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Bài 4:
a: Xét tứ giác OBAC có
\(\widehat{OBA}+\widehat{OCA}=180^0\)
Do đó: OBAC là tứ giác nội tiếp
hay O,B,A,C cùng thuộc 1 đường tròn
Bài 5:
\(\sqrt{x+2021}-y^3=\sqrt{y+2021}-x^3\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+2021}-\sqrt{y+2021}\right)+\left(x^3-y^3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-y}{\sqrt{x+2021}+\sqrt{y+2021}}+\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+2021}+\sqrt{y+2021}}+x^2+xy+y^2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+2021}+\sqrt{y+2021}}+x^2+xy+y^2=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Dễ thấy \(\left(1\right)>0\) với mọi x,y
Do đó \(x-y=0\) hay \(x=y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=x^2+2x^2-2x^2+2x+2022=x^2+2x+1+2021\\ \Leftrightarrow M=\left(x+1\right)^2+2021\ge2021\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=-1\)
Bài 18:
a: Ta có: \(P=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}\right)^2\cdot\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2\cdot\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)^2}{4a}\cdot\dfrac{a-2\sqrt{a}+1-a-2\sqrt{a}-1}{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-1\right)\cdot\left(-4\right)\cdot\sqrt{a}}{4a}\)
\(=\dfrac{-a+1}{\sqrt{a}}\)
b: Để P<0 thì -a+1<0
\(\Leftrightarrow-a< -1\)
hay a>1
c: Để P=-2 thì \(-a+1=-2\sqrt{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-a+1+2\sqrt{a}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-2\sqrt{a}+1=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}-1=\sqrt{2}\)
hay \(a=3+2\sqrt{2}\)
Bài 17:
a: Ta có: \(P=\dfrac{a\sqrt{a}-1}{a-\sqrt{a}}-\dfrac{a\sqrt{a}+1}{a+\sqrt{a}}+\left(\sqrt{a}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}\right)\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a}+1-a+\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}}+\dfrac{a-1}{\sqrt{a}}\cdot\dfrac{a+2\sqrt{a}+1+a-2\sqrt{a}+1}{a-1}\)
\(=2+\dfrac{2a+2}{\sqrt{a}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2a+2\sqrt{a}+2}{\sqrt{a}}\)
Bài 16:
a: Ta có: \(P=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{ab}+1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{ab}-1}-1\right):\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{ab}+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{ab}-1}+1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{a\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{ab}-1+ab+\sqrt{ab}+a\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a}-ab+1}{\left(\sqrt{ab}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{ab}-1\right)}:\dfrac{a\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{ab}-1-ab-\sqrt{ab}-a\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{a}+ab-1}{\left(\sqrt{ab}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{ab}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2a\sqrt{b}+2\sqrt{ab}}{-2\sqrt{a}-2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{-2\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\)
\(=-\sqrt{ab}\)
Lời giải:
a. Gọi biểu thức là $A$
\(A=\left[\frac{(1-\sqrt{x})(1+\sqrt{x}+x)}{1-\sqrt{x}}+\sqrt{x}\right].\left[\frac{1-\sqrt{x}}{(1-\sqrt{x})(1+\sqrt{x})}\right]^2\)
\(=(1+\sqrt{x}+x+\sqrt{x}).\frac{1}{(1+\sqrt{x})^2}=(\sqrt{x}+1)^2.\frac{1}{(\sqrt{x}+1)^2}=1\)
Ta có đpcm
b.
\(\sqrt{2012}-\sqrt{2011}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}+\sqrt{2011}}< \frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}+\sqrt{2010}}=\sqrt{2011}-\sqrt{2010}\)
Bài 13:
a: Ta có: \(P=\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11}{x+2\sqrt{x}-3}+\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-2}{1-\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
\(=\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11-\left(3\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)-\left(2\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11-3x-9\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{x}+6-2x+2\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-5x+7\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-5\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
b: Để \(P=\dfrac{1}{2}\) thì \(-10\sqrt{x}+4=\sqrt{x}+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-11\sqrt{x}=-1\)
hay \(x=\dfrac{1}{121}\)
Bài 3:
a) Thay x=9 vào A, ta được:
\(A=\dfrac{3+2}{3-5}=\dfrac{5}{-2}=\dfrac{-5}{2}\)
b) Ta có: M=B:A
\(=\left(\dfrac{x+3\sqrt{x}}{x-25}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-5}\right):\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-5}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+3\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}+5}{\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+5\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+4\sqrt{x}+5}{x+7\sqrt{x}+10}\)
Bài 1 đâu em?
:)