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\(A=x^2+3x+7\)
\(=x^2+2.1,5x+2,25+4,75\)
\(=\left(x+1,5\right)^2+4,75\ge4,75\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=4,75\Leftrightarrow x=-1,5\)
\(B=2x^2-8x\)
\(=2\left(x^2-4x\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-4\right]\)
\(=2\left(x-2\right)^2-8\ge-8\)
Vậy \(B_{min}=-8\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(P=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+8\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+6x+5\right)\left(x^2+6x-16\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+6x-16\right)^2+21\left(x^2+6x-16\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+6x-16+\frac{21}{2}\right)^2-\frac{441}{4}\ge-\frac{441}{4}\)
\(P_{min}=-\frac{441}{4}\) khi \(x^2+6x-16+\frac{21}{2}=0\)
\(Q=\left(x^2+\frac{y^2}{4}+\frac{9}{4}+xy-3x-\frac{3}{2}y\right)+\frac{3}{4}\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2017\)
\(Q=\left(x+\frac{y}{2}-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(y-1\right)^2+2017\ge2017\)
\(Q_{min}=2017\) khi \(x=y=1\)
đề dài v~
1.
a) \(f\left(x\right)=5x^2-2x+1\)
\(5f\left(x\right)=25x^2-10x+5\)
\(5f\left(x\right)=\left(25x^2-10x+1\right)+4\)
\(5f\left(x\right)=\left(5x-1\right)^2+4\)
Mà \(\left(5x-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow5f\left(x\right)\ge4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow f\left(x\right)\ge\frac{4}{5}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi :
\(5x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{5}\)
Vậy ....
b) \(P\left(x\right)=3x^2+x+7\)
\(3P\left(x\right)=9x^2+3x+21\)
\(3P\left(x\right)=\left(9x^2+3x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{83}{4}\)
\(3P\left(x\right)=\left(3x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{83}{4}\)
Mà \(\left(3x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow3P\left(x\right)\ge\frac{83}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\left(x\right)\ge\frac{83}{12}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :
\(3x+\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{6}\)
Vậy ...
c) \(Q\left(x\right)=5x^2-3x-3\)
\(5Q\left(x\right)=25x^2-15x-15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5Q\left(x\right)=\left(25x^2-15x+\frac{9}{4}\right)-\frac{69}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5Q\left(x\right)=\left(5x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{69}{4}\)
Mà \(\left(5x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow5Q\left(x\right)\ge\frac{-69}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow Q\left(x\right)\ge-\frac{69}{20}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :
\(5x-\frac{3}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=0,3\)
Vậy ...
2.
a) \(f\left(x\right)=-3x^2+x-2\)
\(-3f\left(x\right)=9x^2-3x+6\)
\(-3f\left(x\right)=\left(9x^2-3x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{23}{4}\)
\(-3f\left(x\right)=\left(3x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{23}{4}\)
Mà \(\left(3x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow-3f\left(x\right)\ge\frac{23}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow f\left(x\right)\le\frac{23}{12}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :
\(3x-\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{6}\)
Vậy ...
b) \(P\left(x\right)=-x^2-7x+1\)
\(-P\left(x\right)=x^2+7x-1\)
\(-P\left(x\right)=\left(x^2+7x+\frac{49}{4}\right)-\frac{53}{4}\)
\(-P\left(x\right)=\left(x+\frac{7}{2}\right)^2-\frac{53}{4}\)
Mà \(\left(x+\frac{7}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow-P\left(x\right)\ge-\frac{53}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\left(x\right)\le\frac{53}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :
\(x+\frac{7}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{7}{2}\)
Vậy ...
c) \(Q\left(x\right)=-2x^2+x-8\)
\(-2Q\left(x\right)=4x^2-2x+16\)
\(-2Q\left(x\right)=\left(4x^2-2x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{63}{4}\)
\(-2Q\left(x\right)=\left(2x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{63}{4}\)
Mà : \(\left(2x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow-2Q\left(x\right)\ge\frac{63}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow Q\left(x\right)\le-\frac{63}{8}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :
\(2x-\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{4}\)
Vậy ...
\(A=\frac{8x^2-24x+32}{8\left(x-1\right)^2}=\frac{x^2-10x+25+7\left(x-1\right)^2}{8\left(x-1\right)^2}=\frac{\left(x-5\right)^2}{8\left(x-1\right)^2}+\frac{7}{8}\ge\frac{7}{8}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x-5=0\Rightarrow x=5\)
Vậy GTNN của A là \(\frac{7}{8}\) khi x = 5
Câu 1:
Tìm max:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky ta có:
\(y^2=(3\sqrt{x-1}+4\sqrt{5-x})^2\leq (3^2+4^2)(x-1+5-x)\)
\(\Rightarrow y^2\leq 100\Rightarrow y\leq 10\)
Vậy \(y_{\max}=10\)
Dấu đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{3}=\frac{\sqrt{5-x}}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{61}{25}\)
Tìm min:
Ta có bổ đề sau: Với $a,b\geq 0$ thì \(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\geq \sqrt{a+b}\)
Chứng minh:
\(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\geq \sqrt{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})^2\geq a+b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{ab}\geq 0\) (luôn đúng).
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $ab=0$
--------------------
Áp dụng bổ đề trên vào bài toán ta có:
\(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{5-x}\geq \sqrt{(x-1)+(5-x)}=2\)
\(\sqrt{5-x}\geq 0\)
\(\Rightarrow y=3(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{5-x})+\sqrt{5-x}\geq 3.2+0=6\)
Vậy $y_{\min}=6$
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} (x-1)(5-x)=0\\ 5-x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=5\)
Bài 2:
\(A=\sqrt{(x-1994)^2}+\sqrt{(x+1995)^2}=|x-1994|+|x+1995|\)
Áp dụng BĐT dạng \(|a|+|b|\geq |a+b|\) ta có:
\(A=|x-1994|+|x+1995|=|1994-x|+|x+1995|\geq |1994-x+x+1995|=3989\)
Vậy \(A_{\min}=3989\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \((1994-x)(x+1995)\geq 0\Leftrightarrow -1995\leq x\leq 1994\)
1)
a) \(x^2+12x+36=\left(x+6\right)^2\)
b) \(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
Tick nha
3)
a)\(\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)-x\left(x^2+2\right)=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+8-x^3-2x=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x=15-8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x=7\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{-7}{2}\)
b) \(\left(x+3\right)^3-x\left(3x+1\right)^2+\left(2x+1\right)\left(4x^2\right)-5x+1=28\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+9x^2+27x+27-9x^3-6x^2-x+8x^3-10x^2+2x+4x^2-5x+1=28\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0-3x^2+23x+28=28\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3x^2+23x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x\left(3x-23\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-x=0\\3x-23=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{23}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\left(x^2-1\right)^3-\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^6-3x^4+3x^2-1-x^6-2x^4-2x^2-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-5x^4+x^2-2=0\)
Đặt \(-5t^2+t-2=0\)
\(\Delta=1^2-4\left(-5\right)\left(-2\right)=-39< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow PTVN\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\left|a\right|+\left|b\right|\ge\left|a+b\right|\) ta có:
\(\left|x^2+x+1\right|+\left|x^2+3x+7\right|\ge\left|2x^2+4x+8\right|\)
Để đạt Min thì:
A=\(2x^2+4x+8\)
\(A=\left(\sqrt{2x}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2+6\)
\(\Rightarrow Min_A=6\)
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