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\(x+\sqrt{x+yz}=x+\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}=x+\sqrt{x^2+yz+x\left(z+y\right)}\)
\(\ge x+\sqrt{2\sqrt{x^2yz}+x\left(y+z\right)}=x+\sqrt{x\cdot2\sqrt{yz}+x\left(y+z\right)}=x+\sqrt{x\left(y+z+2\sqrt{yz}\right)}\)
\(=x+\sqrt{x\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)^2}=x+\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{x+\sqrt{x+yz}}\le\frac{x}{x+\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}\)
tương tự :
\(\frac{y}{y+\sqrt{y+xz}}\le\frac{\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}}\)
\(\frac{z}{z+\sqrt{z+xy}}\le\frac{\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\)
cộng vế theo vế ta được
\(\frac{x}{x+\sqrt{x+yz}}+\frac{y}{y+\sqrt{y+zx}}+\frac{z}{z+\sqrt{z+xy}}\le\frac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}=1\)
dấu "=" xảy tra khi x=y=z=1/3
TA CÓ:
\(Q=\frac{x\left(\sqrt{x+zy}-x\right)}{x+yz-x^2}+\frac{y\left(\sqrt{y+zx}-y\right)}{y+zx-y^2}+\frac{z\left(\sqrt{xy+z}-z\right)}{z+xy-z^2}\)
\(=\frac{x\left(\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}-x\right)}{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz-x^2}+\frac{y\left(\sqrt{y\left(x+y+z\right)+zx}-y\right)}{y\left(x+y+z\right)-y^2+zx}+\frac{z\left(\sqrt{xy+z\left(x+y+z\right)}-z\right)}{z\left(x+y+z\right)+xy-z^2}\)
\(=\frac{x\left(\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(z+x\right)}-x\right)}{xy+yz+zx}+\frac{y\left(\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}-y\right)}{xy+yz+zx}+\frac{z\left(\sqrt{\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}-z\right)}{xy+yz+za}\)
ÁP DỤNG BĐT CÔ-SI TA ĐƯỢC:
\(Q\le\frac{x\left(\frac{x+y+z+x}{2}-x\right)}{xy+zx+yz}+\frac{y\left(\frac{x+y+z+y}{2}-y\right)}{xy+yz+zx}+\frac{z\left(\frac{x+y+z+z}{2}-z\right)}{xy+yz+zx}\)
\(=\frac{xy+zx}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}+\frac{xy+yz}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}+\frac{yz+zx}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=1\)
DẤU BẰNG XẢY RA \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
a) \(M=\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{4-x}\)
Nhận xét : \(M\ge0\)
M đạt giá trị lớn nhất <=> \(M^2\)đạt giá trị lớn nhất
Ta có : \(M^2=\left(1.\sqrt{x-2}+1.\sqrt{4-x}\right)^2\le\left(1^2+1^2\right)\left(x-2+4-x\right)=4\)
\(\Rightarrow M\le2\)
Dấu đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}2\le x\le4\\\sqrt{x-2}=\sqrt{4-x}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow x=3}\)
Vậy Max M = 2 <=> x = 3
b) Ta có : \(N=\frac{yz\sqrt{x-1}+xz\sqrt{y-2}+xy\sqrt{z-3}}{xyz}=\frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}+\frac{\sqrt{y-2}}{y}+\frac{\sqrt{z-3}}{z}\)
Mặt khác ta có ; \(\frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}=\frac{\sqrt{\left(x-1\right).1}}{x}\le\frac{x-1+1}{2x}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{\sqrt{y-2}}{y}\le\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4};\frac{\sqrt{z-3}}{z}\le\frac{\sqrt{3}}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow N\le\frac{1}{2}+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{6}\)
Dấu đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=4\\z=6\end{cases}}\)
Vậy Max \(N=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{6}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=4\\z=6\end{cases}}\)
\(M=\frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}+\frac{\sqrt{y-4}}{y}\)
ta co \(1.\sqrt{x-1}\le\frac{x+1-1}{2}=\frac{x}{2}\)
\(2.\sqrt{y-4}=\sqrt{4}\sqrt{y-4}\le\frac{y-4+4}{2}=\frac{y}{2}\)
\(M=\frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}+\frac{\sqrt{4}\sqrt{y-4}}{2y}\le\frac{\frac{x}{2}}{x}+\frac{\frac{y}{2}}{2y}=\frac{x}{2x}+\frac{y}{4y}=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)
vay max \(M=\frac{3}{4}\)khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=8\end{cases}}\)
Câu 1:
\(y^2+yz+z^2=1-\frac{3x^2}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2y^2+2yz+2z^2=2-3x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y+z\right)^2+y^2+z^2+3x^2=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y+z\right)^2+x^2+2x\left(y+z\right)+y^2+z^2+2x^2-2x\left(y+z\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2xz+z^2\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2=2-\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(x-z\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A^2=2-\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2\right]\le2\forall x;y;z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\sqrt{2}\le A\le\sqrt{2}\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=-\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y=z\\x+y+z=-\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{-\sqrt{2}}{3}\)
