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CH3COOH + Mg ---> CH3COOMg + 1/2H2
(mol) 0,026 0,026 0,013
a) nCH3COOMg = 2,13 : 83 = 0,026 mol
=> C\(_M\)CH3COOH = 0,026 : 0,02 = 1,3 M
b) V\(_{H2}\)= 0,013 . 22,4 = 0,2912(lit)
c) CH3COOH + NaOH ----> CH3COONa + H2O
1.
\(PTHH:2CH_3COOH+Mg\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg+H_2\)
\(n_{Mg}=\frac{7,2}{24}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CH3COOH}=\frac{120.20}{100}=24\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{CH3COOH}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT:
\(n_{\left(CH3COO\right)2Mg}=\frac{1}{2}n_{CH3COOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{\left(CH3COO\right)2Mg}=28,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd_{spu}}=7,2+120-0,4=126,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CH3COOMg}=22,3\%\)
2.
\(PTHH:CH_3COOH+NaOH\rightarrow CH_3COONa+H_2O\)
Ta có :
\(m_{CH3COH}=\frac{15.120}{100}=18\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{CH3COOH}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{NaOH}=\frac{20.100}{100}=20g\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT thì NaOH dư
\(n_{CH3COONa}=n_{CH3COOH}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CH3COONa}=24,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd\left(spu\right)}=120+100=220\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CH3COONa}=11,2\%\)
3.
\(n_{CaO}=\frac{14}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CH3COOH}=\frac{200.18}{100}=36\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CH3COOH}=\frac{36}{60}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2CH_3COOH+CaO\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ca+H_2O\)
Lập tỉ lệ: \(\frac{0,25}{1}< \frac{0,6}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) CaO hết. CH3COOH dư
\(n_{CH3COOH_{dư}}=0,6-0,25.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{dd\left(thu.duoc\right)}=14+200=214\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{\left(CH3COO\right)2Na}=\frac{0,25.158}{214}.100\%=18,46\%\)
\(C\%_{CH3COOH_{dư}}=\frac{0,1.60}{214}.100\%=2,8\%\)
4.
\(m_{Na2CO3}=\frac{42,4.10}{100}=4,24\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Na2CO3}=\frac{4,24}{106}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CO2}=\frac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2CH_2COOH+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow2CH_3COONa+H_2O+CO_2\)
_______0,04 ___________ 0,02 ____________ 0,04 __________ 0,02
Sau phản ứng Na2CO3 dư.
\(n_{Na2CO3_{dư}}=0,04-0,02=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{dd\left(CH3COOH\right)}=\frac{2,4.100}{5}.100\%=48\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd\left(Spu\right)}=m_{dd\left(Na2CO3\right)}+m_{dd_{Axit}}-m_{CO2}\)
\(=42,4+48-0,02.44=89,52\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CH3COOH}=0,04.60=2,4\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na2CO3\left(dư\right)}=\frac{0,02.106}{89,52}.100\%=2,37\%\)
\(C\%_{CH3COONa}=\frac{0,04.82}{89,52}.100\%=3,66\%\)
a) nNa2CO3= 21,2/106= 0,2(mol)
PTHH: Na2CO3 + 2 HCl -> 2 NaCl + H2O + CO2
b) nCO2= nNa2CO3= 0,2(mol)
=> V(CO2, đktc)= 0,2. 22,4= 4,48(l)
c) mddHCl= 1,5 . 300= 450(g)
mddsau= 450 + 21,2 - 0,2. 44= 462,4(g)
nNaCl= 2. 0,2= 0,4(mol)
=> mNaCl= 0,4. 58,5= 23,4(g)
=> C%ddNaCl= (23,4/ 462,4).100 \(\approx\) 5,061%
nNa2CO3 = \(\dfrac{m}{M}\)=\(\dfrac{21,2}{106}\)= 0,2 (mol)
a. PTHH:
Na2CO3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + CO2↑ + H2O
1 mol : 2 mol : 2 mol : 1 mol : 1 mol
0,2 mol : 0,4 mol : 0,4 mol : 0,2 mol : 0,2 mol
b. VCO2 (đktc) = n.22,4 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
c. mdd = Vdd.D = 300.1,5 = 450 (g)
C%dd NaCl = \(\dfrac{m_{ct}}{m_{dd}}\).100% = \(\dfrac{0,4.58,5}{450}\).100% = 5,2%
a) PTHH:\(CO_2+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow BaCO_3+H_2O\)\(CaCO_3+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ca+H_2O+CO_2\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{CaCO_3}=\frac{60}{100}=0,6\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{CH_3COOH}=1,2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CH_3COOH}=1,2\cdot60=72\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddCH_3COOH}=\frac{72}{12\%}=600\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ca}=n_{CO_2}=0,6mol\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ca}=0,6\cdot158=94,8\left(g\right)\\m_{CO_2}=0,6\cdot44=26,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{CaCO_3}+m_{ddCH_3COOH}-m_{CO_2}=633,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{dd\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ca}=\frac{94,8}{633,6}\cdot100\approx14,96\%\)
d) Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{BaCO_3}=0,6mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{BaCO_3}=0,6\cdot197=118,2\left(g\right)\)
a) \(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{21,2}{106}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2CO3 + 2CH3COOH --> 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
0,2--------->0,4--------------->0,4------->0,2
=> VCO2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
b) \(m_{dd.CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{0,4.60}{12\%}=200\left(g\right)\)
c) mdd sau pư = 21,2 + 200 - 0,2.44 = 212,4 (g)
=> \(C\%_{muối}=\dfrac{0,4.82}{212,4}.100\%=15,44\%\)