Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
- Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow27a+24b=10,2\left(1\right)\)
Khí thu được sau p/ứ là khí H2: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
2 3 (mol)
a 3/2 a (mol)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
1 1 (mol)
b b (mol)
Từ hai PTHH trên ta có: \(\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=0,5\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\) ta có hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=10,2\\\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải ra ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(\%Al=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{m_{hh}}.100\%=\dfrac{0,2.27}{10,2}.100\%\approx52,94\%\)
\(\%Mg=100\%-\%Al=100\%-52,94=47,06\%\)
b)
\(3H_2+Fe_2O_3\rightarrow^{t^0}2Fe+3H_2O\)
3 1 2 (mol)
0,5 1/6 1/3 (mol)
\(m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{3}.56=\dfrac{56}{3}\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_2O_3\left(pứ\right)}=\dfrac{1}{6}.160=\dfrac{80}{3}\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=60-m_{Fe}=60-\dfrac{56}{3}=\dfrac{124}{3}\left(g\right)\)
\(a=\dfrac{124}{3}+\dfrac{80}{3}=68\left(g\right)\)
Bài 3 :
\(a) n_{CuO} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe_2O_3} = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 80a + 160b = 36(1)\\ CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O\\ Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe + H_2O\\ n_{Cu} = n_{CuO} = a(mol)\\ n_{Fe} = 2n_{Fe_2O_3} = 2b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 64a = 4.2b.56(2)\\ (1)(2) \Rightarrow a = 0,35 ; b = 0,05\\ m_{CuO} = 0,35.80 = 28(gam)\\ m_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,05.160 = 8(gam)\\ b) n_{H_2} = a + 3b = 0,5(mol) \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,5.22,4 = 11,2(lít)\)
\(c) Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{HCl} = 2n_{Fe} = 0,1.2 = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,2.36,5}{10,95\%} = 66,67(gam)\)
Bài 4 :
\(a) Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = n_{Zn} = \dfrac{1,95}{65} = 0,03(mol)\\ V_{H_2} = 0,03.22,4= 0,672(lít)\\ b) n_{HCl} =2 n_{H_2} = 0,06(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,06.36,5}{120}.100\% = 1,825\%\\ m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 1,95 + 120 - 0,03.2 = 121,89(gam)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{ZnCl_2} = \dfrac{0,03.136}{121,89}.100\% = 3,35\%\)
\(m_{H_2}=0,01a\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,01a}{2}=0,005a\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,005a<----------------0,005a
=> mFe = 56.0,005a = 0,28a (g)
Gọi số mol FeO, Fe2O3 là x, y (mol)
=> 72x + 160y = a - 0,28a = 0,72a (1)
\(m_{H_2O}=0,2115a\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{0,2115a}{18}=0,01175a\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: FeO + H2 --to--> Fe + H2O
x---------------------->x
Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
y----------------------------->3y
=> x + 3y = 0,01175a (2)
(1)(2) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,005a\left(mol\right)\\y=0,00225a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\%Fe=\dfrac{0,28a}{a}.100\%=28\%\)
\(\%FeO=\dfrac{72.0,005a}{a}.100\%=36\%\)
\(\%Fe_2O_3=\dfrac{160.0,00225a}{a}.100\%=36\%\)
\(m_{H_2}=0,01a\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,005a\left(mol\right)\\\Rightarrow m_{FeO,Fe_2O_3}=a-0,005a.56=0,72a\\ Đặt:n_{FeO}=x\left(mol\right);n_{Fe_2O_3}=y\left(mol\right)\left(x,y>0\right)\\ \Rightarrow72x+160y=0,72a\left(1\right)\\ m_{H_2O}=0,2115a\\ \Leftrightarrow18x+54y=0,2115a\left(2\right)\\ \left(1\right),\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{504}{47}x=\dfrac{1120}{47}y\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1120}{47}}{\dfrac{504}{47}}=\dfrac{20}{9}\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,28a}{a}.100=28\%\\Ta.có:x.72+0,45x.160=0,72a\\ \Leftrightarrow144x=0,72a\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{0,72}{144}=0,005\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{FeO}=\dfrac{72.0,005a}{a}.100=36\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=100\%-\left(28\%+36\%\right)=36\%\)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=y\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=z\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 80x + 160y + 40z = 12 (1)
- Cho X pư với dd HCl.
PT: \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CuO}+6n_{Fe_2O_3}+2n_{MgO}=2x+6y+2z=0,45\left(2\right)\)
- Cho CO qua hh nung nóng.
Có: \(kx+ky+kz=0,175\)
PT: \(CuO+CO\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+CO_2\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3CO\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3CO_2\)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=kx\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=2ky\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 64kx + 56.2ky + 40kz = 10
Ta có: \(\dfrac{kx+ky+kz}{64kx+56.2ky+40kz}=\dfrac{0,175}{10}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y+z}{64x+112y+40z}=\dfrac{7}{400}\)
⇒ 6x + 48y - 15z = 0 (3)
Từ (1), (2) và (3) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\left(mol\right)\\y=0,025\left(mol\right)\\z=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,05.80=4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,025.160=4\left(g\right)\\m_{MgO}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)