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$n_{Fe}=\frac{19,6}{56}=0,35(mol)$
$Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2$
Theo PT: $n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,35(mol)$
$\to m_{H_2SO_4}=0,35.98=34,3(g)$
$m_{FeSO_4}=0,35.152=53,2(g)$
$m_{H_2}=0,35.2=0,7(g)$
1a. PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{14,7}{1.2+32+16.4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Do \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,15}{1}\) => Fe dư, H2SO4 hết.
- Theo PTHH \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{FeSO_4}=0,15.152=22,8\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
2Al+3H2SO4->Al2(SO4)3+3H2
0,1----------------------0,075----0,15
n H2=0,15 mol
=>mAl=0,1.27=2,7g
=>m Al2(SO4)3=0,075.342=25,65g
a) PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_2\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,15=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05.342=17,1\left(g\right)\)
\(R+H_2SO_4\rightarrow RSO_4+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,168}{22,4}=0,32\left(mol\right)\\ n_R=n_{H_2}=0,32\left(mol\right)\\ M_R=\dfrac{7,68}{0,32}=24\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow R\left(II\right):Magie\left(Mg=24\right)\)
BTKL: \(m_{Fe}+m_{HCl}=m_{muối}+m_{H_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=5,6+7,3-12,7=0,2\left(g\right)\)
\(1.\\ n_A=\dfrac{16,8}{A}mol\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,437}{24,79}=0,3mol\\ A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{16,8}{A}=0,3\\ \Rightarrow A=56g/mol\\ \Rightarrow A.là.Fe\\ \Rightarrow Chọn.A\\ 2.\\ n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1mol\\ V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479l\\ \Rightarrow Chọn.B\\ 3.\\ Axit:H_2SO_4;HCl\\ \Rightarrow Chọn.B\\ 4.\\ 3,719l\Rightarrow3,7185\\ CTHH:R\\ n_R=\dfrac{3,6}{R}mol\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,7185}{24,79}=0,15mol\\ R+2HCl\rightarrow RCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{3,6}{R}=0,15\\ \Rightarrow R=24g/mol,Mg\\ \Rightarrow Chọn.B\)
BTKL: \(n_{Fe}+m_{HCl}=m_{FeCl_2}+m_{H_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=12,7+0,2-5,6=7,3(g)\)
Chọn B
`a)`
PTHH : `Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl_2 + H_2`
`b)`
`n_{Fe} = (11,2)/(56) = 0,2` `mol`
`n_{HCl} = 2 . n_{Fe} = 0,4` `mol`
`m_{HCl} = 0,4 . 36,5 = 14,6` `gam`
`c)`
`n_{FeCl_2} = n_{Fe} = 0,2` `mol`
`m_{FeCl_2} = 0,2 . 127 = 25,4` `gam`
`n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} = 0,2` `mol`
`V_{H_2} = 0,2 . 22,4 = 4,48` `l`
\(n_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{22,8}{152}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4->FeSO_4+H_2\)
tỉ lệ 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
n(mol) 0,15<-----------------0,15
\(m_{Fe}=n\cdot M=0,15\cdot56=8,4\left(g\right)\\ =>B\)
B