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đổi `250ml=0,25l`
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=C_M\cdot V_{ddH_2SO_4}=0,25\cdot2=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2O_3}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(PTHH:Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
tỉ lệ 1 : 3 : 1 ; 3
n(mol) a---------->3a-------------->a------------->3a
\(PTHH:CuO+H_2SO_4->CuSO_4+H_2O\)
tỉ lệ 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
n(mol) b-------->b------------>b----------->b
ta có hệ phương trình sau
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}102a+80b=26,2\\3a+b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\\ < =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\\ =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\cdot102=10,2\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=0,2\cdot80=16\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{26,2}\cdot100\%\approx38,9\%\\\%m_{CuO}=100\%-38,9\%=61,1\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuSO_4}=b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\cdot342=34,2\left(g\right)\\m_{CuSO_4}=0,2\cdot160=32\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25.2=0,5mol\\ n_{Al_2O_3}=a,n_{CuO}=b\\ Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\\ CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+b=0,5\\102a+80b=26,2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=0,1;b=0,2\\ \%m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,1.102}{26,2}\cdot100=39\%\\ \%m_{CuO}=100-39=61\%\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:MgCO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\\ MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{MgCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{MgCO_3}=0,1\cdot84=8,4\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow\%_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{8,4}{10,4}\cdot100\%\approx80,77\%\\ \Rightarrow\%_{MgO}=100\%-80,77\%=19,23\%\)
\(b,m_{MgO}=10,4-8,4=2\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{MgO}=\dfrac{2}{40}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\sum n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{MgCO_3}+n_{MgO}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\sum m_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\cdot98=14,7\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow\sum m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{14,7}{9,8\%}=150\left(g\right)\\ \sum n_{MgSO_4}=\sum n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\sum m_{MgSO_4}=0,15\cdot120=18\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{18}{10,4+150-0,1\cdot44}\approx11,54\%\)
\(PTHH:Zn+H_2SO_4\to ZnSO_4+H_2\\ CuO+H_2SO_4\to CuSO_4+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13(g)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{21}.100\%=61,9\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{CuO}=100\%-61,9\%=38,1\%\\ \Rightarrow n_{CuO}=\dfrac{21-13}{80}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \Sigma n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1+0,2=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6(l)\)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O|\)
1 1 1 1
0,1 0,1
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2|\)
1 1 1 1
0,2 0,2 0,2
b) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CuO}=21-13=8\left(g\right)\)
0/0CuO = \(\dfrac{8.100}{21}=38,1\)0/0
0/0Zn = \(\dfrac{13.100}{21}=61,9\)0/0
c) Có : \(m_{CuO}=8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H2SO4\left(tổng\right)}=0,1+0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6\left(l\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
a) mH2SO4= 20%.73,5=14,7(g) -> nH2SO4=0,15(mol)
PTHH: CuO + H2SO4 -> CuSO4 + H2O
x______________x____x(mol)
ZnO + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2O
y_____y_______y(mol)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}80x+81y=12,1\\x+y=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) mCuO=0,05.80=4(g)
-> %mCuO= (4/12,1).100=33,058%
=>%mZnO= 66,942%
a, \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
b, Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 80x + 160y = 32 (1)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuCl_2}=n_{Cu}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_3}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=2y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 135x + 325y = 59,5 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\left(mol\right)\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,1.160=16\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CuO}+6n_{Fe_2O_3}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1}{0,5}=2\left(l\right)\)