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\(1+x+y=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(1+x+y\right)=2\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{y}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2+2x+2y=2\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{xy}+2\sqrt{y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+2y+2-2\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{xy}-2\sqrt{y}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\sqrt{xy}+y\right)+\left(x-2\sqrt{x}+1\right)+\left(y-2\sqrt{y}+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{y}\\\sqrt{x}=1\\\sqrt{y}=1\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\)
\(\Rightarrow S=x^{2013}+y^{2013}=1+1=2\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{2}{2\sqrt{xy}}\ge\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{2}{x+y}=2\left(\dfrac{1}{2x}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}\right)\ge2.\dfrac{4}{2x+x+y}=\dfrac{8}{3x+y}\ge\dfrac{8}{4}=2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=1\)
\(x+y\le xy\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\le1\)
\(M=\dfrac{1}{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+x^2}\le\dfrac{1}{4xy+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{4xy+x^2}\)
\(B\le\dfrac{1}{25}\left(\dfrac{4}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)+\dfrac{1}{25}\left(\dfrac{4}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}\right)=\dfrac{1}{25}\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{2}{xy}+\dfrac{6}{xy}\right)\)
\(M\le\dfrac{1}{25}\left[\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\right]=\dfrac{1}{10}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\le\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(M_{max}=\dfrac{1}{10}\) khi \(x=y=2\)
Sử dụng BĐT cộng mẫu:
\(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1+1+1\right)^2}{xy+xy+xy+xy+y^2}=\dfrac{25}{4xy+y^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4xy+y^2}\le\dfrac{1}{25}\left(\dfrac{4}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)\)
Có: \(A=16xy+\dfrac{1}{xy}-15xy\)
Áp dụng bdt Co-si, ta có:
\(16xy+\dfrac{1}{xy}\ge2\sqrt{16xy.\dfrac{1}{xy}}=8\)
Có \(x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}< =>xy\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
=> A \(\ge8-15.\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{17}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y= \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(P=\frac{18}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{9}{xy}+\frac{4}{xy}=\frac{18}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{18}{2xy}+\frac{4}{xy}\)
\(=18.\left(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\right)+\frac{4}{xy}\ge18.\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+2xy}+\frac{4}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}}\)
\(=18.4+4.4=72+16=88\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra: \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{xy}=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{2xy}\)
Áp dụng bđt với x,y > 0 thì: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\)ta có : \(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\ge\frac{4}{x^2+y^2+2xy}=\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=\frac{4}{1^2}=4\)(1)
Ta lại có \(1^2=\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\Rightarrow xy\le\frac{1}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{xy}\ge4\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2xy}\ge2\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(A\ge4+2=6\)
Dấu = xảy ra <=> x = y = 1/2