\(A_{max}=\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\)
Câu 2:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(P=\frac{1}{1+xy}+\frac{1}{1+yz}+\frac{1}{1+zx}\ge\frac{9}{3+xy+yz+zx}\ge\frac{9}{3+x^2+y^2+z^2}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Câu 3:
\(P=\frac{ab\sqrt{c-2}+bc\sqrt{a-3}+ca\sqrt{b-4}}{abc}\) ( \(a\ge3;b\ge4;c\ge2\) )
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{c-2}}{c}+\frac{\sqrt{a-3}}{a}+\frac{\sqrt{b-4}}{b}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(P=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{2}\cdot\sqrt{c-2}}{c}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{3}\cdot\sqrt{a-3}}{a}+\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{2\cdot\sqrt{b-4}}{b}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\cdot\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{2+c-2}{c}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\cdot\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{3+a-3}{a}+\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{4+b-4}{b}=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=6\\b=8\\c=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 4:
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}=a;\sqrt{y}=b\left(a;b\ge0\right)\)
\(M=a^2-2ab+3b^2-2a+1\)
\(M=a^2-a\left(2b+2\right)+3b^2+1\)
\(\Delta=\left(2b+2\right)^2-4\left(3b^2+1\right)\)
\(=-8b^2+8b\)
\(=-8b\left(b+1\right)\ge0\)
Vì \(b\ge0\) nên \(-8b\left(b+1\right)\le0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=0\)
Khi đó \(M=a^2-2a+1=\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=1\)
Vậy \(M_{min}=1\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có:\(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{y\left(x+z\right)+x\left(x+z\right)}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}}.\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+z}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}\right)\)
Tương tự hai BĐT còn lại và cộng theo vế ta thu được:
\(VT\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x+y}{x+y}+\frac{y+z}{y+z}+\frac{z+x}{z+x}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
ĐẲng thức xảy ra khi x =y = z=\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
em viết nhầm đề nha.M = \(\frac{y}{\sqrt{xy}-x}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{xy}+y}-\frac{x+y}{\sqrt{xy}}\)mới đúng
\(xy+yz+zx\le3xyz\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\le3\)
\(P=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2+x^2+xy}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y^2+z^2+y^2+yz}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z^2+x^2+z^2+zx}}\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+3xy}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y^2+3yz}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z^2+3zx}}=\frac{4}{2\sqrt{4x\left(x+3y\right)}}+\frac{4}{2\sqrt{4y\left(y+3z\right)}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{4z\left(z+3x\right)}}\)
\(P\le4\left(\frac{1}{4x+x+3y}+\frac{1}{4y+y+3z}+\frac{1}{4z+z+3x}\right)=4\left(\frac{1}{5x+3y}+\frac{1}{5y+3z}+\frac{1}{5z+3x}\right)\)
\(P\le\frac{4}{64}\left(\frac{5}{x}+\frac{3}{y}+\frac{5}{y}+\frac{3}{z}+\frac{5}{z}+\frac{3}{x}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\le\frac{3}{2}\)
\(P_{max}=\frac{3}{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=1\)
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge1\\y\ge4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(M=\frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}+\frac{\sqrt{y-4}}{y}=\frac{1.\sqrt{x-1}}{x}+\frac{2\sqrt{y-4}}{2y}\)
\(M\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1+x-1}{x}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{4+y-4}{2y}\right)=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(M_{max}=\frac{3}{4}\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=8\end{matrix}\right.\)