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a, Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{ZnO}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(đk:a,b>0\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=1,5.0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Fe2O3 + 6HCl ---> FeCl3 + 3H2O
a-------->6a
ZnO + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
b----->2b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}160a+81b=8,83\\6a+2b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,04\left(mol\right)\\b=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\right)\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,04.160=6,4\left(g\right)\\m_{ZnO}=0,03.81=2,43\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, PTHH:
Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 ---> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
0,04------>0,12
ZnO + H2SO4 ---> ZnSO4 + H2O
0,03->0,03
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=\left(0,12+0,03\right).98=14,7\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{14,7.100}{30\%}=49\left(g\right)\)
gọi \(x,y\) lần lượt là số \(mol\) của\(CuO\) và \(ZnO\)
số \(mol\) \(HCl\)
\(N=Cm.V=3.0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
lập \(PTHH\) :
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl2+H2O\)
\(x\Rightarrow2x\)
\(ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl2+H2O\)
\(y\Rightarrow2y\)
theo \(PTP\) , ta có :
\(2x+2y=0,3\) \(\left(1\right)\)
theo đề ra :
\(mCuO+mZnO=80x+81y=12,1\left(g\right)\) \(\left(2\right)\)
từ \(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\Rightarrow80x+81y=12,1\left(g\right)\Rightarrow x=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(2x+2y=0,3\Rightarrow y=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(a,\) \(\%CuO=\dfrac{0,05.80.100}{12,1}=33,06\%\)
\(\%ZnO=\dfrac{0,1.80.100}{12,1}=66,94\%\)
\(b,\) \(CuO+H2SO4\rightarrow CuOSO4+H2O\)
\(0,05\rightarrow0,05\)
\(ZnO+H2SO4\rightarrow ZnSO4+H2O\)
\(0,1\rightarrow0,1\)
\(nH2SO4=0,05+0,1=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(mH2SO4=0,15.98=14,7\left(g\right)\)
\(mddH2SO4=14,7:20=73,5\left(g\right)\)
\(a.Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\\ CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\\ b.n_{H_2SO_4}=0,22.1,25=0,275mol\\ n_{Fe_2O_3}=a;n_{CuO}=b\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+b=0,275\\160a+80b=16\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=0,075;b=0,05\\ \%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,075.160}{16}\cdot100=75\%\\ \%m_{CuO}=100-75=25\%\)
\(n_{CuO}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Fe_2O_3}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m=80a+160b=20\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0.2\cdot3.5=0.7\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(n_{HCl}=2a+6b=0.7\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.05,b=0.1\)
\(m_{CuO}=0.05\cdot80=4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_2O_3}=0.1\cdot160=16\left(g\right)\)
Gọi số mol H2O sinh ra là a (mol)
=> \(n_{H_2SO_4}=a\left(mol\right)\)
Theo ĐLBTKL: moxit + mH2SO4 = mmuối + mH2O
=> 16,6 + 98a = 24,6 + 18a
=> a = 0,1 (mol)
=> nO = 0,1 (mol)
=> mkim loại = 16,6 - 0,1.16 = 15 (g)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
1. Gọi mol của Mg và Al là x, y mol
=> 24x + 27y = 12,6 (1)
nH2 = 0,6 mol => x + 1,5y = 0,6 (2)
Từ (1) (2) => x = 0,3 ; y = 0,2
=> %Mg = 57,14%
=> %Al = 42,86%
nH2=13,44/22,4=0,6(mol)
Đặt: nMg=a(mol); nAl=b(mol) (a,b>0)
1) PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2
a__________a________a_____a(mol)
2Al +3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2
b___1,5b______0,5b____1,5b(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=12,6\\a+1,5b=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,3\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mMg=0,3.24=7,2(g)
=>%mMg= (7,2/12,6).100=57,143%
=>%mAl=42,857%
2) mMgSO4=120.a=120.0,3=36(g)
mAl2(SO4)3=342.0,5b=342.0,5.0,2= 34,2(g)
mH2SO4= (0,3+0,2.1,5).98=58,8(g)
=>mddH2SO4=58,8: 14,7%=400(g)
=>mddsau= 12,6+400 - 2.0,6= 411,4(g)
=>C%ddAl2(SO4)3= (34,2/411,4).100=8,313%
C%ddMgSO4=(36/411,4).100=8,751%
CuO + H2SO4---> CuSO4 +H2O
x x mol
Ag2O+ H2SO4 ----> Ag2SO4 +H2O
y y mol
=> ta có hệ 80x+ 232y=54,4 và 160x+312y=78,4
=> x=0,1 và y=0,2 =>mCuO=8 gam và mAg2O=46,4 gam.
\(a) \\ Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2\\ Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2SO_4 \to Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2O\\ b) \text{Theo PTHH} : \\ n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{2,24}{22,4} = 0,1(mol)\\ \%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,1.56}{8} .100\% = 70\%\\ \%m_{Fe_2O_3} = 100\% -70\% = 30\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ \left(mol\right).....0,1...........................\leftarrow0,1\\ m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{Fe_2O_3}=\Sigma m_{hh}-m_{Fe}=8-5,6=2,4\left(g\right)\\ PTHH:Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{8}.100\%=70\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{2,4}{8}.100\%=30\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=x\\n_{ZnO}=y\end{matrix}\right.\) ( mol )
\(n_{HCl}=0,1.3=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
x 2x ( mol )
\(ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2O\)
y 2y ( mol )
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{hh}=80x+81y=12,1\\2x+2y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,05.80}{12,1}.100=33,05\%\\\%m_{ZnO}=100\%-33,05\%=66,95\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{dd\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{20\%}=54,75\left(g\right)\)