,5 - 0,135.2 = 15,435 (g)
b) VH2 = 3,024 (l) (Theo đề bài)
c)
Hỗn hợp kim loại gồm \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Al:a\left(mol\right)\\X:3a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> 27a + MX.3a = 5,85
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
a----------------------->1,5a
X + 2HCl --> XCl2 + H2
3a------------------->3a
=> 1,5a + 3a = 0,135
=> a = 0,03 (mol)
=> MX = 56 (g/mol)
=> X là Fe
a) Do dd sau pư có 3 chát tan với nồng độ % bằng nhau
=> \(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=m_{ZnSO_4}=m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}\)
Gọi số mol Al, Zn là a, b (mol)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
a----->1,5a------->0,5a----->1,5a
Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
b----->b--------->b----->b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,5a=171a\left(g\right)\\m_{ZnSO_4}=161b\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> 171a = 161b
=> \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{161}{171}\) (1)
Có: \(\dfrac{m_{Al}}{m_{Zn}}=\dfrac{27.n_{Al}}{65.n_{Zn}}=\dfrac{27}{65}.\dfrac{161}{171}=\dfrac{483}{1235}\)
b) \(n_{H_2}=1,5a+b=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\) (2)
(1)(2) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{161}{825}\left(mol\right)\\b=\dfrac{57}{275}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(x=\dfrac{161}{825}.27+\dfrac{57}{275}.65=\dfrac{5154}{275}\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,5\dfrac{161}{825}=\dfrac{9177}{275}\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4\left(bđ\right)}=98\left(1,5a+b\right)+\dfrac{9177}{275}=\dfrac{22652}{275}\left(g\right)\)
=> \(y=\dfrac{\dfrac{22652}{275}.100}{10}=\dfrac{45304}{55}\left(g\right)\)
a) Do dd sau pư có 3 chát tan với nồng độ % bằng nhau
=> \(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=m_{ZnSO_4}=m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}\)
Gọi số mol Al, Zn là a, b (mol)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
a----->1,5a------->0,5a----->1,5a
Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
b----->b--------->b----->b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,5a=171a\left(g\right)\\m_{ZnSO_4}=161b\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> 171a = 161b
=> \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{161}{171}\) (1)
Có: \(\dfrac{m_{Al}}{m_{Zn}}=\dfrac{27.n_{Al}}{65.n_{Zn}}=\dfrac{27}{65}.\dfrac{161}{171}=\dfrac{483}{1235}\)
b) \(n_{H_2}=1,5a+b=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\) (2)
(1)(2) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{161}{825}\left(mol\right)\\b=\dfrac{57}{275}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(x=\dfrac{161}{825}.27+\dfrac{57}{275}.65=\dfrac{5154}{275}\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,5\dfrac{161}{825}=\dfrac{9177}{275}\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4\left(bđ\right)}=98\left(1,5a+b\right)+\dfrac{9177}{275}=\dfrac{22652}{275}\left(g\right)\)
=> \(y=\dfrac{\dfrac{22652}{275}.100}{10}=\dfrac{45304}{55}\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2\left(tổng\right)}=n_{Fe}+n_{Zn}=0,2+0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\ m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\\ m_{FeCl_2}=127.0,2=25,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
=> nHCl = 0,25.2 = 0,5 (mol)
=> nCl = 0,5 (mol)
mmuối = mKL + mCl = 9,2 + 0,5.35,5 = 26,95 (g)