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Câu 1 :
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{8.4}{24}=0.35\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.35.......0.7.........0.35..........0.35\)
\(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0.7\cdot36.5}{146}\cdot100\%=17.5\%\)
\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=8.4+146-0.35\cdot2=153.7\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0.35\cdot95}{153.7}\cdot100\%=21.6\%\)
Câu 2 :
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{10}{100}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{114.1\cdot8\%}{36.5}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(1................2\)
\(0.1.............0.25\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0.1}{1}< \dfrac{0.25}{2}\Rightarrow HCldư\)
\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=10+114.1-0.1\cdot44=119.7\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{\left(0.25-0.2\right)\cdot36.5}{119.7}\cdot100\%=1.52\%\)
\(C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{0.2\cdot111}{119.7}\cdot100\%=18.54\%\)
nCuSO4=40/160=0,25 mol
CM CuSO4 =0,25/0,1=2,5M
nNaCl = 30/58,5=20/39 mol
nH2O = 170 /18=85/9 mol
2NaCl + 2H2O --> Cl2 + H2 + 2NaOH
20/39 10/39 10/39 20/39 mol
ta thấy nNaCl/2<nH2O/2
=> NaCl hết , H2O dư
=>mNaOH=20/39*20\(\approx\)20,51 g
m dd sau = 30 + 170 - 10/39*35,5-10,39*2\(\approx\)190,38 g
C% NaOh = 20,51*100/190,38=10,77%
\(a.Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\\ b.n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{24}{160}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=3.0,15=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,45.98.100}{14,7}=300\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=24+300=324\left(g\right)\\ n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{ddFe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,15.400}{324}.100\approx18,519\%\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{10}{160}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MddCuSO_4}=\dfrac{0,0625}{0,2}=0,3125\left(M\right)\\ m_{ddCuSO_4}=200.1,26=252\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddCuSO_4}=\dfrac{10}{252}.100\%\approx3,968\%\)
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{8,1}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6\%.200}{98}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\a, ZnO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2O\\ b,Vì:\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\\ \Rightarrow H_2SO_4dư\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(p.ứ\right)}=n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{ZnO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=98.0,3=29,4\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{ZnSO_4}=0,1.161=16,1\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=m_{ZnO}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}=8,1+200=208,1\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{ddH_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{29,4}{208,1}.100\approx14,128\%\\ C\%_{ddZnSO_4}=\dfrac{16,1}{208,1}.100\approx7,737\%\)
ZnO+H2SO4->ZnSO4+H2O
0,1-----0,1-------0,1-------0,1 mol
n ZnO=\(\dfrac{8,1}{81}\)=0,1 mol
m H2SO4 =39,2g =>n H2SO4=\(\dfrac{39,2}{98}\)=0,4 mol
=>H2SO4 , dư 0,3 mol
=>m H2SO4=0,3.98=29,4g
=>C%H2SO4 dư=\(\dfrac{29,4}{200+0,1.18}\).100=14,568%
=>C% ZnSO4=\(\dfrac{0,1.161}{200+0,1.18}.100=7,9781\%\)
a)\(C\%=\dfrac{m_{ct}}{m_{dd}}\cdot100\%=\dfrac{5}{5+45}\cdot100\%=10\%\)
b)\(C\%=\dfrac{m_{ct}}{m_{dd}}\cdot100\%=\dfrac{5,6}{5,6+94,4}\cdot100\%=5,6\%\)
c)\(m_{ctNaOH}=\dfrac{200\cdot10\%}{100\%}=20g\)
\(m_{ctNaOH}=\dfrac{300\cdot5\%}{100\%}=15g\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{m_{ct}}{m_{dd}}\cdot100\%=\dfrac{20+15}{200+300}\cdot100\%=7\%\)
\(a,C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{5}{5+45}=10\%\)
b, \(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaO + H2O ---> Ca(OH)2
0,1 ---------------> 0,1
\(\rightarrow C\%_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{74.0,1}{5,6+94,4}=37\%\)
c, \(m_{NaOH}=10\%.200+5\%.300=35\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{35}{200+300}=7\%\)
5 Nồng độ phần trăm là gì? Trong hóa học, nồng độ phần trăm của dung dịch được kí hiệu là C% cho ta biết số gam chất tan có trong 100 gam dung dịch là bao nhiêu
C%=\(\dfrac{20}{620}.100=3,22\%\)
CM=\(\dfrac{1,5}{0,75}\)=2M
6 ko giải thích lại
C%=\(\dfrac{30}{230}100=13\%\)
CM=\(\dfrac{1}{0,2}\)=5M
\(a,b,m_{dd}=40+200=240\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}}=\dfrac{40}{240}.100\%=16,67\%\)
mH2SO4=200.10/100=20(g)
mdd=10+200=210(g)
=>C%H2SO4
=>C%CuSO4
bạn dựa vào công thức: C%=mct/mdd.100%
Thank