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Gọi CTHH là CaxCyOz
Trong hợp chất: mCa = 100.40% = 40 (g) => x = 1
mC = 100.12% = 12 => y = 1
mO =100.48% = 48 => z = 3
=> Hợp chất là CaCO3
\(\%Ca=\dfrac{1.40}{100}.100\%=40\%\\\%C=\dfrac{1.12}{100}.100\%=12\%\\ \%O=100\%-\left(40\%+12\%\right)=48\% \)
MCaCO3 = 100 g/mol
%Ca = \(\dfrac{40}{100}.100\)= 40%
%C = \(\dfrac{12}{100}.100\)= 12%
%O3= \(\dfrac{48}{100}.100\)=48%
\(CaCO_3\\ \%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{40}{40+12+3.16}.100=40\%\\ \%m_C=\dfrac{12}{40+12+16.3}.100=12\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_O=100\%-\left(40\%+12\%\right)=48\%\\ H_2SO_4\\ \%m_H=\dfrac{2.1}{2.1+32+4.16}.100\approx2,041\%\\ \%m_S=\dfrac{32}{2.1+32+4.16}.100\approx32,653\%\\ \%m_O=\dfrac{4.16}{2.1+32+4.16}.100\approx65,306\%\\ Fe_2O_3\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{56.2}{56.2+16.3}.100=70\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_O=100\%-70\%=30\%\)
CaCO3
\(\%M_{\dfrac{Ca}{CaCO_3}}=\dfrac{40}{100}.100\%=40\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{C}{CaCO_3}}=\dfrac{12}{100}.100\%=12\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{O}{CaCO_3}}=100\%-\left(40\%+12\%\right)=48\%\)
H2SO4
\(\%M_{\dfrac{H_2}{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{2}{98}.100\%=2,04\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{S}{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{32}{98}.100\%=32,65\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{O}{H_2SO_4}}=100\%-\left(2,04\%+32,65\%\right)=65,31\%\)
Fe2O3
\(\%M_{\dfrac{Fe}{Fe_2O_3}}=\dfrac{112}{160}.100\%=70\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{O}{Fe_2O_3}}=100\%-70\%=30\%\)
Gọi \(n_{CaCO_3}=a\left(mol\right)\) và \(n_{MaCO_3}=b\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CaCO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}CaO+CO_2\)
\(MgCO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+CO_2\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{hh}=100a+84b=18,4\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{8,8}{44}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow a+b=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=10g;m_{MgCO_3}=8,4g\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{100\%.10}{18,4}\approx54\%;\%m_{MgCO_3}=100\%-54\%=46\%\)
b,
Ta có: dX/O2=1,375
=>Mx =1,375.32
=44(g/mol)
Ta lại có:
12.x/27,27=16.y/72,73=44/100
=>x=27,27.44/12.100=1
=> y=72,73.44/16.100=2
Vậy CTHH: CO2
\(\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{40}{164}.100=24,39\left(\%\right)\\ \%m_N=\dfrac{28}{164}.100=17,07\left(\%\right)\\ \%m_O=\dfrac{48.2}{164}.100=58,54\left(\%\right)\)
40%
Ta có: \(\%m_{Ca}=\frac{40}{40+12+16.3}.100\%=40\%\)