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a) M xác định khi \(x+1\ne0\)
\(x^2+1\ne0\)
\(x^2+2x+1=\left(x+1\right)^2\ne0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\ne\pm1\)
b) \(M=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{x-x^3}{x^2+1}\left(\frac{1}{x^2+2x+1}-\frac{1}{x^2-1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{x-x^3}{x^2+1}\left(\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}-\frac{1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{x-x^3}{x^2+1}\left(\frac{1\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}-\frac{1\left(x+1\right)^2}{\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{x-x^3}{x^2+1}\left(\frac{\left[1\left(x^2-1\right)\right]-1\left(x+1\right)^2}{\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{x-x^3}{x^2+1}.\frac{x^2-1-1\left(x^2+2x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{x-x^3}{x^2+1}.\frac{x^2-1-x^2-2x-1}{\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{x-x^3}{x^2+1}.\frac{-2x-2}{\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{\left(x-x^3\right)\left(-2x-2\right)}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x+1\right)^2}\)\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{\left(x-x^3\right)\left(-2x-2\right)}{\left(x^4-1\right)\left(x+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{-2\left(x-x^3\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^4-1\right)\left(x+1\right)^2}\)\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{-2\left(x-x^3\right)}{\left(x^4-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x^4-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^4-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{-2\left(x-x^3\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^4-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x^4-1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^4-1\right)}+\frac{-2\left(x-x^3\right)}{\left(x^4-1\right)}\)\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{-2\left(x-x^3\right)}{\left(x^4-1\right)}\)??? Chắc hết rút được rồi :v
Câu b) hơi dài quá rồi.Làm lại
b) \(M=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{x-x^3}{x^2+1}\left(\frac{1}{x^2+2x+1}-\frac{1}{x^2-1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{x-x^3}{x^2+1}\left(\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}-\frac{1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{x-x^3}{x^2+1}\left(\frac{x-1}{\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x-1\right)}-\frac{x+1}{\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x-1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{x-x^3}{x^2+1}\left(\frac{\left(x-1\right)-\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x-1\right)}\right)\)\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{x-x^3}{x^2+1}.\frac{-2}{\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{-2\left(x-x^3\right)}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x-1\right)}\)\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{2x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{2x}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{x+1}{x^2+1}\) (Quy đồng và rút gọn)
\(\frac{3x^3+9x^2-x-5}{x+3}=\left(3x^2-1\right)-\frac{2}{x+3}\)là số nguyên khi x+3 là ước của 2, vậy x=-5;-4;-2;-1
\(ĐKXĐ:\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne\pm2\\x\ne0\end{cases}}\)
a) \(P=\left(\frac{x^2}{x^3-4x}+\frac{6}{6-3x}+\frac{1}{x+2}\right):\left(x-2+\frac{10-x^2}{x+2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\left(\frac{x^2}{x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\frac{6}{3\left(x-2\right)}+\frac{1}{x+2}\right):\frac{x^2-4+10-x^2}{x-2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{x^2-2x\left(x+2\right)+x\left(x-2\right)}{x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}:\frac{6}{x-2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{x^2-2x^2-4x+x^2-2x}{x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\cdot\frac{x-2}{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{-6x}{6x\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{-1}{x+2}\)
b) Khi \(\left|x\right|=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{4}\\x=-\frac{3}{4}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}P=-\frac{1}{\frac{3}{4}+2}=-\frac{4}{11}\\P=-\frac{1}{-\frac{3}{4}+2}=-\frac{4}{5}\end{cases}}\)
c) Để P = 7
\(\Leftrightarrow-\frac{1}{x+2}=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7\left(x+2\right)=-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7x+14=-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7x=-15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{15}{7}\)
