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a)
$n_{Al} = 0,3(mol)$
$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,45(mol)$
$m_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,45.98}{12,25\%} = 360(gam)$
b)
$n_{H_2} = n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,45(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08(lít)$
c)
$n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 8,1 + 360 - 0,45.2 = 367,2(gam)$
$C\%_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{0,15.342}{367,2}.100\% = 14\%$
a, \(H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
b, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{H_2SO_4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,4.40}{20\%}=80\left(g\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.142}{100}.100\%=28,4\%\)
a,\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Mol: 0,1 0,15 0,15
b,\(m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
c,\(C_{M_{ddH_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,5}=0,3M\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4(mol)\\ a,2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,6(mol);n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=0,2(mol)\\ b,V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44(l)\\ c,m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,6.98}{9,8\%}=600(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=\dfrac{0,2.342}{10,8+600-0,6.2}.100\%=11,22\%\)
\(n_{FeO}=a\left(mol\right),n_{CuO}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{hh}=72a+80b=19.2\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(FeO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2O\)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=a+b=0.25\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.1,b=0.15\)
\(m_{FeO}=0.1\cdot72=7.2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CuO}=12\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0.1}{0.25}=0.4\left(M\right)\)
\(C_{M_{CuSO_4}}=\dfrac{0.15}{0.25}=0.6\left(M\right)\)
Câu 15 :
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,4----->1,2------->0,4------>0,6
\(m_{HCl}=1,2.36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{43.8.100\%}{25\%}=175,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=10,8+175,2-0,6.2=184,8\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{AlCl3}=\dfrac{0,4.133,5}{184,8}.100\%=28,9\%\)
a, \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
b, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,6.98}{25\%}=235,2\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,2.342}{10,8+235,2-0,6.2}.100\%\approx27,94\%\)