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1/a) X: KL hoá trị II
X+ 2HCl ----> XCl2 + H2
0.15 0.3 0.15
n H2= 3.36/22.4=0.15 mol
M X= 3.6/0.15=24 g/mol
=> X là Mg
b) Mg + 2HCl ----> MgCl2 + H2
0.15 0.3 0.15 0.15
m MgCl2= 0.15 x 95= 14.25g
Định luật bảo toàn khối lượng
mdd MgCl2= 3.6 + 146 - (0.15x2)=149.3g
C%=( 14.25x 100)/ 149.3= 9.5%
nHCl=0,7.1=0,7(mol)
nCO2=4,48/22,4=0,2(mol)
PTHH: MgCO3 +2 HCl -> MgCl2 + CO2 + H2O
0,2_________0,4_____0,2______0,2(mol)
nMgCO3=nCO2=0,2(mol) => mMgCO3=0,2. 84= 16,8(g)
=> mFeO= mX - mMgCO3= 24 - 16,8= 7,2(g)
=> %mMgCO3= (16,8/24).100=70%
=>%mFeO=100% - 70%= 30%
b) nFeO= 7,2/72=0,1(mol)
FeO +2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2O
0,1___0,2______0,1(mol)
Vì 0,4+0,2=0,6 => HCl có dư => nHCl(dư)= 0,7 - 0,6=0,1(mol)
Vddsau= VddHCl=0,7(l)
CMddHCl(dư)= 0,1/0,7= 1/7 (M)
CMddFeCl2= 0,1/0,7=1/7(M)
CMddMgCl2= 0,2/0,7=2/7(M)
a. \(n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{MgCl_2}=n_{MgCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgCO_3}=0,2.84=16,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{16,8.100\%}{24}=70\%\\ \%m_{FeO}=100\%-70\%=30\%\)
b. \(FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\)
\(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{24-16,8}{72}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{FeCl_2}\)
\(C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,7}=\dfrac{1}{7}\left(M\right)\)
\(C_{M_{MgCO_3}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,7}=\dfrac{2}{7}\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{18,36}{102}=0,18\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,81}{27}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\left(1\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\left(2\right)\\ H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\left(3\right)\\ n_{NaOH}=0,05.4=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,18+0,5.0,03=0,195\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=m_{hh}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}\\ =18,36+0,81+300-0,045.2=319,08\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{342.0,195}{319,08}.100\approx20,901\%\\ C\%_{ddH_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1.98}{319,08}.100\approx3,071\%\)