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\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2\left(tổng\right)}=n_{Fe}+n_{Zn}=0,2+0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\ m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\\ m_{FeCl_2}=127.0,2=25,4\left(g\right)\)
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,024}{22,4}=0,135\left(mol\right)\)
=> nHCl = 0,27 (mol)
Theo ĐLBTKL: mkim loại + mHCl = mmuối + mH2
=> mmuối = 5,85 + 0,27.36,5 - 0,135.2 = 15,435 (g)
b) VH2 = 3,024 (l) (Theo đề bài)
c)
Hỗn hợp kim loại gồm \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Al:a\left(mol\right)\\X:3a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> 27a + MX.3a = 5,85
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
a----------------------->1,5a
X + 2HCl --> XCl2 + H2
3a------------------->3a
=> 1,5a + 3a = 0,135
=> a = 0,03 (mol)
=> MX = 56 (g/mol)
=> X là Fe
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
=> nHCl = 0,8 (mol)
Theo ĐLBTKL: mA,B + mHCl = mmuối + mH2
=> mA,B = 39,4 + 0,4.2 - 0,8.36,5 = 11 (g)
a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 65x + 27y = 17,05 (1)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{9,52}{22,4}=0,425\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,425\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,15.27=4,05\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{ZnCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,5}=0,3\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Ta có: m dd HCl = 1,05.500 = 525 (g)
m dd sau pư = mhh + m dd HCl - mH2 = 541,2 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.136}{541,2}.100\%\approx5,03\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,15.133,5}{541,2}.100\%\approx3,7\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,1 ( mol )
( Cu không tác dụng với dd axit HCl )
\(m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6g\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Cu}=12-5,6=6,4g\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{12}.100=46,66\%\\\%m_{Cu}=100\%-46,66\%=53,34\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,5.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{H_2}=0,08\left(mol\right)< 0,1\left(mol\right)\)
→ HCl dư.
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}+n_{Fe}=x+y=0,04\left(1\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ 136x + 127y = 5,26 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,02\left(mol\right)\\y=0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,02.65}{0,02.65+0,02.56}.100\%\approx53,72\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx46,28\%\end{matrix}\right.\)