Vậy để \(P=7\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{15}{7}\)
d) Để \(P\inℤ\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1⋮x+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+2\inƯ\left(1\right)=\left\{\pm1\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{-3;-1\right\}\)
Vậy để \(P\inℤ\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{-3;-1\right\}\)
\(A=\frac{3x^2-x+1}{3x+2}=\frac{3x^2+2x-3x-2+3}{3x+2}=\frac{x\left(3x+2\right)-\left(3x+2\right)+3}{3x+2}\)
\(=x-1+\frac{3}{3x+2}\)
Vì x thuộc Z nên x-1 thuộc Z
Vậy A thuộc Z <=> \(\frac{3}{3x+2}\in Z\) <=> 3x+2 là ước của 3
| Ư(2) | 1 | -1 | 3 | -3 |
| 3x+2 | 1 | -1 | 3 | -3 |
| x | -1/3 | -1 | 1/3 | -5/3 |
x thuộc Z nên chọn giá trị x = -1
* Cách làm dạng bài này:
B1: biến đổi mẫu số sao cho chứa ước của tử số
B2: Thu gọn phân số sao cho có phân số mà có tử là số nguyên
B3: Giải
\(A=\frac{2x-1}{x+2}\)
Để A \(\in\)\(ℤ\)thì \(2x-1\) \(⋮\)\(x+2\) ; \(x+2\) \(\ne\)0; \(2x-1,x+2\inℤ\)
Ta có: \(2x-1=2\left(x+2\right)-5\)
Vì \(2\left(x+2\right)⋮x+2\)
nên để \(2x-1⋮x+2\)
thì \(5⋮x-2\)
=> \(x-2\in\left\{\pm1;\pm5\right\}\)
Ta có bảng sau:
| \(x-2\) | \(1\) | \(-1\) | \(5\) | \(-5\) |
| \(x\) | \(3\) | \(1\) | \(7\) | \(-3\) |
Vì \(x\inℤ\)=>\(x\in\left\{1;\pm3;7\right\}\)
Còn 2 ý còn lại làm tương tự như ý này
a) ĐKXĐ: \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+2\ne0\\x^2-4\ne0\\2-x\ne0\end{cases}}\) => \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne-2\\x\ne\pm2\\x\ne2\end{cases}}\) => \(x\ne\pm2\)
Ta có:Q = \(\frac{x-1}{x+2}+\frac{4x+4}{x^2-4}+\frac{3}{2-x}\)
Q = \(\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}+\frac{4x+4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\frac{3\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
Q = \(\frac{x^2-2x-x+2+4x+4-3x-6}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
Q = \(\frac{x^2-2x}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\frac{x\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\frac{x}{x+2}\)
b) ĐKXĐ P: x - 3 \(\ne\)0 => x \(\ne\)3
Ta có: P = 3 => \(\frac{x+2}{x-3}=3\)
=> x + 2 = 3(x - 3)
=> x + 2 = 3x - 9
=> x - 3x = -9 - 2
=> -2x = -11
=> x = 11/2 (tm)
Với x = 11/2 thay vào Q => Q = \(\frac{\frac{11}{2}}{\frac{11}{2}+2}=\frac{11}{15}\)
c) Với x \(\ne\)\(\pm\)2; x \(\ne\)3
Ta có: M = PQ = \(\frac{x+2}{x-3}\cdot\frac{x}{x+2}=\frac{x}{x-3}=\frac{x-3+3}{x-3}=1+\frac{3}{x-3}\)
Để M \(\in\)Z <=> 3 \(⋮\)x - 3
=> x - 3 \(\in\)Ư(3) = {1; -1; 3; -3}
Lập bảng:
| x - 3 | 1 | -1 | 3 | -3 |
| x | 4 | 2 (ktm) | 6 | 0 |
Vậy ...
Ta có: \(A=\frac{x+2}{x-2}=\frac{x-2+4}{x-2}=1+\frac{4}{x-2}\)
Để A nguyên thì \(\frac{4}{x-2}\) nguyên hay \(x-2\inƯ\left(4\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm4\right\}\)
Đến đây lập bảng xét từng giá trị của x - 2 và tìm x. =))
Vì \(x\inℤ\Rightarrow x+2\inℤ;x-2\inℤ\)
\(\Rightarrow A\inℤ\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+2}{x-2}\inℤ\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+2⋮x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)+4⋮x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4⋮x-2\left(x-2⋮x-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-2\inƯ\left(4\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm4\right\}\)
Ta có bảng sau :
| x - 2 | -4 | -2 | -1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| x | -2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 6 |
Vậy \(x=-2;0;1;3;4;6\)
a,ĐKXĐ: \(x^2-4\ne0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x\ne\pm2\)
b,Rút gọn:
\(C=\frac{x^3}{x^2-4}-\frac{x}{x-2}-\frac{2}{x+2}\)
\(=\frac{x^3}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\frac{x}{x-2}-\frac{2}{x+2}\)
\(=\frac{x^3-x\left(x+2\right)-2\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^3-x^2-2x-2x+4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^3-x^2-4x+4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x^3-4x\right)-\left(x^2-4\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x\left(x^2-4\right)-\left(x^2-4\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x-1\right)}{x^2-4}\)
\(=x-1\)
Để C = 0 thì x - 1 = 0
=> x = 1
Vậy : Để C = 0 thì x = 1
c,Để C nhận giá trị dương thì C > 0
Hay: x - 1 > 0
<=> x > 1
Vậy: Để C dương thì x > 1
=.= hok tốt!!
Để \(P\)nguyên \(\Leftrightarrow2⋮x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-2\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2\right\}\)
tìm nốt đê
Để P thuộc Z
=>x chia hết cho x-2
Ta có:
x=x-2+2
Vì x-2 chia hết cho x-2
=>2 chia hết cho x-2
=>x-2 thuộc Ư(2)
=>Ư(2)={-1;1;-2;2}
Có bảng sau:
Vậy x thuộc {1;3;0;4}